Un prohombre del porvernir agroindustrial aguilarense: Manuel Aragón Calvo de Léon (1879-1924). Aproximación a su semblanza.

El presente trabajo se ocupa de la aproximación biográfica de unos de los hacendados más importantes de la Campiña Sur cordobesa durante el primer tercio del siglo XX: Manuel Aragón Calvo de León (1879-1924). En su persona se aglutinaron una serie de factores que propiciarían un nuevo modelo de labrador, pues sus iniciativas propiciaron una evolución empresarial dentro del sector agropecuario, mostró un acercamiento hacia los incipientes compromisos sindicalistas del momento, asistió a cuantas causas religiosas y benéfico-asistenciales quedaron a su alcance, mientras que, en materia artística, fue partidario del estilo regionalista o «estilo sevillano» con la construcción de su casa-palacio en una de las calles principales de su localidad natal

QUÍLEZ CORELLA, F. (dir.) Tiempo de ensoñación. Andalucía en el imaginario de Fortuny.

Reseña del catálogo de exposición titulado "Tiempo de ensoñación. Andalucía en el imaginario de Fortuny" bajo la dirección de Francesc Quílez Corell

El Fulgor de la Plata

En líneas generales, el Barroco se presenta como una manifestación unitaria, total, resultado de una ardua maduración del hombre europeo

Further glories of Granada. The brothers Juan and Antonio Gómez, sculptors of the Pablo de Rojas workshop

Sin olvidar a los grandes maestros del Barroco andaluz, la mirada investigadora se preocupa cada vez más de esos “otros” nombres que la Historia del Arte aún guarda para sí en el vagón de la memoria. El rastreo documental y las propuestas de identificación que ocupan este trabajo persiguen contribuir a la puesta en valor de un taller y una dinámica social que remarcan el influjo y la presencia, desde y más allá de Granada, de esa belleza escultórica que encuentra carta de naturaleza en Pablo de Rojas, a través del obrador malagueño de los hermanos Juan y Antonio Gómez.Without neglecting the great masters of Andalusian Baroque, researchers have become ever more interested in those “other” names which are still hidden away in small corners of the history of art. This study presents evidence gleaned from the investigation of documents which will enable us to revaluate the work of a workshop and a social context which produced beautiful sculpture in and beyond Granada, attributed to Pablo de Rojas through the creations of the Málaga workshop of the Gómez brothers

Water vapor radiative effects on short-wave radiation in Spain

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through project CGL2014-56255-C2. Support from the Junta de Extremadura (Research Group Grant GR15137) is gratefully acknowledged. Work at the Universidad de Valladolid is supported by project CMT2015-66742-R. Work at the Universidad de Granada was supported by the Andalusia Regional Government (Project P12-RNM-2409) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds under the projects CGL2016-81092-R and “Juan de la Cierva-Formación” program (FJCI-2014-22052).In this work, water vapor radiative effect (WVRE) is studied by means of the Santa Barbara's Disort Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model, fed with integrated water vapor (IWV) data from 20 ground-based GPS stations in Spain. Only IWV data recorded during cloud-free days (selected using daily insolation data) were used in this study. Typically, for SZA = 60.0 ± 0.5° WVRE values are around − 82 and − 66 Wm−2 (first and third quartile), although it can reach up − 100 Wm−2 or decrease to − 39 Wm−2. A power dependence of WVRE on IWV and cosine of solar zenith angle (SZA) was found by an empirical fit. This relation is used to determine the water vapor radiative efficiency (WVEFF = ∂WVRE/∂IWV). Obtained WVEFF values range from − 9 and 0 Wm−2 mm−1 (− 2.2 and 0% mm−1 in relative terms). It is observed that WVEFF decreases as IWV increases, but also as SZA increases. On the other hand, when relative WVEFF is calculated from normalized WVRE, an increase of SZA results in an increase of relative WVEFF. Heating rates were also calculated, ranging from 0.2 Kday−1 to 1.7 Kday−1. WVRE was also calculated at top of atmosphere, where values ranged from 4 Wm−2 to 37 Wm−

