46 research outputs found
Manipulating attentional load in sequence learning through random number generation
Implicit learning is often assumed to be an effortless process. However, some
artificial grammar learning and sequence learning studies using dual tasks seem
to suggest that attention is essential for implicit learning to occur. This
discrepancy probably results from the specific type of secondary task that is
used. Different secondary tasks may engage attentional resources differently and
therefore may bias performance on the primary task in different ways. Here, we
used a random number generation (RNG) task, which may allow for a closer
monitoring of a participant’s engagement in a secondary task than the popular
secondary task in sequence learning studies: tone counting (TC). In the first
two experiments, we investigated the interference associated with performing RNG
concurrently with a serial reaction time (SRT) task. In a third experiment, we
compared the effects of RNG and TC. In all three experiments, we directly
evaluated participants’ knowledge of the sequence with a subsequent sequence
generation task. Sequence learning was consistently observed in all experiments,
but was impaired under dual-task conditions. Most importantly, our data suggest
that RNG is more demanding and impairs learning to a greater extent than TC.
Nevertheless, we failed to observe effects of the secondary task in subsequent
sequence generation. Our studies indicate that RNG is a promising task to
explore the involvement of attention in the SRT task
From principles to practices: Open Science at Europe’s universities. 2020-2021 EUA Open Science Survey results
This report presents the outcomes of the 2020-2021 EUA Open Science Survey and provides evidencebased recommendations for institutions, researchers, research funders and policymakers on the transition towards Open Science. The 2020-2021 EUA Open Science Survey focused on the level of development of Open Science in Europe‘s universities, addressing the role of Open Science in institutions’ strategic priorities and its implementation in institutional practices. In addition, the survey transversally addressed both the established (Open Access, research data) and emerging (e.g. citizen science, open education) fields of Open Science. This survey was open to all interested European higher academic institutions from October 2020 until January 2021, having gathered a total of 272 valid responses from institutions in 36 European countries. Most of the sample are comprehensive institutions (64%), followed by specialist (e.g. medical sciences, music, art schools) and technical universities, which both represent 13% of the sample. The full anonymised dataset of the survey is available in the Open Access repository Zenodo
Relationships between consciousness and control in sequence learning: an integrated approach
Pourquoi agissons-nous dans certaines circonstances de manière irrépressible ?Nos actes doivent-ils pour autant être considérés comme inconscients ?Peut-on apprendre inconsciemment ?La conscience et le contrôle peuvent-ils être dissociés? Ces questions ont été abordées dans le cadre de ma thèse de doctorat.Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Advances and issues: Some thoughts about controversial questions
SCOPUS: ch.binfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Cognitive demand does not influence the responsiveness of homonymous Ia afferents pathway during postural dual task in young and elderly adults
Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the influence of a cognitive task on the responsiveness of the homonymous Ia afferents pathway during upright standing in young and elderly adults. Methods: Twelve young and twelve elderly adults stood upright on a foam surface positioned over a force platform, and performed a colour-naming test (cognitive task) with two cognitive loads: congruent and incongruent colour conditions. The rate of correct response in naming colour (accuracy) and associated reaction time (RT) were recorded for the cognitive task. The excursion of the centre of pressure and surface electromyogramme (EMG) of leg muscles were measured. Modulation in the efficacy of homonymous Ia afferents to discharge spinal motor neurones was assessed by means of the Hoffmann (H) reflex method. Results: The accuracy and RT were similar in the congruent condition between young and elderly adults (p > 0.05), and increased for both age groups in the incongruent condition, but more so for elderly adults (p = 0.014). In contrast, the H reflex amplitude did not change with the cognitive load. The excursions of the centre of pressure in the sagittal plane and muscle EMG did not vary with colour conditions in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates a lack of modulation in the efficacy of group Ia afferent to activate soleus motor neurones with the cognitive demand of a concurrent task during upright standing in young and elderly adults. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Cognitive control: exploring the role of inner speech in sequence learning
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
What does aging tell us about consciousness and cognitive control?
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe