Imperforate hymen complicated by obstructive acute renal failure

Imperforate hymen is a rare malformation (1/ 1000 female births). It is diagnosed most often during puberty. Early diagnosis of hematocolpos and evacuation is necessary to avoid any consequences. We report a rare case of an imperforate hymen complicated with acute urinary retention,  hydronephrosis and renal failure in a 14-year-old girl to emphasize thepossible misdiagnosis and its possible consequences. This is the firstcase we encounter in our unit

Simulacija porarizacijskih mjerenja u elektrotvorbi kaona Monte Carlo metodom

Kaon electro-production experiments with polarized electron beam are planed at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Virginia, USA) in order to complete the information on polarization response functions for the kaon electro-production reactions. The experiment uses the self analyzing property of the Λ recoil. The scattered electrons will be detected in coincidence with the kaons and the decay protons. This paper presents the simulation of this experiment which takes into account the spectrometer acceptances, multiple scattering and radiative corrections. The phase space distribution of the decay protons in the Λ center-of-mass system are generated in order to extract information on the polarization on the three directions. An experimental test with an unpolarized beam has been performed to estimate the efficiency of the method.U Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Virginia, USA) predlažu se mjerenja elektrotvorbi s polariziranim elektronima radi cjelovitosti podataka o polarizacijskim funkcijama odziva u elektrotvorbi kaona. Mjerenje rabi samoanalizacijsko svojstvo odboja Λ čestice. Raspršeni elektroni opažat će se sudesno s kaonima i protonima. Ovaj rad predstavlja simulaciju tog eksperimenta u kojoj se uzimaju u obzir prihvati spektrometara, višestruko raspršenje i radijativne popravke. Izvodi se fazna raspodjela protona u centru mase Λ čestice radi dobivanja podataka o polarizaciji u trima smjerovima. Mjerenjem pomoću nepolariziranog snopa ocijenili smo učinkovitost metode

Simulacija porarizacijskih mjerenja u elektrotvorbi kaona Monte Carlo metodom

Kaon electro-production experiments with polarized electron beam are planed at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Virginia, USA) in order to complete the information on polarization response functions for the kaon electro-production reactions. The experiment uses the self analyzing property of the Λ recoil. The scattered electrons will be detected in coincidence with the kaons and the decay protons. This paper presents the simulation of this experiment which takes into account the spectrometer acceptances, multiple scattering and radiative corrections. The phase space distribution of the decay protons in the Λ center-of-mass system are generated in order to extract information on the polarization on the three directions. An experimental test with an unpolarized beam has been performed to estimate the efficiency of the method.U Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Virginia, USA) predlažu se mjerenja elektrotvorbi s polariziranim elektronima radi cjelovitosti podataka o polarizacijskim funkcijama odziva u elektrotvorbi kaona. Mjerenje rabi samoanalizacijsko svojstvo odboja Λ čestice. Raspršeni elektroni opažat će se sudesno s kaonima i protonima. Ovaj rad predstavlja simulaciju tog eksperimenta u kojoj se uzimaju u obzir prihvati spektrometara, višestruko raspršenje i radijativne popravke. Izvodi se fazna raspodjela protona u centru mase Λ čestice radi dobivanja podataka o polarizaciji u trima smjerovima. Mjerenjem pomoću nepolariziranog snopa ocijenili smo učinkovitost metode

The commodity systems of four indigenous leafy vegetables in Senegal

Increasing the production of traditional leafy vegetables that are well adapted to the agro-ecology of Senegal, easy to grow and requiring low inputs, could greatly help to solve the poverty and malnutrition problems in Senegal. However, leafy vegetables are often overlooked by the scientific community. The species of leafy vegetables dealt with in this paper are roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), amaranths (Amaranthus L. spp.) and Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam). To increase production of traditional leafy vegetables, access to good quality seeds is necessary. Two plantcollecting missions were undertaken throughout Senegal by a multidisciplinary research team. Experimentation on Hibiscus regeneration and characterisation was conducted at ISRA-CDH research station. Sixty-four accessions were collected among the four species. Forty-eight accessions of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) were characterised. The level of dissimilarity (63%) within the accessions of roselle confirmed the high degree of intra-species variability. The Richness Index determined for the Diaobe and Matam markets indicated a high degree of genetic diversity of roselle. These are used to select three new lines according to farmers’ preference criteria.In addition, socio-economic surveys were conducted in two pilot villages. It was found that planting dates for leafy vegetables varied greatly, depending on species, locality and season. Sowing was mainly done broadcast. Organic fertilisers were commonly applied. Eighty per cent (80%) of the farmers applied an NPK formulation and small quantities of urea. Traditional irrigation methods are often used in the growing of traditional leafy vegetables. The seeds used by farmers were a mixture of varieties. Farmers identified four types of each of roselle, amaranth and cowpea, but could not differentiate any variety for Moringa. Local markets constitute the main roselle seed supply source. Few farmers have developed traditional methods of seed conservation. Selling of seed is not a common activity in rural areas. Generally, farmers exchange gratuitously theirs seeds. Leaves are commonly sold at the field, in the village, in the nearest city and weekly at local markets called ’Louma‘. Average annual income generated by leaves varies from 41 to 500 USD. Leafy vegetables are used as food and for medicinal purposes. Leafy vegetable consumption in Senegal is around 23 g/person·d.Keywords: leafy vegetables, production, species, seed and genetic diversit

