A Survey of English Learning Motivation on Non-English-Major Postgraduates in North China Electric Power University

In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have done numerous researches on English learning motivation. This paper investigates English learning motivation of non-English-major postgraduates in North China Electric Power University (NCEPU) through a questionnaire survey. The study intends to answer the following two questions: (1) What types of English learning motivation are included from non-English-major graduate students in NCEPU? And what factors affect the types of English learning motivation? (2) How is the intensity of English learning motivation of non-English-major graduate students in NCEPU? Through SPSS 28.00 statistical software, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance and descriptive statistics analysis are carried out to explore the types of motivation, the influencing factors as well as the intensity of motivation. The results show that there are seven types of English learning motivation-social responsibility, intrinsic interest, information media, internationalization, academic performance, learning situation and personal development. Among them, origin of student distribution has a certain influence on intrinsic interest, and gender and current English level have a prominent interaction on intrinsic interest. In NCEPU, non-English-major postgraduates are generally less motivated and passive in English learning to some degrees. Based on the above results, some teaching suggestions are also put forward

生態圏型都市開発における城中村と社会的疎外 : 香湖湾の再開発を事例に

University of Tokyo(東京大学

In-depth study of Cyberpunk and Retro-Futurism styles with the aim of development an integrated design project concept

The aim of investigation is to analyze the aesthetic taste of the minority groups who are proponents of Cyberpunk and Retro-Futurism subculture. To classify the main expressive creative-compositional characteristics of presented style directions. To study the relevance of consumer demand for products developed on the basis of the Cyberpunk and Retro-Futurism style, as well as awareness of this topic. The relevance of research in this area is a combination of presented two style directions. The embodiment of the results lays in the creative solution of an integrated design project: the development of the exterior and interior of the video game club; organization of a play space; the development of the corporate identity and costume of the service managers and stuff of a playroom

国家债务适度规模研究 —基于因子增强阈值模型

本文基于国家债务适度规模假说，采用时间序列数据和因子增强阈值模型对世界有代表性国家债务适度规模的进行了测定。研究结果显示：在样本期间内，第一，在5%的显著性水平下，除西班牙外，大部分有代表性国家都不能拒绝不存在阈值效应的零假设，在10%的显著性水平下，除西班牙、希腊、印度外，其它国家不能拒绝不存在阈值效应的零假设；第二，债务规模同经济增长并不存在简单线性关系，部分验证了前文关于国家债务适度规模假说；第三，从阈值水平来看，未有阈值效应的国家中，很多都超过了60%的警戒线，如日本、美国、加拿大等，但我们的检验结果表明，这些国家债务规模并没阈值效应，即说明目前的债务水平的安全的；第四，对于中国来说，我们的结论更加验证了中国总体债务规模安全、可控，并不存在发生总体债务危机的风险；第五，同Mendoza et al.（2008）有关最优主权债务负担率区间为48%～50%的研究结论相比，我们的结论有着很大的差异，其原因在于，我们的研究充分考虑的国家的差异性，即考虑了不同国家的自身特点，同时，也将全球性因素作为考虑的因素之一

Decrease of Plasma Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Activity in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Mongolian Gerbil Sepsis Model

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and the level of plasma PAF acetylhydrolase (pPAF-AH), which inactivates PAF, decreases in sepsis patients except for the sepsis caused by severe leptospirosis. Usually, increase of pPAF-AH activity was observed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Syrian hamster and rat sepsis models, while contradictory effects were reported for mouse model in different studies. Here, we demonstrated the in vivo effects of LPS upon the change of pPAF-AH activity in C57BL/6 mice and Mongolian gerbils. After LPS-treatment, the clinical manifestations of Mongolian gerbil model were apparently similar to that of C57BL/6 mouse sepsis model. The pPAF-AH activity increased in C57BL/6 mice after LPS induction, but decreased in Mongolian gerbils, which was similar to that of the human sepsis. It thus suggests that among the LPS-induced rodent sepsis models, only Mongolian gerbil could be used for the study of pPAF-AH related to the pathogenesis of human sepsis. Proper application of this model might enable people to clarify the underline mechanism accounted for the contradictory results between the phase II and phase III clinical trials for the administration of recombinant human pPAF-AH in the sepsis therapy