10 research outputs found
Research and Science Today No. 1(17)/2019
RESEARCH AND SCIENCE TODAY is a biannual science journal established in 2011. The journal is an informational platform that publishes assessment articles and the results of various scientific research carried out by academics.
We provide the authors with the opportunity to create and/or perfect their science writing skills. Thus, each issue of the journal (two per year and at least two supplements) will contain professional articles from any academic field, authored by domestic and international academics.
The goal of this journal is to pass on relevant information to undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students as well as to fellow academics and researchers; the topics covered are unlimited, considering its multi-disciplinary profile.
Regarding the national and international visibility of Research and Science Today, it is indexed in over 30 international databases (IDB) and is present in over 200 online libraries and catalogues; therefore, anybody can easily consult the articles featured in each issue by accessing the databases or simply the website
ROC-king onwards: intraepithelial lymphocyte counts, distribution & role in coeliac disease mucosal interpretation
Counting intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) is central to the histological diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD), but no definitive 'normal' IEL range has ever been published. In this multicentre study, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off between normal and CD (Marsh III lesion) duodenal mucosa, based on IEL counts on >400 mucosal biopsy specimens
GLOBAL TRANSLATION OF COELIAC DISEASE HISTOLOGY AND OTHER GLUTEN RELATED MICROENTEROPATHY
Introduction Intestinal epithelial cell damages generated by
inflammation in coeliac disease (CD) ranges from sub-microscopic
to severe architectural distortion. Translation of quantitative
morphological changes in intestinal microorgans, like
villus/crypt transformation, distribution of inflammatory cells
and diagnostic cut offs, is lacking for CD and gluten related
micro-enteropathies.
Method Investigators from 22 centres, 9 countries of 4 continents,
recruited CD patients with Marsh 0-II histology
(n=299), NCGS (n=151), and 262 controls. Based on an
agreed protocol, epithelial morphology including intraepithelial
lymphocyte (IEL) density, villus height and crypt depth were
measured in well-oriented duodenal biopsies.
Results In total 712 subjects were recruited from Australia
(20), Finland (20), India (25), Iran (37), Italy (246), Romania
(10), Turkey (30), UK (166) and USA (158). Preliminary analyses
showed raw IEL density (IEL/100EC) was poorly correlated
with tTG, villus height, crypt depth or their ratios, and
even significant findings did not show strong correlation coefficients
(<0.36). The IEL density cut off scored 93% sensitivity
and specificity at 24/100EC for CD. However, for NCGS
the optimal sensitivity and specificity cut off was at 22IEL/
100EC giving a sensitivity of 57% and specificity of 80% (see
fig 1). The villus height was significantly shorter in CD compared
to either control (p<0.001) or NCGS groups
(p<0.001). Also, NCGS had short villus height than control
(p<0.001).
Conclusion The most specific and strongest biomarker for CD
with microenteropathy is serology acting as the gold standard
in this group. Villus height and crypt depth would serve as
complementary tools in diagnosis of mild CD and NCGS
patients. NCGS seem to have a milder morphological change
compared to CD even when they present with similar Marsh
scores. This study also confirms the cut off of IEL for CD
with microenteropathy is similar to CD with severe enteropathy
at 25 IEL/100EC
Gluten Induces Subtle Histological Changes in Duodenal Mucosa of Patients with Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Multicentre Study
Background: Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. Objectives: To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). Methods: Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Villus height (VH, in mu m), crypt depth (CrD, in mu m), villus-to-crypt ratios (VCR), IELs (intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes), and other relevant histological, serologic, and demographic parameters were quantified. Results: The median VH in NCGS was significantly shorter (600, IQR: 400-705) than controls (900, IQR: 667-1112) (p < 0.001). NCGS patients with Marsh I-II had similar VH and VCR to CeD [465 mu m (IQR: 390-620) vs. 427 mu m (IQR: 348-569, p = 0 center dot 176)]. The VCR in NCGS with Marsh 0 was lower than controls (p < 0.001). The median IEL in NCGS with Marsh 0 was higher than controls (23.0 vs. 13.7, p < 0.001). To distinguish Marsh 0 NCGS from controls, an IEL cut-off of 14 showed 79% sensitivity and 55% specificity. IEL densities in Marsh I-II NCGS and CeD groups were similar. Conclusion: NCGS duodenal mucosa exhibits distinctive changes consistent with an intestinal response to luminal antigens, even at the Marsh 0 stage of villus architecture
Gluten induces subtle histological changes in duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: a multicentre study
Background: Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. Objectives: To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). Methods: Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Villus height (VH, in μm), crypt depth (CrD, in μm), villus-to-crypt ratios (VCR), IELs (intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes), and other relevant histological, serologic, and demographic parameters were quantified. Results: The median VH in NCGS was significantly shorter (600, IQR: 400–705) than controls (900, IQR: 667–1112) (p < 0.001). NCGS patients with Marsh I-II had similar VH and VCR to CeD [465 µm (IQR: 390–620) vs. 427 µm (IQR: 348–569, p = 0·176)]. The VCR in NCGS with Marsh 0 was lower than controls (p < 0.001). The median IEL in NCGS with Marsh 0 was higher than controls (23.0 vs. 13.7, p < 0.001). To distinguish Marsh 0 NCGS from controls, an IEL cut-off of 14 showed 79% sensitivity and 55% specificity. IEL densities in Marsh I-II NCGS and CeD groups were similar. Conclusion: NCGS duodenal mucosa exhibits distinctive changes consistent with an intestinal response to luminal antigens, even at the Marsh 0 stage of villus architectur