Estudo do impacto das deficiências de saneamento básico sobre a saúde pública no Brasil no período de 2001 a 2009

O artigo teve como objetivo desenvolver um estudo do impacto sobre a saúde pública das deficiências do saneamento básico no Brasil no período de 2001 a 2009. Os óbitos resultantes de doenças relacionadas ao saneamento básico inadequado corresponderam, em média, a 13.449 mortes por ano, ou seja, cerca de 1,31% do total. A média anual de casos de notificação compulsória devido a doenças relacionadas ao saneamento básico inadequado foi de 466.351 casos, com uma despesa de R$30.428.324,92 em consultas médicas nesse período. Foi identificada também uma média anual de 758.750 internações hospitalares devido a deficiências do saneamento básico, com uma despesa total de R$ 2.111.567.634,61 no período. A despesa total com consultas médicas e internações hospitalares devido a doenças associadas ao saneamento básico consumiu 2,84% dos gastos do Sistema Único de Saúde nesse intervalo de tempo

Biology Of Aging: Theories, Mechanisms, And Perspectives [biologia Do Envelhecimento: Teorias, Mecanismos E Perspectivas]

The article reviews the major biological theories of aging, and discusses the most relevant mechanisms to explain the aging process. It begins with the evolutionary theories, explores the molecular-cellular mechanisms, and presents the perspective of the systemic theories. The complex etiology of aging is a challenge to the researchers. The knowledge on that phenomenon develops towards an integrative approach.15628452857Balcombe, N., Sinclair, A., Ageing: Definitions, mechanisms and the magnitude of the problem (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 15, pp. 835-849Partridge, L., Gems, D., Mechanisms of ageing: Publicor private? (2002) Nature Rev Gen, 3, pp. 165-175Weinert, B., Timiras, P., Invited review: Theories of aging (2003) J Appl Physiol, 95, pp. 1706-1716Austad, S., (2001) Concepts and Theories of Aging, pp. 3-22. , In: Masoro E, Austad S, Handbook of the Biology of Aging, 5th ed. 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biomarker that identifies senescent human cells in culture and in aging skin in vivo (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92, pp. 9363-9367Promislow, D., On size and survival: Progress and pitfalls in the allometry of life span (1993) J Gerontol, 48, pp. B115-B123Faragher, R., Kill, I., Hunter, J., Pope, F., Tannock, C., Shall, S., The gene responsible for Werner syndrome may be a cell division "counting" gene (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, pp. 12030-12034Schulz, V., Zakian, V., Ogburn, C., McKay, J., Jarzebowicz, A., Edland, S., Martin, G., Accelerated loss of telomeric repeats may not explain accelerated replicative decline of Werner syndrome cells (1996) Hum Genet, 97, pp. 750-754Johnson, F., Sinclair, D., Guarente, L., Molecular biology of aging review (1999) Cell, 96, pp. 291-302Greider, C., Blackburn, E., Telomeres, telomerase and cancer (1996) Sci Am, 2, pp. 92-97Wood, R., DNA repair in eukaryotes (1996) Annu Rev Biochem, 65, pp. 135-167Beckman, K., Ames, B., The free radical 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Lipid Profile And Cardiovascular Risk In A Population Of Elderly Women With Subclinical Hipothyroidism [perfil Lipídico E Risco Cardiovascular Em Mulheres Idosas Portadoras De Hipotiroidismo Subclínico]

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCHT) is a disease characterized by an increase in the thyrostimulating hormone (TSH), which is associated to normal levels of free thyroxin (FT4), which frequently does not present signs and symptoms of clinically manifested hypothyroidism. Literature reports a higher prevalence in women and elderly people. In this work, 76 elderly women with SCHT were studied in the Endocrinology Clinic of FMJ - Jundiaí (São Paulo, Brazil), excluding patients in treatment to hypothyroidism and who presented other endocrinopathy or conditions that cause dyslipidemia. They were analyzed according to: Age (Average ± OR): (70.43±4.84), BMI (27.52±3.07), Systolic Blood Pressure (136.97±17.44), Diastolic Blood Pressure (87.89±10.87), FT4 (1.28±0.25), TSH (12.41±11.19), Total Cholesterol (TC) (257.12±61.22), HDL-c (39.30±8.78), LDL-c (146.49±42.94), VLDL-c (41.13±27.41) and Triglycerides (224.46±123.30). The clinical-laboratorial profiles present in this group was carried out through the clusters' comparative analysis, demonstrating the existence of two profiles: 1. Higher levels of FT4 and HDL-c and lower levels of TSH, CT, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c, CT/HDL-c and LDL/HDL-c; 2. Lower levels of FT4 and HDL-c and higher levels of TSH, CT, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c, CT/HDL-c and LDL/HDL-c. The apparent relationship between SCHT and dyslipidemia resulted in a high CT/HDL-c (p<0.001) and LDL-c/HDL-c (p<0.001) ratios in subgroup 2, which implies in increased cardiovascular risk, due to atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD). In conclusion, this study relates SCHT with dyslipidemia in a group of elderly women, revealing two endocrine-metabolic profiles, in which that with smaller FT4 and HDL-c levels presents a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis. © Copyright Moreira Jr. Editora.648369373Tunbridge, W.M., Natural history of autoimmune thyroiditis (1981) British Medical Journal, 282, pp. 258-262Martin, I.S., Ocampo, E., Subclinical Thyroid Disease (1996) American Jounal of Medicine, 100, pp. 217-223Griffin, G., Screening for subclinical thyroid disease (1998) J Fam Pract, 47 (4), pp. 248-249Helfand, M., Redfern, C.C., Screening for Thyroid Disease: An update (1998) Ann Intern Med, 129, pp. 144-158Falkenberg, M., Screening of an elderly female population for hypo-and-hyperthyroidism by use of a thyroid hormone panel (1983) Acta Med Scand, 214, pp. 361-365Canaris, G.J., The Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study (2000) Archives of Internal Medicine, 160 (4), pp. 526-534Hak, J., Subclinical Hypothyroism Is an Independent Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis and Infarction in Elderly Women: The Rotterdam Study (2000) Arch Intern Med, 132, pp. 270-278Boelaert, K., Franklyn, J.A., Thyroid hormone in heath and disease (2005) Journal of Endocrinology, 187, pp. 1-15Chu, J.W., Crapo, L.M., The Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Seldom Necessary (2001) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 86 (10), pp. 4591-4599Wilson, S., Prevalence of Subclinical Thyroid Disfunction and Its Relation to Socioeconomic Deprivation in the Elderly: A community-Based Cross-Sectional Survey (2006) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91 (12), pp. 4809-4816Diez, J., Iglesias, P., Spontaneous Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients Older than 55 Years: An Analysis of Natural Course and Risk Factors for the Development of Overt Thyroid Failure (2004) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 89 (10), pp. 4890-4897Surks, M.I., (2004) Subclinical Thyroid Disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, JAMA, 291, pp. 228-238Nananda, F., (2004) Subclinical Thyroid Disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, JAMA, 291, pp. 239-243Gullu, S., Effects of levothyroxine treatment on biochemical and hemostasis parameters in patients with hypothyroidism (2005) European Journal of Endocri-nology, 152 (3), pp. 355-361Hueston, W., Pearson, W., Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Hypercholesterolemia (2004) Annalls of Family Medicine, 2, pp. 351-355Arem, R., Patsch, W., Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels in subclinical hypothyroidism. Effect of levothyroxine therapy (1990) Archives of Internal Medicine, 150 (10). , OctoberCaraccio, N., Lipoprotein Profile in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Response to Levothyroxine Replacement, a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study (2002) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 87 (4), pp. 1533-1538Ineck, A.B., Ng, T., Effects of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and its Treatment on Serum Lipids (2003) The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 