DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AS A TOOL OF SYSTEM CHANGES IN THE TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

Purpose: Social and cultural prerequisites of Russia’s transition to an open information society have predetermined new requirements for graduates of modern educational organizations, ready for communicative activities in a digital educational environment. Informatization of education is characterized by increasing virtualization of the educational process and, as a consequence, the predominance of fragmented thinking, and increase in the gap between traditional and innovative educational technologies. Methodology: The basis of the digital educational environment in the context of the use of knowledge management technologies can be specialized knowledge management systems that combine knowledge of related scientific disciplines, which should provide integration, accumulation, and support, as well as the organization of access to knowledge of the educational environment. A distinctive feature of the development of mankind at the present stage is the transition to information society in which information and information processes are becoming one of the most important components of human life and society. Result: The development of the global process of informatization of society leads to the formation of not only the new information environment for people but also new, information way of their life and professional activities. Many researchers as the most acute problem of modern education called the mismatch of software, including for educational purposes, to high technical characteristics of computers, resulting in extremely low efficiency of computer use in training. Critically assessing the effectiveness of the existing software of the educational process and the ways of its development, we see the prospects for a radical change in the situation in the orientation to the use of knowledge management technologies that use software products that can be changed, adapting to the needs of the user and, in particular, to the didactic tasks of training. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Digital Educational Environment as a Tool of System Changes in the Teacher’s Professional Activity is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

ESTIMATION OF RADIATION EXPOSURE TO THE ORAL MUCOSA DURING SUPERFICIAL RADIOTHERAPY OF CANCER OF THE LOWER LIP USING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the shielding of leaded rubber plates in superficial radiotherapy of lower lip cancer of stage I–II. Material and methods. A comparison was made of the timing and severity of oral mucosa and alveolar ridge damage in patients who used and did not use personal protective equipment. Experimental studies were carried out using a tissue-equivalent phantom and thermoluminescent detectors LiF activated by Mg and Ti. The summary doses received by the alveolar are calculated. Results and discussion. The total dose of X-ray radiation to the alveolar ridge in the absence of shielding is 64, 38 and 16 Gy for 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 cm thick lip, respectively. The obtained values of the absorbed doses with personal protective equipment indicate a high shielding ability of the lead rubber used in the clinic. The use of shielding devices for superficial radiotherapy of lower lip cancer can improve the quality of life, reduces the duration and severity of radiation damage

Связь показателей когнитивного стиля «импульсивность/ рефлексивность» со степенью склонности к интернет-зависимому поведению у старшеклассников

Aim. To study the relationship between parameters of the impulsivity – reflexivity cognitive style and the level of Internet addiction among high school students.Materials and methods. 154 students from general education institutions aged 16–17 years were diagnosed using the J. Kagan’s reflection – impulsivity test and the Chen Internet Addiction Scale. The one-way analysis of variance was used, followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons using the Tukey’s test.Results. An inverse relationship between the level of Internet addiction and decision latency in a multiple-choice situation and a direct relationship between the level of Internet addiction and the number of errors in the J. Kagan’s reflection – impulsivity test were revealed.Conclusion. High school students with propensity to Internet addiction tend to have the impulsive cognitive style, while students without such a tendency – the reflective style. In cognitive activity, the impulsive cognitive style is generally less productive than the reflexive one. The impulsive cognitive style is similar to the so-called clip thinking, which allows to consider the relationship between Internet addiction and this phenomenon through the prism of cognitive and style features.Цель – изучение связи характеристик когнитивного стиля «импульсивность/рефлексивность» с уровнем интернет-зависимости у старшеклассников.Материалы и методы. Проведена диагностика 154 обучающихся общеобразовательных учреждений 16– 17 лет посредством теста Дж. Кагана для определения показателей когнитивного стиля «импульсивность/ рефлексивность» и теста «Шкала склонности к интернет-зависимому поведению» С. Чена. Использовался однофакторный дисперсионный анализ с последующими попарными апостериорными сравнениями критерием Тьюки.Результаты. Установлено наличие обратной связи между уровнем интернет-зависимости и латентным временем принятия решения в ситуации множественного выбора и прямой связи между уровнем интернет-зависимости и количеством ошибок в тесте Дж. Кагана.Заключение. Старшеклассники со склонностью к интернет-зависимости тяготеют к импульсивному типу по исследованному когнитивному стилю, без таковой склонности – к рефлексивному типу. В познавательной деятельности использование импульсивного когнитивного стиля в целом менее продуктивно, чем рефлексивного. Импульсивный когнитивный стиль обнаруживает черты сходства с так называемым клиповым мышлением, что позволяет рассматривать связь интернет-зависимости с этим явлением через призму когнитивно-стилевых особенностей.

