Say on pay and executive compensation: a systematic review and suggestions for developing the field

©2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Accepted version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Human Resource Management Review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2019.01.004Say on pay (SOP) is a form of shareholder activism where shareholders express their opinions on executive compensation by casting a vote in the annual general meeting. To date, although a large variety of results, antecedents and outcomes have been mentioned and discussed, knowledge about SOP is still limited. This study, through a systematic literature review of 44 articles on SOP published between 2010 and 2018 in finance and management journals, aims to explore our understanding of SOP effectiveness by analyzing its conceptualization, theoretical foundations, methodological issues, antecedents and derived outcomes. After identifying some common patterns in SOP effectiveness that reflect a specific governance contextualization, we provide a guide to develop future research in the field, highlighting key implications for human resource management academics and practitioners

Linkages between high-performance work practices and family-centered goals: implications for financial performance in family firms.

Purpose: This study explores what impact high-performance work practices (from the ability-motivation-opportunity framework) might have on financial performance among family firms and examines the mediating role played by family-centered goals. Design: The empirical approach is based on data collected from a sample of 339 Spanish small and medium-sized family enterprises operating in the industry and service sectors. To test our hypotheses, we apply a path analysis modeling tool to estimate both indirect and direct effects in mediator models. Findings: Our results indicate that the ability-motivation-opportunity framework has a significant impact on financial performance through the lens of family-centered goals. In addition, family businesses keen concern to preserve family wealth influences the effectiveness of high-performance work practices, making firms more socioemotionally oriented at the expense of economic impact. Originality: By examining the mediating effect of family-centered goals, this paper advances and extends socioemotional wealth theory in the context of human resource management by considering the relationships between human resource practices and firm performance as a mixed gamble approach. Research implications: This paper underscores the importance of integrating family aspirations into strategic human resource management design, emphasizing the significance of socioemotional wealth preservation. Practical implications: The findings offer practical insights for family managers, family owners, and human resource practitioners, suggesting the need to align human resource practices with family goals and to strategically balance socioemotional and financial wealth considerations. Family owners in key management positions must skillfully manage human resource strategies to harmonize family and firm goals

A gestão da sala de aula de professores de Educação Física na Educação Básica

This article aims to point out how the relationship between classroom management and the teaching of Physical Education content occurs. The purpose is, therefore, to know and better understand a set of teacher behaviors, usually grouped under the name of Classroom Management, dependent on a diverse set of beliefs and theoretical perspectives, on, among many other aspects, teaching, the teacher's roles and tasks. Thus, it is important to understand this existing relationship, in order to see how this teaching-learning process takes place with regard to the appropriation of specific knowledge of this school discipline by students. In this direction, to carry out this article, as a theoretical contribution, we use among other authors: Libâneo (2004), Paro (2007), Dal Prette (2007), Daólio (1994) and Brophy (2011); and to collect the data, that are analyzed later, we interviewed seven teachers of the elementary school II of Physical Education, effective in schools of the municipal public net of a city of the paulista interior, and as results of this research, among others aspects, we detach that the management of the classroom of the teacher of Physical Education, passes for its way of speaking, walk, dress, gesticulate, demonstrate a motor task, their behavior and their relationship with the students, in addition to the pedagogical practices that they carry out in school, all analyzed together with the contents that they may select to teach in their classes, something that appeared repeatedly in the speeches of the teachers with whom the research was developed.Este artículo tiene como objetivo señalar cómo se da la relación entre la gestión del aula y la enseñanza de contenidos de Educación Física. El propósito es, por tanto, conocer y comprender mejor un conjunto de conductas del docente, generalmente agrupadas bajo el nombre de Gestión del Aula, dependientes de un conjunto diverso de creencias y perspectivas teóricas, sobre, entre muchos otros aspectos, la docencia, los roles y tareas del maestro. Por tanto, es importante comprender esta relación existente, para ver cómo se da este proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en lo que respecta a la apropiación de conocimientos específicos de esta disciplina escolar por parte de los estudiantes. En esta dirección, para la realización de este artículo, como aporte teórico, utilizamos entre otros autores: Libâneo (2004), Paro (2007), Dal Prette (2007), Daólio (1994) y Brophy (2011); y para la recolección de los datos, que posteriormente fueron analizados, entrevistamos a siete docentes de la escuela primaria II de Educación Física, vigente en escuelas públicas de una ciudad del interior de São Paulo, y como resultado de esta investigación, entre otros aspectos, destacamos que la El manejo del aula del docente de Educación Física, pasa por su forma de hablar, caminar, vestirse, gesticular, demostrar una tarea motora, su comportamiento y su relación con los alumnos, además de las prácticas pedagógicas que realiza en la escuela, todo analizado junto con los contenidos que pudieran seleccionar para impartir en sus clases, algo que apareció repetidamente en los discursos de los profesores con los que se desarrolló la investigación.Este artigo tem como objetivo apontar como se dá a relação existente entre a gestão da sala de aula e o ensino dos conteúdos da Educação Física. A finalidade é, pois, conhecer e compreender melhor um conjunto de comportamentos do professor, habitualmente agrupados sob a designação de Gestão de Sala de Aula, dependentes de um conjunto diverso de crenças e perspectivas teóricas, sobre, entre muitos outros aspectos, o ensino, as funções e tarefas do professor. Assim, é importante entender essa relação existente, para vislumbrarmos como se dá esse processo ensino aprendizagem no que diz respeito à apropriação de conhecimentos específicos desta disciplina escolar por parte dos alunos. Nesta direção, para realizar este artigo, como aporte teórico, utilizamos dentre outros autores: Libâneo (2004), Paro (2007), Dal Prette (2007), Daólio (1994) e Brophy (2011); e para coletar os dados, que a posteriori foram analisados, entrevistamos sete professores do ensino fundamental II de Educação Física, efetivos em escolas da rede pública municipal de uma cidade do interior paulista, e como resultados dessa pesquisa, dentre outros aspectos, destacamos que a gestão da sala de aula do professor de Educação Física, passa pelo seu jeito de falar, andar, vestir-se, gesticular, demonstrar uma tarefa motora, seu comportamento e seu relacionamento com os alunos, além das práticas pedagógicas que realiza na escola, tudo analisado em conjunto com os conteúdos que porventura venham selecionar para ministrar em suas aulas, algo que apareceu de forma reiterada nas falas dos professores e professoras com os quais foi desenvolvida a pesquisa