37 (5), pp. 725-730Imaizumi, M., Risk for Ischemic Heart Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Subclinical Hypothyroidism (2004) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 89 (7), pp. 3365-3370Owen, P.J.D., Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Arterial Stiffness, and Myorcardial Reserve (2006) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91 (6), pp. 2126-2132SAWIN, C.T., The aging thyroid. Thyroid deficiency in the Framingham Study (1985) Archives of Internal Medicine, 145 (8). , AugustAsvold, B.O., Association between Blood Pressure and Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Concentration Within the Reference Range: A Population-Based Study (2007) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 92 (3), pp. 841-845Knudsen, N., Small Differences in Thyroid Function May Be Important for Body Mass Index and the Occurrence of Obesity in the Population (2005) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 90 (7), pp. 4019-4024Danese, M.D., Effect of thyroxine therapy on serum lipoproteins in patients with mild thyroid failure: A quantitative review of the literature (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 85 (9), pp. 2993-3001Romaldini, J.H., Biancalana, M.M., Figueiredo, D.I., Farah, C.S., Mathias, P.C., Effect of L-thyroxine administration on antithyroid antibody levels, lipid profile, and thyroid volume in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (1996) Thyroid, 6, pp. 183-187Castelli, W.P., Incidence of coronary heart disease and lipoprotein cholesterol levels (1986) The Framingham Study. Journal of the American Medical Association, JAMA, 256, pp. 2835-2838Castelli, W.P., Cholesterol and lipids in the risk of coronary artery disease - the Framingham Heart Study (1988) Can. J. Cardiol, 4, pp. 5A-10

Medicine Adeshion In Eldery People In An Ambulatorial Attendance [adesão Medicamentosa Em Idosos Em Seguimento Ambulatorial]

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the elderly drug adhesion in an outpatient geriatric service linked to the State University Hospital of Campinas (São Paulo, Brazil) as well as to identify the related events to this adhesion. One hundred sixty five elders were submitted to an interview. It was used an instrument to collect information about the patients' identification, besides the self-reported state of health and drug utilization. The data were evaluated through the descriptive and comparative analysis. They showed that most of the elderly (88.5%) have confirmed the drug adhesion and among them 91.1% were living with company. The elderly who were living alone presented three-time more chance of non-adhesion to the drug therapy (OR: 3.655). Those that have referred drug side effects presented seven-time more chance of nonadhesion (OR: 7.092). The associated events which better predict the drug non-adhesion were: "living alone" (OR: 4.346) and "side effects" (OR: 8.219).15SUPPL. 335073515http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/contagem2007/defaulttab.shtm, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). [site da Internet] [acessado 2008 mar 3]. Disponível emVeras, R., Em busca de uma assistência adequada à saúde do idoso: Revisão da literatura e aplicação de um instrumento de detecção precoce e de previsibilidade de agravos (2003) Cad Saude Publica, 19 (3), pp. 705-715Chaimowicz, F., A saúde dos idosos brasileiros às vésperas do século XXI: Problemas, projeções e alternativas (1997) Rev Saude Publica, 31 (8), pp. 184-200Mosegui, G.B.G., Rozenfeld, S., Veras, R.P., Vianna, C.M.M., Avaliação da qualidade do uso de medicamentos em idosos (1999) Rev Saude Publica, 33 (5), pp. 437-444Teixeira, J.J.V., Spínola, A.W.P., Comportamento do paciente idoso frente à aderência medicamentosa (1998) Arq Geriatr Gerontol, 2 (1), pp. 5-9Nóbrega, O.T., Karnikowski, M.G.O., A terapia medicamentosa no idoso: Cuidados na medicação (2005) Cien Saude Colet, 10 (2), pp. 309-313Ferreira, A.B.H., (1986) Novo Dicionário Da Língua Portuguesa, , 2a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Nova FronteiraLeite, S.N., Vasconcellos, M.P.C., Adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa: Elementos para a discussão de conceitos e pressupostos adotados na literatura (2003) Cien Saude Colet, 8 (3), pp. 775-782Bernstein, L.R., Folkman, S., Lazarus, R.S., Characterization of the use and misuse of medications by an elderly, ambulatory population (1989) Medical Care, 27 (6), pp. 654-663Brawley, L.R., Culos-Reed, S.N., Studying adherence to therapeutic regimens (2000) Control Clin Trials, 21 (5), pp. 156-163Firmo, J.A.O., Lima-Costa, M.F., Uchôa, E., Projeto Bambuí: Maneiras de pensar e agir de idosos hipertensos (2004) Cad Saude Publica, 20 (4), pp. 1029-1040Guedes, N.G., Costa, F.B.C., Moreira, R.P., Chaves, E.S., Araújo, T.L., Crises hipertensivas em portadores de hipertensão arterial em tratamento ambulatorial (2005) Rev Esc Enf USP, 39 (2), pp. 181-188Vasconcelos, F.F., Victor, J.F., Moreira, T.M.M., Araújo, T.L., Utilização medicamentosa por idosos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família de Fortaleza-CE (2005) Acta Paul Enferm, 18 (2), pp. 78-83Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S.M., Giatti, L., Condições de saúde, capacidade funcional, uso de serviços de saúde e gastos com medicamentos da população idosa brasileira: Um estudo descritivo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2003) Cad Saude Pública, 19 (3), pp. 735-743Lobiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J., (1994) Nursing Research: Methods, Critical Appraisal and Utilization, , 3rd. ed. St. Louis: Mosby(2003) Estatuto Do Idoso, , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 1a ed. Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeStevens, J., (1992) Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences, , 2nd ed. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum AssociatesMoreira, T.M.M., Araújo, T.L., Verificação da eficácia de uma proposta de cuidado para aumento da adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial (2004) Acta Paul Enferm, 17 (3), pp. 268-277Cooper, C., Carpenter, I., Katona, C., Schroll, M., Wagner, C., Fialova, D., Livingstone, G., The AdHOC Study of Older Adults' Adherence to Medication in 11 Countries (2005) Am J Psychiatry, 13 (12), pp. 1067-1076Diaz, R.B., Adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso em pacientes idosos (1996) Gerontologia, pp. 230-241. , In: Papaléo Netto M, São Paulo: AtheneuLoyola-Filho, A.I., Uchoa, E., Firmo, J.O.A., Lima-Costa, M.A., Estudo de base populacional sobre o consume de medicamentos entre idosos: Projeto Bambuí (2005) Cad Saude Publica, 21 (2), pp. 545-553Nir, Z., Weisel-Eichler, A., Improving knowledge and skills for use of medication by patients after stroke: Evaluation of a nursing intervention (2006) Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 85 (7), pp. 582-592Cintra, F.A., Sawaia, B.B., A significação do glaucoma e a mediação dos significados de velhice na perspective vygotskiana: Subsídios para a educação à saúde (2000) Rev Esc Enf USP, 34 (4), pp. 339-34

Clinical Relationship Between Chagas' Disease And Primary Arterial Hypertension In An Outpatient Reference Service [interação Clínica Entre Moléstia De Chagas E Hipertensão Arterial Primária Em Um Serviço De Referênda Ambulatorial]

Purpose - To evaluate the clinical relationship between Chagas' disease and primary arterial hypertension. Methods - The study involved 878 chronic chagasic outpatients followed by the Chagas' Disease Study Group of the University Hospital (Unicamp), over a 15-year period. Initially, the age, gender, race, clinical form of Chagas' disease and the presence of hypertension were noted for each patient. Subsequently, the data for matched hypertensive and normotensive chagasic patients were compared. Results - Of the chagasic patients 37% were hypertensive, of those, 65% had some form of heart disease compared to 49% in the normotensive group. Of those patients with Chagas' disease and arterial hypertension, 41%were blacks and 35% were caucasians. Fifty percent of the hypertensive chagasic patients were over 45 years old