Pulmonary Vascular Thrombosis in COVID-19: Clinical and Morphological Parallels

Aim. We aimed to study the histological and thrombotic changes in lung vessels in patients who died with COVID-19, to access the correlation between anticoagulation therapy (ACT) and thrombotic events (TE), treatment results, clinical and laboratory patients' characteristics.Material and Methods. We retrospectively analyzed treatment results of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and lung vessel samples of the deceased patients. Dynamic changes and highest levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen were studied in its correlation with the disease severity according to SOFA score, computer tomographic (CT) results, lung, renal and hepatic dysfunction. The association between different doses of ACT and treatment results, laboratory indicators and thrombotic events was accessed. The histological lung vessels examination was performed using Martius Scarlet Blue (MSB)staining.Results. 313 patients were included in the study (61 patients died). The median age of hospitalized patients was 60 years (IQR 51-66 years). The frequency of the intravitallyconfirmed TE was 4,8%. The strong statistical association was revealed between D-dimer level and 3-4 points SOFA score, patients' mortality, oxygen support requirement, CT3-CT4 pneumonia, glomerular filtration rate and TE. There was no mortality in patients with D-dimer normal references, but in cases with three times elevation reached 13%, 48,5% - in cases with 3-6 times elevation and 64,6% - in cases with more than 6 times elevation. The strong statistical association was registered between fibrinogen and SOFA score, CT 3-4 pneumonia, patients' mortality. D-dimer and fibrinogen levels demonstrated weak correlation. There was no statistical correlation between prophylactic, intermediate and therapeutic ACT and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels, CT results, patients' mortality. MSBstaining was used in 36 deceased patients tissue samples. 1394 lung vessels were analyzed. Lung vessels thrombi persisted in samples of all 36 patients (100%). Vessels with the diameter 3,5-30 mm were thrombosed in 7%, with the diameter 0,034-0,84 mm - in 48%, with the diameter 0,85-3,4 mm - in 45%. The frequency of thrombi persisted 06 hours, 6-12 hours, 12-18hours, 18-24 hours and more than 24 hours was12%, 14%, 62%, 5% and 7% respectively.Conclusion. Thrombi of different ages from fresh to organized were observed in one third of lung vessels in all deceased patients. Lung vessels thrombosis plays an important role in pathogenesis and thanatogenesis of COVID-19. The D-dimer level correlates with lung, renal dysfunction, patients' mortality and doesn't show any correlation with ACT and can be accepted as a criterion of lung vessel thrombotic progression

Pathways of carbon and energy metabolism of the epibiotic community associated with the deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimp Rimicaris exoculata

© The Authors, 2011. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 6 (2011): e16018, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016018.The shrimp Rimicaris exoculata dominates the faunal biomass at many deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. In its enlarged gill chamber it harbors a specialized epibiotic bacterial community for which a nutritional role has been proposed. We analyzed specimens from the Snake Pit hydrothermal vent field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge by complementing a 16S rRNA gene survey with the analysis of genes involved in carbon, sulfur and hydrogen metabolism. In addition to Epsilon- and Gammaproteobacteria, the epibiotic community unexpectedly also consists of Deltaproteobacteria of a single phylotype, closely related to the genus Desulfocapsa. The association of these phylogenetic groups with the shrimp was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Based on functional gene analyses, we hypothesize that the Gamma- and Epsilonproteobacteria are capable of autotrophic growth by oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds, and that the Deltaproteobacteria are also involved in sulfur metabolism. In addition, the detection of proteobacterial hydrogenases indicates the potential for hydrogen oxidation in these communities. Interestingly, the frequency of these phylotypes in 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from the mouthparts differ from that of the inner lining of the gill chamber, indicating potential functional compartmentalization. Our data show the specific association of autotrophic bacteria with Rimicaris exoculata from the Snake Pit hydrothermal vent field, and suggest that autotrophic carbon fixation is contributing to the productivity of the epibiotic community with the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle as one important carbon fixation pathway. This has not been considered in previous studies of carbon fixation and stable carbon isotope composition of the shrimp and its epibionts. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of sulfur-oxidizing and sulfur-reducing epibionts raises the possibility that both may be involved in the syntrophic exchange of sulfur compounds, which could increase the overall efficiency of this epibiotic community.Funding was provided through NSF grant OCE-0452333 and the Alfried Krupp Wissenschaftskolleg Greifswald, Germany (SMS), the Max Planck Society, the German Research Foundation (DFG) Cluster of Excellence at Marum, and MOMARnet (ND, JMP), and IFM-GEOMAR (MH, JFI)

