Black Drowning Deaths: An Introductory Analysis

Black children between the ages of 5 and 14 are 2.6 times more likely to drown than white children. A systematic exclusion from public pools and other forms of water activities over time has led to a lack of cultural capital involving aquatics among black families. Pierre Bourdieu has provided a theoretical foundation in which to understand this issue. The social fields created by generational socialization have made blacks feel like they have no place in the water. It will take a restructuring of the social institutions to set in motion the socialization (or a re-socialization) of new and more positive attitudes concerning swimming in the black community. Reversing the way African Americans interact with water will create new opportunities to adjust the way blacks view swimming, and in turn, will lead to the creation of new social structures encouraging blacks to return to the water. This research suggests a larger focus on swimming education in predominantly black schools. The continued development of swimming opportunities for blacks of all ages is warranted in the effort to reduce drowning risks

Study of a contractors capabilities center and the technology transfer process Final report, 15 Mar. 1966 - 30 Jun. 1968

Feasibility of NASA Contractors Capabilities Center, and approaches to technology utilizatio

Evaluating the impact of video based instruction and immediate feedback on the performance of three gross motor skills for participants with Down syndrome

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of video based instruction combined with immediate visual feedback on the performance of three different gross motor skills for children with Down Syndrome (DS). The participants in this study are two children with DS. They were selected for this study based upon these qualifying factors: enrolled in a moderate/severe special day class, enrolled in a title one school, have Down syndrome and displayed deficits in gross motor abilities based upon the administration of the Total Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) assessment. The research design is a multiple baseline design where three areas of concern are evaluated. These areas included skipping, overhand throw and underhand roll. The results of the study showed that in order for video modeling to be effective, multiple opportunities to view the video needed to present to participants. Video based modeling was combined with immediate visual feedback. The participants made minimal progress in the areas of overhand throw and underhand roll but the participants did not improve in the area of skipping. The participants\u27 motor patterns and performance of skipping were identical to another indicating a correlation to DS. This research shows that video based instruction is often more effective when paired with other evidence based practices

Emergency Preparedness Among College Students at the University of Arkansas

Students at the University of Arkansas could be susceptible to multiple forms of disaster including severe winter weather, earthquakes, tornadoes, lightning, floods, toxin release, radiological release from nuclear power plant, infectious diseases, food contamination, fires, active shooters, and bomb threats (Federal Emergency Management Agency [FEMA], 2013). The unpredictability of natural disasters, coupled with the increase in targeted school violence, served as the impetus for various federal initiatives intended to protect university populations (FEMA, 2003). The purpose of this study was to determine the emergency preparedness levels of college students at the University of Arkansas. Only 50% of students were concerned with health threats and socioeconomic issues affecting their community; whereas less than half of students were concerned about disasters. College students at the University of Arkansas are overwhelmingly unprepared for an emergency. Only 60% of students had a 3-day supply of food in their home and less than 35% had water.College students are leaving their homes to attend universities and become autonomous for the first time in their lives. Although they are increasingly vulnerable to disasters, majority of students do not find themselves concerned about disasters. College students lack the necessary items and education required to be prepared. The University of Arkansas can tailor its emergency management efforts to the specific concerns identified by students (U.S. Department of Education, 2007)

Graphically Communicating Hay Test Results—A Tale of Two Nutrients

Our purpose with this article is to share the benefit of using a scatter plot created from hay test results for total digestible nutrients and protein to teach livestock producers four important forage and feeding concepts. The concepts are that a producer\u27s hay is likely not of average quality, nutrients are not independent, hay quality varies on individual farms and across farms, and supplemental feed needs vary according to animal nutrient requirements and fall within one of four categories. Overall, our tale of two nutrients tool has served us well as an effective visual aid that can be adapted to meet local needs

Removal of Carbamazepine from Drinking Water

Due to the increasing prevalence of prescription medication over the past few decades, pharmaceuticals have accumulated in various water sources. This has become a public health concern because many pharmaceuticals have limited research on the effects of chronic low-level exposure. According to the World’s Health Organization (WHO), traces of pharmaceuticals products have been reported in different water sources such as surface waters, wastewater, groundwater, and drinking water.[1] One pharmaceutical of interest that has been detected in water sources is carbamazepine. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a common pharmaceutical prescribed for the treatment of seizure disorders, neuropathic pain, and various psychological disorders. It’s mechanism of action is “sodium channel blocking,” which is the impairment of conduction of sodium ions in sodium channels. This, in effect, reduces nervous-system conductivity in key areas related to the treated disorders mentioned above.[2] Carbamazepine is also not easily biodegradable and current conventional treatment methods in some drinking water and wastewater facilities do not adequately remove carbamazepine and other pharmaceuticals from treated water. While carbamazepine is not federally regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Safe Water Drinking Act (SWDA) at this time, it does have the potential for producing adverse health effects in humans. Therefore, being proactive in finding ways to remove carbamazepine and compounds like it should be encouraged. The Carbamaza-Clean team designed a bench scale unit as well as an in-home treatment system using granular activated carbon (GAC) to effectively remove carbamazepine from water. GAC was chosen for this design because it is inexpensive and does not create by-products that are harmful to human health. Several experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency of the removal of carbamazepine using two different GACs: coconut shell GAC (CSGAC) and bituminous coal GAC (BGAC). A packed bed column was constructed to determine if both carbons could reduce the concentration of carbamazepine from 1 ppm to 1 ppb or lower. The CSGAC packed bed was able to lower the concentration below 1 ppb at a packed bed length of 4.4 ft, while the BGAC only required half that (2.2 ft). Both carbons can remove carbamazepine to the desired concentration; however, the costs vary. An economic analysis was performed to determine the costs of the carbons. The CSGAC system would cost $990 for the first year and$589.68 for each following year. The BGAC system would cost $639 for the first two years, and then$200 every two years following the initial capital investment

Enabling commercial-scale perfusion manufacturing using single-use bioreactors and tangential flow filtration

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