[brainstem Hemorrhage After Surgical Removal Of Arachnoid Cyst Of The Sylvian Fissure: A Case Report].

The authors report a case of a hemorrhage of the brainstem after craniotomy for resection of a huge arachnoid cyst of the sylvian fissure on the left hemisphere. The previous simptomatology included clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure, and the computerized tomography showed midline shift. Some factors may contribute to brain hemorrhage post-operatively: cerebral edema, ipsilateral changes in the venous reflux and blood perfusion, although the physiopathology remains obscure. A more careful approach is suggested in such cases with intracranial hypertension.53825-3

Drug resistance, AmpC-β-lactamase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from fish and shrimp

ABSTRACT The present study aims to detect the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) by enterobacteria isolated from samples of fresh shrimp and fish obtained from the retail trade of the city of Sobral, Ceará State, Brazil. All bacterial isolates were submitted to identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using aminopenicillin, beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenem, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, and monobactam. Three types of beta-lactamases - ESBL, AmpC and KPC - were investigated. 103 strains were identified, and the most frequent species in shrimp and fish samples was Enterobacter cloacae (n = 54). All the strains were resistant to penicillin and more than 50% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and cephalothin. Resistance to three 3rd generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime) and one fourth generation cephalosporin (cefepime) was detected in two isolates of E. cloacae from shrimp samples. Phenotypic detection of AmpC was confirmed in seven strains. The ESBL was detected in two strains of E. cloacae from shrimp samples. No strain showed KPC production. These data can be considered alarming, since food (shrimp and fish) may be carriers of enterobacteria resistant to drugs of clinical interest

Cerebral Aneurysms. Assessment Of 50 Cases Operated On And Comparison With Previous Series.

A retrospective analysis of 50 patients who suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) treated at UNICAMP between April 1988 and March 1992 is made, distributed as 34% in Hunt & Hess grade I, 38% in grade II, 16% in grade III, and 12% in grade IV. Males were predominant (66.6%), and patients age varied around 47 +/- 12.13 years old. Only 13 patients (26%) were admitted within the first 24 hours after bleeding, with an overall average of 20.45 days of delay. From all cases only one had a rebleeding, survived and was submitted to surgery. Four patients died after surgery (8%). Timing of operation and prognostic chances were available, being 27.30 days after SAH for Hunt & Hess group I. It is analyzed also the timing for diagnosis-which responded for the most delay, and treatment for the other groups, and a historical comparison with previous series since year 1956 of the same Hospital were documented. Good results were observed in 38 cases (76%). The overall results in terms of mortality and morbidity is, in comparison, in accordance with the literature, and is ameliorated from the past series due to technical improvement, despite worsen difficulties in managing admittance, diagnosis and treatment faster, which is required to deal with the disease.55287-9

[spinal Cord Cysticercosis: Report Of 2 Cases, Review Of The Literature, And Comments On Its Pathogeny].

A case of spinal intramedullary cysticercosis in a 13-year-old Brazilian female and a case of spinal leptomeningeal infestation by cysticercosis in a 51 year-old Brazilian female are presented. A review of 95 published cases of medullar cysticercosis since 1856 shows the incidence of this condition. Extramedullary forms are explained by the downward migration of larvae from the cerebral to the spinal subarachnoid space and most larvae are expected to be stopped in the upper portions of the spinal canal due to peculiarities of the anatomy of the spinal cord.50343-5

Essential Oils To Control Ichthyophthiriasis In Pacu, Piaractus Mesopotamicus (holmberg): Special Emphasis On Treatment With Melaleuca Alternifolia.

In vitro effect of the Melaleuca alternifolia, Lavandula angustifolia and Mentha piperita essential oils (EOs) against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and in vivo effect of M. alternifolia for treating ichthyophthiriasis in one of the most important South American fish, Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg), were evaluated. The in vitro test consisted of three EOs, each at concentrations of 57 μL L(-1) , 114 μL L (-1) , 227 μL L(-1) and 455 μL L (-1) , which were assessed once an hour for 4 h in microtitre plates (96 wells). The in vitro results demonstrated that all tested EOs showed a cytotoxic effect against I. multifiliis compared to control groups (P < 0.05). The in vivo treatment for white spot disease was performed in a bath for 2 h day(-1) for 5 days using the M. alternifolia EO (50 μL L (-1) ). In this study, 53.33% of the fish severely infected by I. multifiliis survived after the treatment with M. alternifolia (50 μL L (-1) ) and the parasitological analysis has shown an efficacy of nearly 100% in the skin and gills, while all the fish in the control group died. Furthermore, the potential positive effect of M. alternifolia EO against two emergent opportunistic bacteria in South America Edwardsiella tarda and Citrobacter freundii was discussed

Orienting the Demixion of a Diblock-copolymer Using 193 nm Interferometric Lithography for the Controlled Deposition of Nanoparticles

DUV interferometric lithography and diblock copolymer self-organization have successfully been combined to provide a simple and highly collective nanopatterning technique enabling the organization of nanoparticles over several orders of magnitude, from nanometre to millimetre. The nanostructural changes at the surface of the polymer film after thermal annealing have been monitored by AFM and the process parameters optimized for obtaining a long-range organization of the lamellar domains. In particular, the impact of the annealing conditions and geometric parameters of the substrate patterns have been investigated. The nanopatterns resulting from the lamellar demixion of (PS-b-MMA) were used for a controlled deposition of nanoparticles. The affinity of the hydrophobic particles for the PS block was demonstrated, opening new doors towards the preparation of high-density arrays of nanoparticles with potential applications in data storage