Features of motivational structure of civil activity of teenagers with different status of civil identity

Introduction: the article presents the results of the research of the structure of motivation of civic activity of adolescents at different stages of the formation of civic consciousness. Civil identity is a stable basis of civil society and has the strategic importance for the successful future of the Russian state. In modern conditions authoritarian principles of socialization institutions are no longer acceptable. It is necessary to look for ways of formation of civil activity through mechanisms of internal motivation of the person.Materials and methods: the author's questionnaire was used to determine the status of civil identity of adolescents. To determine the motivation of civic activity, the method of identifying the motivational structure of socially useful activities of a teenager developed by O. V. Lishin on the basis of the LMT test by V. Hennig was used. The mathematical analysis of structural connections between motives was carried out by means of calculation of coefficients of rank correlation of Spearman.The results of the research: the following features of changes in the motivation of civil activity in the transition from lower status of civil identity (diffuse and assigned) to a higher (achieved): there is a decrease in the integration between individual motives and, accordingly, a decrease in their activity in the mechanisms of regulation of civil behavior; correlation between group motives reflect the dynamics of changes in the perception of high school students of the social environment as part of civil society; the integration of social motives and their differentiation in relation to motives of other types is revealed; there is a reduction and change in the content of correlations between motives of different types, which gives different meanings to the manifestation of civil activity at different levels of formation of civil identity.Discussion and conclusions: in the process of formation of civic consciousness in the transition from the lower status of civic identity (diffuse and assigned) to a higher (achieved) there is a change in the content of structural ties of motives and differentiation of the structure of motivation of civic activity of adolescents

Neural network model for predicting the level of residual knowledge of the subjects of study

The task is to build a neural network model depending on residual knowledge the trainees with whom they come into the labor market. Neural network model makes it possible with enough precision to predict the level of professional training according to their individual abilities

IMPORTANCE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN THE ORAL CAVITY [ZNAČAJ MIKRONUTRIJENATA U USNOJ DUPLJI]

Micronutrients play a potent role in the functioning of the different systems of the organism. It is necessary to sustain an adequate status of the micronutrients for maintaining the optimal condition of the oral cavity. Deficiency of vitamin B12, potassium, copper, selenium and fluorine increases the risk of dental caries. Usually, people suffering from chronic inflammatory bowel disease lack vitamin B12 and potassium, while patients withchronic kidney failure lose a lot of selenium, so they are likely to have dental caries. Vitamins C, B9, E, calcium, zinc, copper and iron have antiinflammatory properties and act as antioxidants as well. Lack of these micronutrients is the main culprit for the development of periodontitis. Deficiency of vitamins C and B9 increases bleeding of the gums and interrupt the normal process of collagen formation. People with chronic inflammatory bowel disease as well as children and pregnant/breastfeeding women usually lack these vitamins. Vitamins D, C, E, A, iron, zinc, copper and selenium are necessary for the adequate functioning of the immune system. Those who are prone to deficiencies in these micronutrients should especially carefully follow uppreventive measures against oral infections. Finally, vitamin D and calcium are required for the normal development of hard tissues of the organism. Their deficiency not only impedes mineral metabolism in dentine and enamel but also decreases the mineral density of the bones. This leads to decreased anchoring capability of the alveoli and may result in tooth loss. © 2021 Medicinski fakultet Niš. Klinika za stomatologiju Niš. Sva prava zadržana. All Rights Reserved