Underuse of indicated medications in elderly

Introduction: Treatment omissions are very important to value the quality of pharmacological therapy. In fact, suboptimal prescribing has been defined as overuse (polypharmacy), inappropriate prescribing (drug whose risks are greater than the benefits in older adults) and underuse of indicated medications. This omission of drug therapy may be linked to certain health outcomes in older patients, such as, for instance, the greater risk of cardiovascular events and mortality Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. The study population comprised 407 community-dwelling residents over the age of 65 on Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), where there are 15 primary healthcare centres. Data recorded included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical status, functional and cognitive assessment, and complete information about drugs intake. Potential prescribing omissions (PPO) were evaluated according to Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START). Results: A total of 1844 medications were prescribed to the patients included in our study (median number per patient: 4.5 drugs; range: 0-14: polypharmacy prevalence: 45%). Omeprazole was the most frequently used drug followed by aspirin, furosemide and enalapril. START identified PPO in 170 (41.8%) subjects. Sixteen of the 22 START criteria (72.7%) were used to identify these PPO. The endocrine system accounted for over half the omissions (51.8%), followed by the cardiovascular system (26.7%), where the main omission was anticoagulants in the presence of chronic atrial fibrillation. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of PPO increased by 60% for every additional point in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.35-1.91). Increasing numbers of medications also independently predicted the odds of at least one PPO according to START criteria (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.36-3.55). Conclusions: Our findings show high rates of polypharmacy and PPO, as well as a clear relationship between these two concepts.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Diseño del coliseo cubierto multipropósito, para la parroquia rural Cochapamba del cantón Saquisilí provincia de Cotopaxi

El presente trabajo de tesis, contiene el estudio de “Diseño del Coliseo Multipropósito en la Parroquia Rural de Cochapamba, Cantón Saquisilí”, el cual aporta una solución a la falta de espacios recreativos, deportivos y culturales.This thesis contains a study of "Design Multipurpose Coliseum in the rural parish of Cochapamba, Canton Saquisilí", which provides a solution to the lack of recreational, sporting and cultural

Exégesis histórica en el Código Orgánico General de Procesos: naturaleza jurídica y estructura del proceso monitorio

The following article tries to shed light on the legal nature and structure of the order for payment process found in the new Organic Code of General Processes (COGEP) called proceso monitorio. This analysis is done through a traditional method of legal interpretation found in the Civil Code of Ecuador: historical interpretation. The evolution of the order for payment procedure is analyzed through the use of travaux préparatories or legislative materials of the COGEP. This study covers its origins which are found in the first draft bills up to its publication in the Official Gazette.El presente artículo trata de dar luces sobre la naturaleza jurídica y la estructura del proceso monitorio en el nuevo Código Orgánico General de Procesos (COGEP). Este análisis es realizado a través de un método tradicional de interpretación legal hallado en el Código Civil del Ecuador: el método histórico-exegético. Se analiza la evolución del procedimiento monitorio con el uso de los trabajos preparatorios o materiales legislativos del COGEP. Este estudio abarca su génesis en los primeros proyectos de ley hasta su publicación en el Registro Oficial

Trámite y naturaleza jurídica de la nulidad de laudos en el derecho ecuatoriano: Observaciones a la Resolución 08-2017 de la Corte Nacional de Justicia