compared to only 29% of the non-hypertensive patients. Conclusion - Most of the hypertensive chagasic patients were 45 or more years old and showed some degree of heart failure compared to the normotensive group.706431434Palmero, H.A., Caeiro, T.F., El desafio de la enfermedad de Chagas (1982) Medicina, 42, pp. 69-75Gallo Jr., L., Morelo, F.J., Maciel, B.C., Marin-Neto, J.A., Barreto, L.E.M., Lima, F.E.C., Functional evaluation of sympathetic and parasympathetic system in Chagas' disease using dynamic exercise (1987) Cardiovasc Res, 21, pp. 922-927Soato, G.G., Vichi, F.L., Neto, A.R., Macedo, R.R., Carvalho, D.S., Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em grupos de pacientes chagásicos e não chagásicos em população de hospital geral (1974) Rev Paul Med, 84, pp. 121-123Mediado Faria, M.A., Yasuda, M.A.S., Araujo, M.J.O., Lancarotte, I., Capano, E.A., Ruiz Neto, P.P., Formas clínicas da doença de Chagas na Grande São Paulo (1982) Arq Bras Cardiol, 38, pp. 99-109Guariento, M.E., Ramos, M.C., Gontijo, J.A.R., Carvalhal, S.S., Doença de Chagas e hipertensão arterial primäna (1993) Arq Bras Caidiol, 60, pp. 71-75Frolich, E.D., Grim, C., Labarthe, D.R., Maxwell, M.H., Perloff, D., Heidman, W.H., Recommendations for human blood pressure determination by sphygmomanometers (1988) Hypertension, 2, pp. 209A-22AOparil, S., Arten al hypertension (1992) Cecil Textbook of Medicine 19th Ed, pp. 253-269. , Wyngaarden JB, Smith LH, Bennett JC, ed Philadelphia: WB SaundersFuchs, F.D., Moreira, L.B., Moraes, R.S., Bredemeier, M., Cardozo, S.C., Prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e fatores associados na região urbana de Porto Alegie. Estudo de base populacional (1995) Arq Bras Cardiol, 63, pp. 473-479Debert-Ribeiro, M.B., Ribeiro, A.B., Stabile, C., Ramos, O.L., Hypertension and economic activities in São Paulo, Brazil (1981) Hypertension, 3 (2 SUPPL.), pp. II233-7Mendivil, G.T., Schenone, E., Princich, J., La pression arterial enjovenes de 18 años de un area endérimca para la enfeimedad de Chagas (1978) Medicina, 38, pp. 741-743Guariento, M.E., Parma, M.F., Orosz, J.E.B., Freitas, A.G., Morano, F.G., Rocha, R.H., Caracterização da doença de Chaga J quanto a gênero (1994) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 27 (2 SUPL), pp. 141-141Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The 1988 report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure Detailed recommendations for the diagnosis and pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of systemic hypertension (1988) Arch Intern Med, 148, pp. 1023-1038Guariento, M.E., Implicaçōes ocupacionais e trabalhistas da doença de Chagas nos centros urbanos (1994) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 27 (4 SUPL), pp. 139-141Koeberle, F., The causation and importance of nervous lesions in American trypanosomiasis (1970) Bull WHO, 4, pp. 7-39Manço, J.C., Gallo Jr., L., Marin-Neto, J.A., Terra, F.J., Maciel, B.C., Amorim, D.S., Alteraçōes funcionais do sistema nervoso autônome (1985) Cardiopatia Chagásica, pp. 91-98. , Cançado JR, Chuster M, eds Belo Horizonte: Fundação Carlos ChagasGuariento, M.E., Muscelli, E.O., Gontijo, J.A.R., Chronotropic and blood pressure response to oral glucose load in Chagas' disease (1994) São Paulo Medical Journal/ RPM, 112, pp. 602-606Guariento, M.E., Teixeira, C.O., Teixeira, M.A.D., Resposta cronotrópicae pressórica em chagásicos hipertensos submetidos à ingestão oral de glicose (1994) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 27 (2 SUPL), p. 143Cannon, W.B., A law of denervation (1939) Am J Sci, 198, pp. 737-750Caeiro, T.F., Palmero, H.A., Iosa, D.J., Estudio del reflejo barorreceptor en la enfermedad de Chagas (1989) Medicina, 40, pp. 27-32Acquatella, H., Puigbó, J.J., Renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion after saline infusion in patients with Chagas' disease (1974) Arq Bras Cardiol, 27, pp. 551-562Diament, J., Forti, N., Gianinni, S.D., Alterações metabólicas na doença de Chagas (1981) Arq Bras Cardiol, 37, pp. 189-19

Working Conditions Of Chagas' Disease Patients In A Large Brazilian City.

