Numerical Simulations of a Co-Axial Supersonic-Combusting Free-Jet Experiment

CFD calculations using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations coupled with species continuity equations have been made for a supersonic coaxial-jet CFD-validation experiment to determine the sensitivity of the external flowfield to the main-nozzle exit profile. Four different nozzle exit profiles were used in the study: a uniform profile, one computed using only the nozzle geometry, one computed using the nozzle geometry and part of the upstream facility combustor, and one using the nozzle and the full facility combustor. Two cases were examined using the four profiles: a non-reacting case without coflow and a reacting case with hydrogen coflow. Results show that the nozzle exit profile has a significant effect on the external flowfield. The uniform profile produced the longest jet while the profile created with the full combustor produced the shortest jet. The nozzle-only and part-combustor profiles fell between the other two profiles. The reacting flow was found to be more sensitive to the nozzle exit profile since it affects the downstream mixing and combustion. These calculations indicate the importance of properly setting the nozzle-exit profile for this type of calculation

Deep litter for poultry- part 1

Not so many years ago it was customary for poultry farmers in Western Australia to clean out the droppings from their poultry sheds at daily or weekly intervals. Now, however, the majority of commercial poultry farmers clean out their sheds once yearly. This tremendous saving in labour has been achieved through the introduction of the deep litter system which entails no sacrifices of hygiene or comfort and which actually contributes to a general overall improvement in management

Poultry sanitation

A percentage of poultry losses are caused by unsanitary conditions. Not all diseases can be eliminate by even the strictest attention to sanitation - but undoubtedly the losses can be substantially reduced

A Glimpse of F.O.J. Smith, Politician

This article is an overview of the career of F.O.J., attorney, editor and legislator in the nineteenth century

Design of Mach-4 and Mach-6 Nozzles for the NASA LaRC 8-Ft High Temperature Tunnel

The aerodynamic contours for two new nozzles have been designed for the NASA Langley Research Center 8-Foot High Temperature Tunnel. The new Mach-4 and Mach-6 contours have 54.5-inch exit-diameters allowing for testing at high dynamic pressures. The Mach-4 nozzle will extend the test capability of the facility and allow turbine-based combined-cycle propulsion systems to be tested at conditions appropriate for the transition from the turbine to the scramjet flowpath. The Mach-6 nozzle will serve a dual purpose; to provide a Mach-6 test capability at high dynamic pressure and to be used in conjunction with an existing mixer section for testing at lower enthalpy conditions. This second use will extend the life of the existing Mach-7 nozzle which has been used for this purpose. The two new nozzles, in conjunction with existing nozzles, will allow for testing at Mach numbers of 3, 4, 5 and 6 at high dynamic pressures, and Mach 4, 5 and 7 at lower dynamic pressures but larger scales

The application of extensive 3D Seismic Reflection Data for the exploration of extensive inundated Palaeolandscapes

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The West Coast Palaeolandscape Project

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