Comparison of integrated water vapor from GNSS and radiosounding at four GRUAN stations

Integrated water vapor (IWV) data from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and radiosounding (RS) are compared over four sites (Lindenberg, Ny-Ålesund, Lauder and Sodankylä), which are part of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN). Both datasets show an excellent agreement, with a high degree of correlation (R2 over 0.98). Dependences of GNSS-RS differences on several variables are studied in detail. Mean bias error (MBE) and standard deviation (SD) increase with IWV, but in relative term, these variables decrease as IWV increases. The dependence on solar zenith angle (SZA) is partially related to the distribution of IWV with SZA, but the increase of SD for low SZA could be associated with errors in the humidity sensor. Large surface pressures worsen performance, which could be due to the fact that low IWV is typically present in high pressure situations. Cloud cover shows a weak influence on the mentioned MBE and SD. The horizontal displacement of radiosondes generally causes SD to increase and MBE to decrease (increase without sign), as it could be expected. The results point out that GNSS measurements are useful to analyze performance to other instruments measuring IWV.Support from the Junta de Extremadura (Research Group Grants GR15137) is gratefully acknowledged. Work at Universidad de Valladolid is supported by project CMT2015-66742-R

Validation of integrated water vapor from OMI satellite instrument against reference GPS data at the Iberian Peninsula

This paper shows the validation of integrated water vapor (IWV) measurements retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), using as reference nine ground-based GPS stations in the Iberian Peninsula. The study period covers from 2007 to 2009. The influence of two factors, - solar zenith angle (SZA) and IWV -, on OMI-GPS differences was studied in detail, as well as the seasonal dependence. The pseudomedian of the relative differences is −1 ± 1% and the inter-quartile range (IQR) is 41%. Linear regressions calculated over each station show an acceptable agreement (R2 up to 0.77). The OMI-GPS differences display a clear dependence on IWV values. Hence, OMI substantially overestimates the lower IWV data recorded by GPS (∼40%), while underestimates the higher IWV reference values (∼20%). In connection to this IWV dependence, the relative differences also show an evident SZA dependence when the whole range of IWV values are analyzed (OMI overestimates for high SZA values while underestimates for low values). Finally, the seasonal variation of the OMI-GPS differences is also associated with the strong IWV dependence found in this validation exercise.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through project CGL2014-56255-C2. Manuel Antón thanks Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Fondo Social Europeo (RYC-2011-08345) for the award of a postdoctoral grant (Ramón y Cajal). Support from the Junta de Extremadura (Research Group Grants GR15137) is gratefully acknowledged. Work at Universidad de Valladolid is supported by project CMT2015-66742-R. Work at Universidad de Granada was supported by the Andalusia Regional Government (project P12-RNM-2409) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds under the projects CGL2013-45410-R and “Juan de la Cierva-Formación” program. Work at SAO is supported by NASA’s Atmospheric Composition: Aura Science Team program (sponsor contract number NNX14AF56G). Work at Universidade de Évora is co-funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund, included in the COMPETE 2020 (Operational Program Competitiveness and Internationalization) through the ICT project (UID/GEO/04683/2013) with the reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690

Anemonia sulcata and Its Symbiont Symbiodinium as a Source of Anti-Tumor and Anti-Oxoxidant Compounds for Colon Cancer Therapy: A Preliminary in Vitro Study