This study evaluated the working conditions of Chagas' disease patients in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, focusing on two-hundred-fifty patients with steady employment and treated at the University Hospital (HC-FCM/Unicamp): 98% were working-age and 77.6% were men. The origin of the patients reflected the migratory process occurring among this population. Most of the patients had limited professional skills, while 63.6% had not finished primary school and 21.6% were illiterate. However, 63.6% were regularly employed under duly processed work contracts. Their jobs were mainly in general services (21.6%) and heavy industry (21.2%). Some 55% of the patients reported a monthly income less than or equal to U$100.00, and 40.4% reported having been fired at least once during the last ten years, in 8.9% of the cases because of a diagnosis of Chagas' disease. Of the patients undergoing pre-hiring physical examinations (57.2%), 9.1% were refused, 92.3% of whom due to positive serology for T. cruzi. Finally, 78.4% reported not belonging to a labor union. The study demonstrated the precarious working conditions and discrimination experienced by workers with Chagas' disease.15238138

Associations Among Self-reported Diabetes, Nutritional Status, And Socio-demographic Variables In Community-dwelling Older Adults

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe relationships between self-reported diabetes mellitus and its treatment, according to demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as indicators of nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This is a population-based and a cross-sectional study derived from the multicentric survey "Frailty in Brazilian Elderly". The random sample consisted of 881 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older from the city of Campinas. The self-reported variables were: age, gender, family income (minimum salaries), education (years of education); and absolute data (yes versus no) regarding unintentional weight loss and weight gain, diabetes, and its treatment. Anthropometric variables were collected by trained examiners following classic protocols. Body mass index was classified as: underweight 1.00 and >0.90. Results: The variables most associated with diabetes were obesity (OR=2.19), abdominal adiposity (OR=2.97), and unintentional weight loss (OR=3.38). The lack of diabetes treatment was associated with advanced age (p=0.027), lower educational level (p=0.005), and low metabolic risk (p=0.004). Conclusion: Self-reported diabetes was associated with obesity but mostly with abdominal adiposity and unintentional weight loss. Not being treated for diabetes mellitus was associated with advanced age, lower levels of education, and lower abdominal adiposity.276653664Schmidt, M.I., Duncan, B.B., Silva, G.A., Menezes, A.M., Monteiro, C.A., Barreto, S.A., Chronic noncommunicable diseases in Brazil: Burden and current challenges (2011) Lancet., 377 (9781), pp. 1949-1961(2006) Definition and diagnosis of diabetes Mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/IDF consultation, , Geneva: WHOConwell, L.J., Boult, C., The effects of complications and comorbidities on the quality of preventive diabetes care: A literature review (2008) Popul Health Manag., 11 (4), pp. 217-228(2013) IDF Diabetes Atlas, , http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas, 6th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation[cited 2014 Jun 10]. Available from:Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (2012) Vigitel Brasil 2011: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico, , Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeHu, F.B., Globalization of diabetes: The role of diet, lifestyle and genes (2011) Diabetes Care., 34 (6), pp. 1249-1257Kuk, J.L., Saunders, T.J., Davidson, L.E., Ross, R., Agerelated changes in total and regional fat distribution (2009) Ageing Res Rev., 8 (4), pp. 