Molecular Diversity of Sapovirus Infection in Outpatients Living in Nanjing, China (2011–2013)

Aim. To gain insight into the molecular diversity of sapovirus in outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Nanjing, China. Methods. The specimens from outpatients clinically diagnosed as acute gastroenteritis were detected by real-time PCR; RT-PCR was then performed to amplify part of VP1 sequences. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector and bidirectionally sequenced. All sequences were edited and analyzed. A phylogenetic tree was drawn with the MEGA 5.0 software. Results. Between 2011 and 2013, 16 sapovirus positive cases were confirmed by real-time PCR. The infected cases increased from two in 2011 and six in 2012 to eight in 2013. The majority was children and the elderly (15, 93.75%) and single infections (15, 93.75%). Of the 16 real-time positive specimens, 14 specimens had PCR products and the analysis data of the 14 nucleic sequences showed that there was one GI genogroup with four genotypes, two GI.2 in 2011, three GI.2, and one GI.1 in 2012 and one GI.2, three GI.1, two GI.3, and two GI.5 in 2013. Conclusion. Our data confirmed continuous existing of GI genogroup and GI.2 genotype from 2011 to 2013 in Nanjing and the successive appearance of different genotypes from outpatients with gastroenteritis

Pomolic acid inhibits proliferation of human lung carcinoma cells via induction of apoptosis and suppression of cell migration and invasion

Purpose: To investigate the anti-proliferative effect of pomolic acid on lung cancer cells (A549), and theunderlying mechanism.Methods: The viability of pomolic acid-treated A549 cells was determined by MTT and colony formation assays. Cell colony formation was monitored with acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were assayed by western blotting.Results: Pomolic acid suppressed the growth of A549 cells, with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration of (IC50) of 10 μM (p < 0.05). However, the IC50 of pomolic acid for normal BEAS-2B cells was 80 μM. Pomolic acid also decreased colony formation of A549 cells. At 20 μM, the percentage of A549 colonies decreased to 14 % of control. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of pomolic acid against A549 cells was mediated via induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Pomolic acid treatment enhanced the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in A549 cells. Moreover, pomolic acid inhibited the migration and invasion in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results indicate the potent anticancer effect of pomolic acid against human lung cancer cells. Thus, pomolic acid has promising potential as a lead molecule for the development of chemotherapy

Calcul d'une structure de type carton ondulé à l'aide d'une approche 3D coque homogénéisée

Un modèle d'homogénéisation du carton ondulé et un élément fini de coque sont développés pour modéliser le comportement mécanique de structures en carton ondulé. Le modèle d'homogénéisation analytique proposé permet une modélisation d'une structure 3D de carton par une plaque homogénéisée 2D. Il est basé principalement sur la théorie de stratification avec prise en compte du cisaillement transversal. Il est ensuite amélioré avec l'apport de plusieurs théories. Ce modèle d'homogénéisation amélioré est implémenté dans un élément fini de coque triangulaire avec cisaillement transversal. Le présent modèle a été validé par comparaison avec une simulation 3D sur Abaqus et avec d'autres résultats numériques et expérimentaux. Un problème de flambement d'une plaque en carton ondulé est traité et présenté dans cet article

Review of antibiotic resistance in China and its environment

Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis linked to increased, and often unrestricted, antibiotic use in humans and animals. As one of the world's largest producers and consumers of antibiotics, China is witness to some of the most acute symptoms of this crisis. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widely distributed in surface water, sewage treatment plant effluent, soils and animal wastes. The emergence and increased prevalence of ARGs in the clinic/hospitals, especially carbapenem-resistant gram negative bacteria, has raised the concern of public health officials. It is important to understand the current state of antibiotic use in China and its relationship to ARG prevalence and diversity in the environment. Here we review these relationships and their relevance to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends witnessed in the clinical setting. This review highlights the issues of enrichment and dissemination of ARGs in the environment, and also future needs in mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment, particularly under the ‘planetary health’ perspective, i.e., the systems that sustain or threaten human health

Phase I Trial of Escalating-dose Cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil and Concurrent Radiotherapy in Chinese Patients with Esophageal Cancer

We defined the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of chemoradiotherapy (cisplatin (CDDP) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy) for Chinese patients with esophageal cancer. Twenty-one previously untreated patients with primary esophageal cancer were entered into this study. Escalating doses of CDDP with 5-FU were administered in a modified Fibonacci sequence, with concurrent conventional fractionation radiotherapy (CFR) of 60 Gy or 50 Gy. The starting doses were CDDP 37.5 mg/m2 on day 1, and 5-FU 500 mg/m2 on days 1-5, respectively. The regimen was repeated 4 times every 28 days. If no dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed, the next dose level was applied. The procedures were repeated until DLT appeared. The MTD was declared to be 1 dose level below the level at which DLT appeared. DLT was grade 3 radiation-induced esophagitis at a dose level of CDDP 60 mg/m2 with 5-FU 700 mg/m2 and concurrent 60 Gy CFR. MTD was defined as CDDP 52.5 mg/m2 with 5-FU 700 mg/m2 and concurrent 50 Gy CFR. The MTD of CDDP with 5-FU and in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for Chinese patients with esophageal cancer is CDDP 52.5 mg/m2 on day 1 and 5FU 700 mg/m2 on days 1-5, repeated 4 times every 28 days, and concurrent 50 Gy CFR. Further evaluation of this regimen in a prospective phase II trial is ongoing.</p

Secret sharing of quantum information via entanglement swapping in cavity QED

We proposed a scheme on secret sharing of quantum information based on entanglement swapping in cavity QED. In our scheme, the effects of cavity decay and thermal field are all eliminated

Pseudo inverse approach for cold forging processes and its comparison with adaptive incremental approach

La simulation numérique des procédés de mise en forme fortement non-linéaire nécessite souvent des méthodes numériques performantes. Les couts de calcul qui sont souvent important rende difficile l'utilisation d'un outil de simulation numérique dans une boucle d'optimisation. Nous proposons dans ce papier de simuler un procédé 2D axisymétrique de forgeage d'une roue en utilisant une approche pseudo-inverse et une approche MEF adaptive incrémentale. Ces deux approches seront ensuite comparées en termes de temps de calcul et prédictibilité sur la forme des bruts de forge