Consenso colombiano para el manejo de pacientes con Hipofosfatasia

La hipofosfatasia (HPP) es una enfermedad metabólica, de tipo hereditario, causada por mutaciones en el gen ALPL. Teniendo en cuenta los retos del manejo adecuado de los pacientes con HPP, se realizó un consenso interdisciplinario de expertos (endocrocrinólogos pediatras, nefrólogos pediatras, ortopedistas infantiles y genetistas clínicos) con el fin de proponer recomendaciones de utilidad clínica para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes colombianos con HPP. Estas sugerencias se realizan en el contexto de los diferentes tipos de presentaciones y las edades de los pacientes.Q41-7Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a hereditary metabolic disease caused by mutations in the ALPL gene. Taking into account the challenges found in the adequate management of patients with HPP, an interdisciplinary consensus of experts (pediatric endocrinologists, pediatric nephrologists, pediatric orthopedists and clinical geneticists) was carried out, in order to propose recommendations of clinical utility for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of Colombian patients with HPP. These suggestions are made in the context of the different types of presentations and the ages of the patients

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Fijador con soporte y modificación de la valva de Balfour

Se describe y muestra un instrumento que fija la valva de Balfour en el hemiabdomen superior para su uso en múltiples operaciones, constituido por un fijador, un soporte y la modificación realizada a la valva de Balfour, y tiene como ventajas la garantía de una mejor realización de la técnica quirúrgica, la mejoría del campo operatorio y la eliminación de un ayudante en la mesa de operaciones. Este separador fue ideado para utilizarse en el hemiabdomen superior, no obstante puede emplearse en cualquier parte del abdomen. La propuesta ha sido utilizada en 30 pacientes y fue satisfactorio su empleo en todos éstos y aceptados por todos los cirujanos. Se presentó una complicación representada por un cuadro de neuritis intercostal en el paciente operado de neoplasia de curvatura esplénica del colon. Consideramos que por las ventajas que presenta el instrumento debe ser ampliado a otras unidades hospitalarias de CubaA surgical implement which fixes Balfour's valva to the upper hemiabdomen is described and shown for its using in other surgery. It is made up of a fixator, a bracket and the modification of Balfour's valva and it exhibits advantages such as: a better guaranteed surgical technique, improvement of surgical field and elimination of one assistant at surgery. This separator was devised to be used in the upper hemiabdomen but it may be employed in other abdomen sections. The proposed implement has been used in 30 patients with satisfactory outcome and accepted by all surgeons. A complication related to intercostal neuritis affected a patient who was operated from colon splenial curvature neoplasm. We consider that the advantages of this implement allows it to be extended to other hospitals in the countr