Article 31 of the Arbitration and Mediation Act of Ecuador, about the challenge of arbitral awards, is an obscure statute regarding the rules that govern this kind of procedure, and regarding the legal nature of said figure. The end of this short essay is to offer a tool, interpretative analogy, to shed a light on the meaning and application of this statute. After an exhaustive study, it is concluded that cassation is a legal figure analogous to the challenge of arbitral awards because both share the same legal nature of an extraordinary appeal, so it follows that the rules of the cassation may be adequate to clear up the meaning of the statute that regulates the challenge of awards. Afterwards, there is an analysis to the procedure to challenge awards regulated by the secondary legislation issued by the National Court of Justice, made in the light of the analogous interpretation done to the referred article 31.El artículo 31 de la Ley de Arbitraje y Mediación del Ecuador sobre la nulidad de laudos es una disposición oscura respecto a las reglas que gobiernan este tipo de procesos, y respecto a la naturaleza jurídica de dicha institución. El fin de este breve ensayo es el de ofrecer una herramienta, la analogía interpretativa, para aclarar el sentido y aplicación de esta disposición. Se hace un estudio que lleva a concluir que la casación es una institución jurídica análoga a la impugnación de laudos por vía de nulidad puesto que comparten la misma naturaleza jurídica de recurso extraordinario, de modo que las normas de la casación serían las adecuadas para aclarar al artículo que regula la nulidad de laudos. Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis del trámite de nulidad de laudos regulado con las reglas dadas por la Corte Nacional de Justicia, a la luz de la interpretación analógica aplicada al referido artículo 31

Trámite y naturaleza jurídica de la nulidad de laudos en el derecho ecuatoriano

El artículo 31 de la Ley de Arbitraje y Mediación del Ecuador sobre la nulidad de laudos es una disposición oscura respecto a las reglas que gobiernan este tipo de procesos, y respecto a la naturaleza jurídica de dicha institución. El fin de este breve ensayo es el de ofrecer una herramienta, la analogía interpretativa, para aclarar el sentido y aplicación de esta disposición. Se hace un estudio que lleva a concluir que la casación es una institución jurídica análoga a la impugnación de laudos por vía de nulidad puesto que comparten la misma naturaleza jurídica de recurso extraordinario, de modo que las normas de la casación serían las adecuadas para aclarar al artículo que regula la nulidad de laudos. Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis del trámite de nulidad de laudos regulado con las reglas dadas por la Corte Nacional de Justicia, a la luz de la interpretación analógica aplicada al referido artículo 31

Potential prescribing omissions vs polypharmacy among elderly patients

Objective: Screening tools have been formulated to identify potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in older people. Screening Tool of Older Person’s Prescriptions (STOPP) and Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START) have been developed to identify PIP and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs). Although there are many publications on PIP, very few studies have analyzed the omissions. The aim was to measure the prevalence rates of potential PPOs using START. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken on a total of 407 patients aged 65 years or older, who accepted face-to-face questionnaires. Study setting: 15 public primary care centers in Lanzarote (Spain). Data recorded included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical status, functional and cognitive assessment, and complete information about drugs intake. Polypharmacy was defined as treatment with five or more medications. POPs were evaluated according to START criteria. Results: Mean age was 79.3; 57.2% were females. The average CCI was 1.95 and 34.6% of the patients had CCI scores >2. Total number of medicines prescribed was 1831 (median 4.5±2.9). 183 (45%) of outpatients were polimedicated. The most widely prescribed ATC groups were C (69.5% of the patients had at least one drug from this group), A (53.6%) and N (51.6%). A total of 303 PPOs were identified in 41.85% (170) of patients. The most common were metmorfin with Type 2 diabetes (DM) ± metabolic syndrome (24%), statin therapy in DM if coexisting major cardiovascular risk factors present (13%) and antiplatelet therapy in DM with co-existing major cardiovascular risk factors (7.5%). The risk of PPOs increased with an increasing number of drugs (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.12-1.32) and with the presence of cardiovascular disease (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.01-2.87). Conclusion: Although polypharmacy rates are high, we detected a significant percentage of potentially beneficial treatment omissions, mainly in endocrine and cardiovascular systems.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional andalucia Tec

Bipartite hallucal sesamoid bones: relationship with hallux valgus and metatarsal index

Objective. To relate the incidence of the partition of the hallucal sesamoid bones with the size of the first metatarsal and the hallux valgus deformity. Materials and Methods. In a sample of 474 radiographs, the frequency of appearance of bipartite sesamoids was studied. The length and relative protrusion of the first metatarsal, and the hallux abductus angle, were measured and compared between the feet with and without sesamoid partition. Results. The results showed that 14.6% of the feet studied had at least one partite sesamoid, that the sesamoid most frequently divided was the medial, and that unilateral partition was the most common. No difference was found in the incidence of partite sesamoids between men and women, or between left and right feet. Conclusion. Protrusion and length of the first metatarsal are higher in feet with partite sesamoids than in feet without this condition. A significantly higher incidence of bipartite medial sesamoid was obtained in feet with hallux valgus compared with normal feet