57 research outputs found
Mejoramiento del servicio de galvanizado mediante seis sigma y el analisis de la informacion
El servicio de galvanizado perteneciente a una empresa del rubro metalmecánico de la ciudad de Talcahuano, presenta algunas falencias que impiden, por un lado, tener el control total de los costos del proceso y, por otra parte, entregar un servicio de calidad al cliente. Ambas situaciones generan una preocupación constante en la alta gerencia de la organización.Por tales motivos, en el presente trabajo se elabora una propuesta de mejoramiento del proceso de galvanizado, a través de un análisis de la situación actual, con el objetivo de detectar los principales puntos de la problemática existente, los cuales están relacionados con el control de los insumos (específicamente el consumo de zinc) y con el flujo de la información generada en el proceso.La metodología utilizada consiste, en primera instancia, en la aplicación integrada de un modelo de “Seis Sigma”, con el cual se logra reducir la variabilidad del espesor de los recubrimientos de zinc de los materiales galvanizados, y, por la otra, en el análisis y diseño de un modelo de la información que permita mejorar el flujo informativo generado entre las distintas actividades del proceso de galvanizado. Por último, se utiliza el modelo de Kaplan y Norton para definir una estructura de indicadores de gestión, que permiten medir el desempeño de las mejoras planteadas.Galvanizing Service belonging to a company in the city of Talcahuano, presents some shortcomings that prevent, on the one hand, the total control of the process’s costs and on the other hand, providing a quality service to the clients. Both situations generate a constant concern in the senior management of the Organization.For such reasons, the present paper elaborates a proposal for improving the process of galvanizing, through an analysis of the current situation with the aim of detecting the main points of the existing problems, which are related to the control of inputs (specifically the consumption of zinc) and with the flow of the information generated in the process.The methodology used is in the first instance, the integrated implementation of a model of “Six Sigma”, which will reduce the variability of the thickness of coatings of zinc galvanized materials, and on the other, in the design of a model of the information structure which allows to improve the information flow of the galvanizing process. Finally, Kaplan and Norton model is used to define a structure of management indicators, which allow measuring the performance of the raised improvements
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Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming
Knowledge about the genetic underpinnings of invasions—a theme addressed by invasion genetics as a discipline—is still scarce amid well documented ecological impacts of non-native species on ecosystems of Patagonia in South America. One of the most invasive species in Patagonia’s freshwater systems and elsewhere is rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). This species was introduced to Chile during the early twentieth century for stocking and promoting recreational fishing; during the late twentieth century was reintroduced for farming purposes and is now naturalized. We used population- and individual-based inference from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to illuminate three objectives related to the establishment and naturalization of Rainbow Trout in Lake Llanquihue. This lake has been intensively used for trout farming during the last three decades. Our results emanate from samples collected from five inlet streams over two seasons, winter and spring. First, we found that significant intra- population (temporal) genetic variance was greater than inter-population (spatial) genetic variance, downplaying the importance of spatial divergence during the process of naturalization. Allele frequency differences between cohorts, consistent with variation in fish length between spring and winter collections, might explain temporal genetic differences. Second, individual-based Bayesian clustering suggested that genetic structure within Lake Llanquihue was largely driven by putative farm propagules found at one single stream during spring, but not in winter. This suggests that farm broodstock might migrate upstream to breed during spring at that particular stream. It is unclear whether interbreeding has occurred between “pure” naturalized and farm trout in this and other streams. Third, estimates of the annual number of breeders (N[subscript]b) were below 73 in half of the collections, suggestive of genetically small and recently founded populations that might experience substantial genetic drift. Our results reinforce the notion that naturalized trout originated recently from a small yet genetically diverse source and that farm propagules might have played a significant role in the invasion of Rainbow Trout within a single lake with intensive trout farming. Our results also argue for proficient mitigation measures that include management of escapes and strategies to minimize unintentional releases from farm facilities
ANALISIS ISOENZIMÁTICO EN BRAMA AUSTRALIS VALENCIENNES 1837 (PISCES, PERCIFORMES, BRAMIDAE) EN LA ZONA CENTRO-SUR DE CHILE ISOENZYME ANALYSIS IN BRAMA AUSTRALIS VALENCIENNES 1837 (PISCES, PERCIFORMES, BRAMIDAE) IN THE SOUTH CENTER ZONE OF CHILE
Los resultados muestran un valor de heterocigosidad de 11% si se considera los 12 loci presuntivos analizados. El polimorfismo es de 25%, semejante al reportado en distintas especies de peces marinos. Por otro lado el análisis estadístico de las pruebas Fst y X² sugieren que las poblaciones de Valparaíso y Lebu se ajustan al equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg. Los valores de Identidad genética (I = 0,996) y Distancia genética de Nei (D = 0,004), demuestran diferencias no significativas<br>The pacific pomfret, Brama australis, is an epipelagic and mesopelagic fish and the distribution is from Coquimbo in the north to the Austral zone in the south. The main fisheries area are the V and VIII Región. We study the genetic variability in this species using starch gel electrophoresis of proteins. The samples com from Valparaíso (33°05'S; 71°40'W) and from Lebu (37°37'S; 73°40''`W). The results show that the heterozygosity is 11% when 12 presuntive loci are analized. The polymorphism is 25 %, similar to those reported in different species of marine fish. On the other hand, the statistical analysis of Fst and X² test suggest that populations of Valparaíso and Lebu fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The values of genetic identity (I = 0.996) and Nei genetic distance (D = 0,004) demonstrate not significative difference
Diferenciaci\uf3n gen\ue9tica de Merluccius gayi gayi y Merluccius gayi peruanus (Pisces, Merlucciidae) y antecedentes paleogeogr\ue1ficos de su \ue1rea de distribuci\uf3n
ANALISIS ISOENZIM\uc1TICO EN BRAMA AUSTRALIS VALENCIENNES 1837 (PISCES, PERCIFORMES, BRAMIDAE) EN LA ZONA CENTRO-SUR DE CHILE
Mejoramiento del servicio de galvanizado mediante seis sigma y el análisis de la información
Galvanizing Service belonging to a company in the city of Talcahuano, presents some
shortcomings that prevent, on the one hand, the total control of the process�s costs and on
the other hand, providing a quality service to the clients. Both situations generate a constant
concern in the senior management of the Organization.