Simple Summary: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer in the population. Recently, invertebrate marine animals have been investigated for the presence of natural products which can damage tumor cells, prevent their spread to other tissues or avoid cancer develop. We analyzed the anemone Anemonia sulcata with and without the presence of its microalgal symbiont (Symbiodinium) as a source of bioactive molecules for the colorectal cancer therapy and prevention. Colon cancer tumor cells were exposed to Anemone extracts observing a remarkable cell death and a great antioxidant capacity. These preliminary results support that Anemonia sulcata could be a source of bioactive compounds against colorectal cancer and that the absence of its symbiont may enhance these properties. Further studies will be necessary to define the bioactive compounds of Anemonia sulcata and their mechanisms of action. Abstract: Recently, invertebrate marine species have been investigated for the presence of natural products with antitumor activity. We analyzed the invertebrate Anemonia sulcata with (W) and without (W/O) the presence of its microalgal symbiont Symbiodinium as a source of bioactive compounds that may be applied in the therapy and/or prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). Animals were mechanically homogenized and subjected to ethanolic extraction. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined. In addition, an in vitro digestion was performed to study the potentially dialyzable fraction. The antioxidant and antitumor activity of the samples and the digestion products were analyzed in CRC cells in vitro. Our results show a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acid in the anemone and a great antioxidant capacity, which demonstrated the ability to prevent cell death and a high antitumor activity of the crude homogenates against CRC cells and multicellular tumor spheroids, especially W/O symbiont. These preliminary results support that Anemonia sulcata could be a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antitumor potential against CRC and that the absence of its symbiont may enhance these properties. Further studies will be necessary to define the bioactive compounds of Anemonia sulcata and their mechanisms of action.International Excellence Campus of the Sea (CEI.MAR) CEIJ-007 CEIJ-001

Bioavailability and biotransformation of linolenic acid from basil seed oil as a novel source of omega-3 fatty acids tested on a rat experimental model

Basil is an aromatic herb with a high concentration of bioactive compounds. The oil extracted from its seeds is a good source of α-linolenic acid (ALA) and also provides substantial amounts of linoleic acid (LA). This study aimed to test the bioavailability of the oil derived from basil seeds and its effects on different physiological parameters using 7–15% dietary inclusion levels. Furthermore, the assimilation of LA and ALA and their transformation in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) have been studied. Digestive utilization of total fat from basil seed oil (BSO) was high and similar to that of olive oil used as a control. Consumption of BSO resulted in increased LA and ALA levels of the plasma, liver, and erythrocyte membrane. In addition, the transformation of LA to arachidonic acid (ARA) was decreased by the high dietary intake of ALA which redirected the pathway of the Δ-6 desaturase enzyme towards the transformation of ALA into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). No alterations of hematological and plasma biochemical parameters were found for the 7 and 10% dietary inclusion levels of BSO, whereas a decrease in the platelet count and an increase in total- and HDL-cholesterol as well as plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were found for a 15% BSO dose. In conclusion, BSO is a good source of ALA to be transformed into EPA and decrease the precursor of the pro-inflammatory molecule ARA. This effect on the levels of EPA in different tissues offers potential for its use as a dietary supplement, novel functional food, or a constituent of nutraceutical formulations to treat different pathologies.Spanish GovernmentEuropean Commission PTQ-17-09172 RTC-2017-6540-1 RTI2018-100934-B-I00 RTC2019-006870-1Andalusian Government AGR145 CTS164 CTS-10

Antitumor Effect of the Ethanolic Extract from Seeds of Euphorbia lathyris in Colorectal Cancer

The seeds of Euphorbia lathyris have been used in traditional medicine to treat various medical conditions. However, neither all of their active biocompounds nor the molecular mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects have been described. A new ethanolic extract of defatted flour from mature seeds of Euphorbia lathyris showed a high total polyphenol content and significant antioxidant activity. Chromatographic analysis showed that esculetin, euphorbetin, gaultherin, and kaempferol-3-rutinoside were the most abundant polyphenolic bioactive compounds. Antiproliferative assays showed a high and selective antitumor activity against colon cancer cell lines (T84 and HCT-15). In addition, a significant antiproliferative activity against glioblastoma multiforme cells was also demonstrated. Its mechanism of action to induce cell death was mediated by the overexpression of caspases 9, 3, and 8, and by activation of autophagy. Interestingly, a reduction in the migration capacity of colon cancer cells and a significant antiangiogenic effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells were also demonstrated. Finally, the extract significantly reduced the subpopulations of cancer stem cells. This extract could be the basis to develop new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of colon cancer, although further experiments will be necessary to determine its in vivo effects.Granada University (project PSE/17/002), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (project RTC-2017-6540-1) and by the CTS-107 and AGR145 Groups