Biopolymer- and Lipid-Based Carriers for the Delivery of Plant-Based Ingredients

: Natural ingredients are gaining increasing attention from manufacturers following consumers' concerns about the excessive use of synthetic ingredients. However, the use of natural extracts or molecules to achieve desirable qualities throughout the shelf life of foodstuff and, upon consumption, in the relevant biological environment is severely limited by their poor performance, especially with respect to solubility, stability against environmental conditions during product manufacturing, storage, and bioavailability upon consumption. Nanoencapsulation can be seen as an attractive approach with which to overcome these challenges. Among the different nanoencapsulation systems, lipids and biopolymer-based nanocarriers have emerged as the most effective ones because of their intrinsic low toxicity following their formulation with biocompatible and biodegradable materials. The present review aims to provide a survey of the recent advances in nanoscale carriers, formulated with biopolymers or lipids, for the encapsulation of natural compounds and plant extracts

Fiaud’s Acid, a novel organocatalyst for diastereoselective bis α-aminophosphonates synthesis with in-vitro biological evaluation of antifungal, antioxidant and enzymes inhibition potential

International audienceFiaud's acid is used as a novel and effective chiral organocatalyst for bis α-aminophosphonates synthesis with excellent diastereoselectivity and yields within short reaction time. All synthesized bis αaminophosphonates revealed a good to excellent antifungal capacity, where the six compounds 4a, 4b, 4e, 4h, 4k and 4l are the best fungicide inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea by 65% to 84% with IC50 values less than 0.02 mg/mL. Similarly, these six products exhibited a strong antioxidant effect, whereas a low inhibition activity was obtained with both AChE and BChE. Furthermore, they displayed a very weak inhibitory activity against tyrosinase except for the compound 4l. These findings suggest a possible use of these compounds as synthetic pesticides with less hazardous effects with antioxidant, and anti-tyrosinase properties

Phenolic contents and in vitro antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory effects of leaves and roots extracts of the halophyte Limonium delicatulum

Limonium delicatulum is a halophyte growing in extreme conditions and therefore constituted a possible source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, total phenolic, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified. DPPH, ABTS, Galvinoxyl radical (GOR), CUPRAC, reducing power, O-phenanthroline, silver nanoparticle, and b-carotene bleaching assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. The inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and denaturation of BSA were also investigated. The results showed that extraction solvent, as well as plant organ, significantly influenced the contents of phenolic compounds. Methanolic roots extract contained the highest phenolic content with a value of 772.52 § 5.12 mg GAE/mg consisting mainly of condensed tannins (678.87 § 0.11 mg EC/mg of extract), while methanolic leaves extract recorded the highest content of flavonoids (212.77 § 1.19 mg QE/mg extract). Methanolic extracts with high phenolic contents exerted the strongest antioxidant activity compared to the aqueous extracts. Moreover, methanolic roots extract exhibited high tyrosinase inhibition ability with an IC50 of 9.87 § 0.15 mg/ml better than that of methanolic leaves extract and kojic acid (24.77 § 0.5 and 25.23 § 0.21 mg/ml, respectively), The studied extracts also inhibited the denaturation of BSA in dose-dependent manner. Methanol extracts presented higher inhibition percentages than aqueous extracts and similar to that obtained with diclofenac sodium. L. delicatulum can be considered as a promising source of therapeutic bioactive compounds

Biological activities and phytochemical content of essential oil and methanol extracts of Ferula lutea (poir.) maire growing in Algeria

Discovery of several natural products, isolated from medicinal plants, contribute to avoid the resistance of patho- genic microorganisms to antibiotics. This work aims to study the chemical composition as well the effects of es- sential oils (EOs), aqueous methanol crude extracts (CrE) and their fractions obtained from Ferula lutea aerial parts from two different regions (Ain Abessa and Amoucha) in Sétif, Eastern Algeria. Cholinesterase (ChE) in- hibitory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of this plant was tested.The results showed that the main com- ponents of F. lutea EOs were δ-3-carene, α-pinene, and limonene and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate. Results showed that total phenolic contents were particularly abundant in butanol (BuE) and CrE extracts of two stations. Con- cerning the antimicrobial activity, obtained inhibition zones varied from 6.00 to 24.66 mm where the wider one was recorded for the EOs of fruits and umbels from Ain Abessa against B. cereus and E. coli. EOs (fruits and um- bels) from Ain Abessa and fruits from Amoucha also showed a strong inhibitory effect against ACh. Unlike, EOs from Amoucha showed lower inhibition abilities. In DPPH assay, ethyl acetate (EAE) and BuE extracts from Ain Abessa and Amoucha exhibited the highest activity. while in CUPRAC assay, the highest effect was recorded for EAE and BuE extracts. Finally, results of reducing power showed that EAE from Ain Abessa and BuE from Amoucha had the highest activity. Unlike, aqueous extracts showed no activity (IC50˃200 μg/ml). Ferula lutea ex- tracts have potential source of natural agent for neurodegenerative disorders

New promising generation of phosphates α-aminophosphonates: Design, synthesis, in-vitro biological evaluation and computational study

A novel category of phosphate-phosphonate compounds is synthesized by a sequence multicomponent reactions strategy of Kabachnik-Fields and Atherton-Todd reactions. All the designed products are obtained with good chemical yields in short reaction times, and confirmed by spectroscopy analyses. The diethyl [(4-diethylphosphate phenyl) (4-trifluoromethyl phenylamino) methyl] phosphonate 6g is characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. These compounds exhibited a strong antifungal effect, a low inhibition of AChE, and no inhibitory activity on BChE, with interesting antioxidant capacity. Results make them promising candidates as original organophosphorus pesticides. The DFT calculations concerning relative stability of various conformers, besides the comparison of the measured and calculated NMR spectra of selected compounds; suggest that conformational interconversion can quite easily occur in this type of molecules, so that many structures of the same compound can coexist in solution