Elevated levels of naturally occurring autoantibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) β core fragment in a female patient with thyroid follicular adenoma: Case report

We report a case of a woman, who had an elevated levels of naturally-occurring autoantibodies to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) β core fragment (hCGβcf) one year prior to the development of thyroid follicular lesion. The patient underwent surgery and the histology report demonstrated that the lesion was a follicular adenoma. Further investigations of the role of naturally-occurring autoantibodies (NAAbs) to anti-hCGβcf in the pathogenesis of varioustumours of thyroid gland might be useful in the development of novel diagnostic methods, using anti-hCGβcf NAAbs as a marker for the detection of unsuspected thyroid tumour

Engagement of different Fc-gamma receptors in phagocytosis of immune complexes containing antibodies to mutated human chorionic gonadotropin β chain (hCG-beta) and native hCG molecule

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Fcγ receprors (FcγR) in vitro, in phagocytosis of hormone-antibody complexes formed after immunization with the mutant hCGβ(R68E). Native, FITC labeled hCG was added to the sera from mutant hCGβ(R68E) immunized rabbits. The suspensions of phagocytic cells were selectively incubated with monoclonal antibodies to FcγRI, FcγRII, FcγRIII and the complement receptor 3 in order to block their functions and phagocytosis was visualized by flow cytometry. We show that the phagocytosis of immune complexes containing anti-hCGβ(R68E) sera of rabbits and native hCG molecules by monocytes and neutrophils is mediated by FcγRI(CD64) and FcγRIII(CD16) respectively in cooperation with the complement receptor 3 (CR3)

Association between seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CD4+ cytotoxic T cells expansions in patients with B-cell Chronic Lymphocyte Leukaemia (B-CLL) and healthy controls

B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is characterized by the clonal expansion of CD5+CD19+CD23+ B cells. During the course of B-CLL, the expansion of neoplastic clone is accompanied by a disbalance between CD4+/CD8+ T cells and by deficiency of T cell function. We have previously shown an expansion of CD4+ perforin (PF)+ cytotoxic T cells (cytT) with undefined specificity in patients with B-CLL. It has been demonstrated by others that the expansion of CD4+PF+ T cells in control individuals is often associated with chronic viral infections. Taking into consideration that B-CLL patients are immunocompromised, with frequent viral infections, we investigated the role of CD4+PF+ cytotoxic T cells in immune responses to one of the most common chronic viral infections - human cytomegalovirus (hCMV). We studied an association of cytT cell frequencies with the chronic CMV infection in 32 B-CLL patients and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were immunostained with anti-CD4~PerCP monoclonal antibodies (mAb), fixed, permeabilised and immunostained with anti-PF~FITC mAb. Cells were fixed and analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum samples were routinely tested for anti-IgG antibodies to CMV. Here we show that CD4+PF+ T cell expansions appeared to be strongly associated with CMV seropositivity in healthy individuals, and, particularly, in B-CLL patients. The immunocompromised status of the majority of B-CLL patients may facilitate expansion of this unusual population of cytotoxic cells to combat reactivation of a chronic CMV infection

Analysis of structure of intraventricular blood flow based on studies of architectonics of trabecular layer in left ventricle

Aims To overcome numerous contradictions in the knowledge of the blood transportation, a hypothesis was supposed asserting the swirling pattern of blood flow in the heart and main vessels which resembles tornado-like flows and which is widespread in nature. These flows can be exhaustively described by the exact solutions of the nonstationary hydrodynamic Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equations for the class of viscous swirling flows offered by Kiknadze - Krasnov. Materials and methods Using morphometric studies of human and canine left ventricular casts and Multislice Computed Tomography it has been shown that the trabeculae in the ventricular cavity are oriented along the streamlines of the tornado-like flow of appropriate dimension. Moreover, this principle covers both the diastolic trabeculae of the inlet part of the left ventricle and the systolic trabeculae of the outlet part of the left ventricle. Results It is concluded that the main trabeculae function consists in the structural organization of the intraventricular tornado-like swirling flow of Kiknadze – Krasnov type. Conclusion The hydrodynamic analysis of the blood flow laws is indispensable for the development of new diagnostics criteria in cardiology, cardiac surgery optimization, the design of new implantable and paracorporal devices contacting with blood flow and mathematical and physical modeling of circulation

Experimental test of quantum causal influences

Since Bell’s theorem, it is known that local realism fails to explain quantum phenomena. Bell inequality violations manifestly show the incompatibility of quantum theory with classical notions of cause and effect. As recently found, however, the instrumental scenario—a pivotal tool in causal inference—allows for nonclassicality signatures going beyond this paradigm. If we are not limited to observational data and can intervene in our setup, then we can witness quantum violations of classical bounds on the causal influence among the involved variables even when no Bell-like violation is possible. That is, through interventions, the quantum behavior of a system that would seem classical can be demonstrated. Using a photonic setup—faithfully implementing the instrumental causal structure and switching between observation and intervention run by run—we experimentally witness such a nonclassicality. We also test quantum bounds for the causal influence, showing that they provide a reliable tool for quantum causal modeling

Assessment of maximum water discharge effect on river bed evolution

საქართველოს მთიანი რელიეფი და კლიმატის ცვლილების მიმდინარე ტენდენციები ზრდის კატასტროფული მოვლენების სიხშირეს, რაც იმის მაჩვენებლია რომ ინსტენსიური თავსხმა წვიმების დროს ადგილი აქვს წყლის ნაკადების დიდი რაოდენობით გავლას და კალაპოტის მნიშვნელოვან დეფორმაციებს. დეფორმაციების შესაბამისი ჰიდროტექნიკური ნაგებობის გაანგარიშების მთავარი ელემენტია წყლის მაქსიმალური ხარჯის სიდიდე, რომელიც რთულ ამოცანას წარმოადგენს რადგან ისმის კითხვა თუ რა ალბათობის (პროცენტული უზრუნველყოფის) იყოს მოცემული სიდიდე, რომლის დიაპაზონი საკმაოდ დიდია 5% დან 0.01%-მდე. ზოგადად, რაც უფრო მცირეა უზრუნველყოფის ალბათობის სიდიდე, საიმედოობასთან ერთად იზრდება მშენებლობის პროცესში მატერიალური დანახარჯები. სხვადასხვა ქვეყანაში არსებობს სხვადასხვანაირი მიდგომა მდინარეთა გადაკვეთებზე მაქსიმალური ხარჯების გაანგარიშებების დროს, მართალია ყველა შემთხვევა ინდივიდუალურად უნდა იქნეს განხილული, მაგრამ ასევე მნიშვნელოვანია ერთიანი მეთოდიკის შემუშავება, რომელიც რეალურთან მაქსიმალურად მიახლოებულ შედეგს მოგვცემს.Mountainous relief of Georgia and climate change current trends increase the frequency of catastrophic phenomena that is manifested in particular in the fact that during intensive pouring rains takes place formation (passing) of water flows in large quantities and substantial river bed deformations. The main element of calculation of hydraulic constructions corresponding to these deformations is a value of maximum water discharge, determination of which is a complicated problem due to a question raised regarding the probability (percent provision) of this value, range of which is quite large – from 5% to 0,01%. In general, the less is the value of this probability, the more are the material expenses in the construction process (along with reliability). Different countries use different approaches when calculating maximum water discharges at the river crossings. Though, every single case has to be considered on the individual basis, the development of the common methodology,which gives us a result, close to the maximum to reality is no less important