Information Parameters of Electrical Quantities of the Transient for Determining the Single-Phase Earth Fault Location in Сable Medium-Voltage Systems

Rapid fault determination of single-phase earth fault (SPEF) and SPEF location on the line are extremely important for the speedy elimination of damage and restoring normal operation of the power supply. Effective methods of SPEF determination on the cable lines under voltage do not still exist in medium voltage networks. The electrical values of the transition process that occurs during the breakdown of the insulation can be used for solving the problem of determining the place of single-phase including self-eliminating faults. The best method to study the electromagnetic transients at SPEF in medium-voltage networks and to identify the information parameters, which can be used for distant SPEF determination, is a combination of analytical methods on the basis of simplified models of the electrical networks and the method of computer simulation

Modeling of magnetization reversal processes in magnetic circuits of measuring transformers

The article describes methods for modeling transient regimes in current and voltage transformers. In most studies measuring transformers are modeled in a stationary mode to determine their metrological characteristics. However, for safe uninterrupted operation of transformers and electrical networks it is necessary to carry out their research in dynamic mode. In particular, the study of the transformers stability to the ferroresonant phenomena occurring during switching of high voltage switches is of practical interest. An algorithm for calculating transient processes in transformers allows to combine field models developed in the software package COMSOL Multiphysics and circuit models developed in the programming environment MATLAB. Special focus is on the approximation of the magnetization curve of transformers. The mathematical and simulation models allow us to investigate transient and steadystate regimes of transformers connected to the external electrical circuits

Phenological shifts of abiotic events, producers and consumers across a continent

Ongoing climate change can shift organism phenology in ways that vary depending on species, habitats and climate factors studied. To probe for large-scale patterns in associated phenological change, we use 70,709 observations from six decades of systematic monitoring across the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Among 110 phenological events related to plants, birds, insects, amphibians and fungi, we find a mosaic of change, defying simple predictions of earlier springs, later autumns and stronger changes at higher latitudes and elevations. Site mean temperature emerged as a strong predictor of local phenology, but the magnitude and direction of change varied with trophic level and the relative timing of an event. Beyond temperature-associated variation, we uncover high variation among both sites and years, with some sites being characterized by disproportionately long seasons and others by short ones. Our findings emphasize concerns regarding ecosystem integrity and highlight the difficulty of predicting climate change outcomes. The authors use systematic monitoring across the former USSR to investigate phenological changes across taxa. The long-term mean temperature of a site emerged as a strong predictor of phenological change, with further imprints of trophic level, event timing, site, year and biotic interactions.Peer reviewe

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe

Using of non-traditional current and voltage sensors for the fault location

The article describes the possibilities of using the non-traditional current and voltage sensors to solve the problem of fault location in terms of digital transformers developed at the Ivanovo State Power Engineering University (ISPEU). Frequency and metrological characteristics of current and voltage sensors are given

Increase of Accuracy of the Fault Location Methods for Overhead Electrical Power Lines

The high-voltage power lines are quite often damaged parts of the energy system. Line outage is always accompanied by undersupply of energy and decrease of reliability, cost, and quality of electric supply. That is why one of the important tasks of line maintenance is quick looking for location of the damage and organization of the rehabilitation. The main part of this work includes development and research of the methods and algorithms for fault location based on one-sided measurement and the ways to increase their accuracy. This type of measurement uses signals from digital current and voltage transformers as input. The influence of the basic distorting factors on the accuracy of the fault location determination methods is also considered

Using of non-traditional current and voltage sensors for the fault location

The article describes the possibilities of using the non-traditional current and voltage sensors to solve the problem of fault location in terms of digital transformers developed at the Ivanovo State Power Engineering University (ISPEU). Frequency and metrological characteristics of current and voltage sensors are given

LONG-TERM FORECASTING OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article devoted to development and implementation of long-term forecast of the development of public infrastructure in the Russian Federation and its integration into the system of strategic planning. The life cycle of many infrastructure objects (transport, energy, social, etc.) is tens and hundreds of years (railways, sea and river ports, airports, etc.). Various forms and models of public-private partnership are in demand during their creation or modernization in the conditions of objective budget constraints. Business needs state benchmarks for long term planning and development of public infrastructure for harmonization and alignment with the strategies, forecasts, programmes and plans. In achieving the goals of effective infrastructure development, it is impossible to rely only on market regulation tools, they are not optimal in terms of choosing development priorities. As a rule, the business community chooses to participate exclusively in the most cost-effective projects, which does not solve the problems of integrated development of public infrastructure. Strategic planning can and should play a crucial role in overcoming this contradiction. The state, on the one hand, should have a clear idea of the objective state of the development of public infrastructure at the moment and in the long term, and on the other hand, based on this information, to make an informed choice of development priorities

Innovative potential of "digital methodology" in the training of personnel of nuclear industry enterprises

The article considers the first stage of designing diversification of professional retraining programs for employees of the nuclear industry in the conditions of digital transformation of the industry. The article justifies the new digital approaches to personnel training. At the project development stage, the general methodological foundations of digital disciplines in knowledge production were established in the form of a "digital methodology," the core of which is the knowledge paradigm of technoscience. The potential of "digital methodology" leads to the development of the mental, social, organizational resources of workers. The worldview platform of the project made it possible to formulate guidelines for the formation of competencies in the diversification of the professional retraining program: the development of critical and analytical thinking, technological literacy, personal growth, communicative initiative, and social responsibility. The authors note that the recognition of the methodological reflection of digital technologies is presented in the publications of researchers in various scientific fields, while the practice of foreign research is more advanced in the development of a quantitative assessment of qualitative indicators, and the domestic tradition is focused on the cognitive aspect of digitalization. But the convergence of approaches is manifested in the diversity of digital learning practices

Functional Analysis of the PCCA and PCCB Gene Variants Predicted to Affect Splicing

It is estimated that up to one-third of all variants causing inherited diseases affect splicing; however, their deleterious effects and roles in disease pathogenesis are often not fully characterized. Given their prevalence and the development of various antisense-based splice-modulating approaches, pathogenic splicing variants have become an important object of genomic medicine. To improve the accuracy of variant interpretation in public mutation repositories, we applied the minigene splicing assay to study the effects of 24 variants that were predicted to affect normal splicing in the genes associated with propionic acidemia (PA)—PCCA and PCCB. As a result, 13 variants (including one missense and two synonymous variants) demonstrated a significant alteration of splicing with the predicted deleterious effect at the protein level and were characterized as spliceogenic loss-of-function variants. The analysis of the available data for the studied variants and application of the American College of Medical Genetics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines allowed us to precisely classify five of the variants and change the pathogenic status of nine. Using the example of the PA genes, we demonstrated the utility of the minigene splicing assay in the fast and effective assessment of the spliceogenic effect for identified variants and highlight the necessity of their standardized classification