For such reasons, the present paper elaborates a proposal for improving the process of
galvanizing, through an analysis of the current situation with the aim of detecting the main
points of the existing problems, which are related to the control of inputs (specifically the
consumption of zinc) and with the flow of the information generated in the process.
The methodology used is in the first instance, the integrated implementation of a model of
"Six Sigma", which will reduce the variability of the thickness of coatings of zinc galvanized
materials, and on the other, in the design of a model of the information structure which allows
to improve the information flow of the galvanizing process. Finally, Kaplan and Norton model is
used to define a structure of management indicators, which allow measuring the performance
of the raised improvements.El servicio de galvanizado perteneciente a una empresa del rubro metalmecánico de la ciudad
de Talcahuano, presenta algunas falencias que impiden, por un lado, tener el control total de
los costos del proceso y, por otra parte, entregar un servicio de calidad al cliente. Ambas
situaciones generan una preocupación constante en la alta gerencia de la organización.
Por tales motivos, en el presente trabajo se elabora una propuesta de mejoramiento del
proceso de galvanizado, a través de un análisis de la situación actual, con el objetivo de
detectar los principales puntos de la problemática existente, los cuales están relacionados
con el control de los insumos (específicamente el consumo de zinc) y con el flujo de la
información generada en el proceso.
La metodología utilizada consiste, en primera instancia, en la aplicación integrada de un
modelo de "Seis Sigma", con el cual se logra reducir la variabilidad del espesor de los
recubrimientos de zinc de los materiales galvanizados, y, por la otra, en el análisis y diseño
de un modelo de la información que permita mejorar el flujo informativo generado entre
las distintas actividades del proceso de galvanizado. Por último, se utiliza el modelo de
Kaplan y Norton para definir una estructura de indicadores de gestión, que permiten medir el
desempeño de las mejoras planteadas
Variabilidad genética en el pejerrata Caelorinchus fasciatus (Günther, 1878): (Pisces, Gadiformes, Macrouridae)
Studies on microevolutionary processes in deep-sea environments, allow testing the contrasting hypotheses about the environmental stability. Some of these consider those environments as stable or suffering periodical disturbances. In those cases the species will answer according to its genetic potential and phylogenetic constrains. In this context, the genetic variability in the rat tail fish Caelorinchus fasciatus was studied. Using starch electrophoresis the enzymatic products of 28 presumptive loci were screened; only three of them were polymorphic PGI-1, PGI-2 and PGM-1. The low genetic variability found (H=0,026) is seen as typical of habitat generalist species. Compared with Macrourus holotrachys, the single Chilean species that has genetic records, 12 loci show similar electrophoretic expression in both species, including 5 loci of total proteins. The Genetic Identity between both species was I=0,409 and the Genetic Distance was D=0,894. Moreover, our results support the Gauldie's hypothesis that it is possible to find low variability in the enzymatic systems PGI and PGM, or in one of them but never high variability in both of them simultaneously.El ambiente marino de profundidad plantea interesantes situaciones para el estudio de procesos microevolutivos, permitiendo confrontar hipótesis que ven a esos ambientes como muy estables o bien sujetos a perturbaciones periódicas a las que las especies responderán según su potencial genético y limitantes filogenéticas. En ese contexto se estudió la variabilidad genética en un peje-rata de la costa de Chile: Caelorinchus fasciatus. Mediante electroforesis en gel de almidón se evidenciaron los productos enzimáticos de 28 loci presuntivos, de los cuales, sólo tres resultaron polimórficos (PGI-1, PGI-2 y PGM-1). La baja variabilidad genética encontrada (H=0,026) es propia de especies generalistas de hábitat. Comparado con Macrourus holotrachys, la única especie chilena de la familia de la cual se tiene información genética, 12 loci muestran una expresión semejante en ambas especies, incluyendo 5 loci de proteínas totales; la Identidad Génica entre ambas especies alcanzó valores de I=0,409 y la Distancia fue D=0,894. Además, los resultados del presente trabajo, apoyan la Hipótesis de Gauldie, de encontrar baja variabilidad en los sistemas enzimáticos PGI y PGM o sólo en uno de ellos, pero nunca alta en ambos a la vez
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