29 research outputs found
Misiones: how to support an approach to sustainable tourism
Sviluppare il turismo internazionale è un obiettivo ricorrente nei paesi emergenti, che comporta però il rischio di gravi limiti alla sua sostenibilità . Si valutano le prime esperienze di uno sviluppo che non eroda le caratteristiche ambientali e culturali di una provincia argentina che si affaccia al mercato turistico mondiale
Venice is not sinking : il turismo a Venezia tra immagine globale e nuovo marketing territoriale
Peer reviewe
A cost-effectiveness analysis of seminatural wetlands and activated sludge wastewater-treatment systems
A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to
evaluate the competitiveness of seminatural Free Water
Surface wetland (FWS) compared to traditional wastewater-
treatment plants. Six scenarios of the service costs of
three FWS wetlands and three different wastewater-treatment
plants based on active sludge processes were
compared. The six scenarios were all equally effective in
their wastewater-treatment capacity. The service costs were
estimated using real accounting data from an experimental
wetland and by means of a market survey. Some assumptions
had to be made to perform the analysis. A reference
wastewater situation was established to solve the problem
of the different levels of dilution that characterize the
inflow water of the different systems; the land purchase
cost was excluded from the analysis, considering the use of
public land as shared social services, and an equal life span
for both seminatural and traditional wastewater-treatment
plants was set. The results suggest that seminatural systems
are competitive with traditional biotechnological systems,
with an average service cost improvement of 2.1-fold to 8-
fold, according to the specific solution and discount rate.
The main improvement factor was the lower maintenance
cost of the seminatural systems, due to the self-regulating,
low artificial energy inputs and the absence of waste to be
disposed. In this work, only the waste-treatment capacity of
wetlands was considered as a parameter for the economic
competitiveness analysis. Other goods/services and environmental benefits provided by FWS wetlands were not
considered
A cost-effectiveness analysis of seminatural wetlands and activated sludge wastewater-treatment systems
A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to
evaluate the competitiveness of seminatural Free Water
Surface wetland (FWS) compared to traditional wastewater-
treatment plants. Six scenarios of the service costs of
three FWS wetlands and three different wastewater-treatment
plants based on active sludge processes were
compared. The six scenarios were all equally effective in
their wastewater-treatment capacity. The service costs were
estimated using real accounting data from an experimental
wetland and by means of a market survey. Some assumptions
had to be made to perform the analysis. A reference
wastewater situation was established to solve the problem
of the different levels of dilution that characterize the
inflow water of the different systems; the land purchase
cost was excluded from the analysis, considering the use of
public land as shared social services, and an equal life span
for both seminatural and traditional wastewater-treatment
plants was set. The results suggest that seminatural systems
are competitive with traditional biotechnological systems,
with an average service cost improvement of 2.1-fold to 8-
fold, according to the specific solution and discount rate.
The main improvement factor was the lower maintenance
cost of the seminatural systems, due to the self-regulating,
low artificial energy inputs and the absence of waste to be
disposed. In this work, only the waste-treatment capacity of
wetlands was considered as a parameter for the economic
competitiveness analysis. Other goods/services and environmental benefits provided by FWS wetlands were not
considered