Valeur socio-économique de l’arbre en milieu malinké (Khossanto, Sénégal)

Objectif: Déterminer la valeur socio-économique des ligneux dans la vie des populations de la communauté rurale de Khossanto, dans la partie orientale du Sénégal et apprécier les savoirs et savoir-faire locaux vis-à-vis de l’arbre.Méthodologie et résultats: Des enquêtes ethnobotaniques ont été menés auprès des populations de la communauté rurale de Khossanto. Nous avons recensé les savoirs et savoir-faire des Malinkés vis-à-vis de l’arbre dans six catégories d’usages : alimentation, fourrage, construction, artisanat, énergie domestique et phytothérapie, avec des niveaux de consensus assez élevés (partout supérieur à 80%). Six espèces multi usages (impliquées dans presque toutes les catégories) s’avèrent être les plus utiles : Cordyla pinnata, Borassus aethiopum, Vitellaria paradoxa, Ziziphus mauritiana, Pterocarpus erinaceus et Adansonia digitata. Les fruits (31%), les feuilles (29%) et le bois (22%) sont les parties les plus utilisées.Conclusion et application des résultats: L’importance socio-économique de l’arbre en milieu malinké est clairement établie autour de six catégories d’usage : le fourrage, l’alimentation humaine, l’énergie domestique, la phytothérapie, la construction et l’artisanat. Cette importance des ligneux a pour corollaire un prélèvement assez intense de certaines parties, qui devient une menace pour ces espèces. Il apparaît important d’asseoir un modèle de gestion durable de ces parcours communautaires.Mots clés : Ligneux, usages, importance, Sénégal , Kédougou

Acute complications of preeclampsia: prognosis and management at Pikine National Hospital in Dakar (Senegal)

ABSTRACTBackground: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of acute complications of preeclampsia in order to describe the epidemiological profile of the disease, to assess its prognosis and management.Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients admitted to the Pikine National Hospital from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013 (48 months) with severe complicated pre-eclampsia. Included in this study were patients admitted or diagnosed with severe complicated pre-eclampsia and having given birth in the structure or not.Results: The incidence of severe preeclampsia in childbirth varied from 9.7% to 11.5% during the four years of our study. Patients were largely paucigest (55.7% of cases) and paucipares (58.5% of cases). The mean age was 28.14 years with extremes of 14 and 47 years. More than half of the patients (57.7%) were between 21 and 34 years of age. They were mostly married (90.7%). Three-quarters of the patients (76.8%) had proteinuria with ≥ 3 cross-bands. Thrombocytopenia was found in 9.7% of patients, hepatic cytolysis in 12.1%, and elevation of serum creatinine in 13.8%. The level of transaminases was found to be greater than 2 in the normal range in 12.1%. Complicated forms were the most represented in our study. These were acute complications, with 715 cases, or 57.3% of the patients. They were either isolated (52.8%) or associated (4.5%). These included eclampsia (24.9%), followed by retroplacental hematoma (24.6%), fetal death in utero (23.7%), HELLP syndrome (3.4%). , Acute edema of the lungs (1.5%), and acute renal failure (1.4%). The lethality was 2.4%. The causes of maternal death were dominated by eclampsia (14 cases), DIC (3 cases) and OAP (2 cases). We counted 77.7% of live births and a stillbirth of 254.5 ‰.Conclusions: Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy. Its frequency is still high in sub-Saharan Africa. In the presence of signs of severity, maternal (vital and functional) and neonatal prognosis are inevitably involved. If management is based on fetal extraction, resuscitation measures are a guarantee of maternal survival

Rapid susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGITAST SIRE)

ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability of the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGITAST) for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.MethodsSeventy strains of M. tuberculosis were tested for susceptibility to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol by comparing MGITAST results to those obtained by the method of proportion (MOP) on Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) and Middlebrook 7H10 media. The 7H10 MOP was considered the method of reference.ResultsThe turnaround time for MGITAST was 6.2days (5–10days) and for MOP it was 18–21days. With rifampicin, MGITAST agreed for all isolates with both MOP. For streptomycin, MGITAST and 7H10 MOP agreed for 64 isolates (91.4%); 61 were susceptible and three resistant. LJ MOP and 7H10 MOP agreed for 64 isolates (92.2%); 62 were susceptible and three resistant. With isoniazid, both MOP agreed for all isolates, while MGITAST and 7H10 MOP had two discrepancies. For ethambutol, MGITAST and 7H10 MOP were concordant for 66 isolates; 65 were susceptible and one resistant. Both MOP were concordant for 67 isolates; 66 were susceptible and one resistant.ConclusionsBased on these results, MGITAST is a time-saving method and can be used as an alternative to the BACTEC System. MGITAST is reliable as far as rifampicin and isoniazid are concerned; however, additional studies are needed for streptomycin and ethambutol