339-348Kaur, J., A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome (2014) Cardiol Res Pract., 2014Vazquez, G., Duval, S., Jacobs Jr., D.R., Silventoinen, K., Comparison of body mass index, waist circumference and waist/hip ratio in predicting incident diabetes: A meta-analysis (2007) Epidemiol Rev., 29, pp. 115-128Cheng, C.H., Ho, C.C., Yang, C.F., Huang, Y.C., Lai, C.H., Liaw, Y.P., Waist-to-hip ratio is a better anthropometric index than body mass index for predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes in Taiwanese population (2010) Nutr Res., 30 (9), pp. 585-593Cervi, A., Franceschini, C.C., Priore, E., Federal, U., Regional, U., Grande, R., Critical analysis of the use of the body mass index for the elderly (2005) Rev Nutr., 18 (6), pp. 765-775Características étnico-raciais da população: um estudo das categorias de classificação de cor ou raça (2013) Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, , http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/caracteristicas_raciais/PCERP2008.pdf, [cited 2013 Oct 11]. Available from:Ferrucci, L., Guralnik, J.M., Studenski, S., Fried, L.P., Cutler Jr., G.B., Walston, J.D., Designing randomized, controlled trials aimed at preventing or delaying functional decline and disability in frail, older persons: A consensus report (2004) J Am Geriatr Soc., 52 (4), pp. 625-634Neri, A.L., Yassuda, M.S., Araújo, L.F., Eulálio, M.C., Cabral, B.E., Siqueira, M.E.C., Methodology and social, demographic, cognitive, and frailty profiles of community-dwelling elderly from seven Brazilian cities: The FIBRA study (2013) Cad Saúde Pública., 29 (4), pp. 778-792Physical status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry (1995) Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva: World Health Organization, , http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_854.pdf?ua=1, [cited 2012 Jun 5]. Available from:(2001) 36a Reunión del Comitê Asesor de Investigaciones en Salud - Encuesta Multicêntrica - Salud Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) en América Latina y el Caribe: Informe preliminar, , http://www.opas.org/program/sabe.htm, Jul 9-11, Kingston, Jamaica. Washington (DC): Pan-American Health Organization [acceso 2012 Jan 15]. Disponible en:Lohman, T.G., Roche, A.F., Martorell, R., (1988) Anthropometric standardization reference manual, , Illinois: Human Kinetics BooksLebrão, M.L., Laurenti, R., Health, well-being and aging: the SABE Study in São Paulo, Brazil (2005) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 8 (2), pp. 127-141Campino, A.C.C., Cyrillo, D.C., Situação de ocupação e renda (2003) O Projeto SABE no Município de São Paulo: uma abordagem inicial, pp. 241-255. , In: Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO. Brasília: OPASFrancisco, P.M.S.B., Belon, A.P., Barros, M.B.A., Carandina, L., Alves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Self-reported diabetes in the elderly: Prevalence, associated factors and control practices (2010) Cad Saúde Pública., 26 (1), pp. 175-184Wennberg, A.M.V., Gottesman, R.F., Kaufmann, C.N., Albert, M.S., Chen-Edinboro, L.P., Rebok, G.W., Diabetes and cognitive outcomes in a nationally representative sample: The National Health and Aging Trends Study (2014) Int Psychogeriatr., 30, pp. 1-7Aurichio, T.R., Rebelatto, J.R., Castro, A.P., Obesity among older people of the City of São Carlos, SP, Brazil, and its association with diabetes Mellitus and joint pain (2010) Fisioter Pesq., 17 (2), pp. 114-117Barros, M.B.A., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Zanchetta, L.M., César, C.L.G., Trends in social and demographic inequalities in the prevalence of chronic diseases in Brazi. PNAD: 2003-2008 (2011) Cienc Saúde Colet., 16 (9), pp. 3755-3768Agardh, E., Allebeck, P., Hallqvist, J., Moradi, T., Sidorchuk, A., Type 2 diabetes incidence and socioeconomic position: A systematic review and metaanalysis (2011) Int J Epidemiol., 40 (3), pp. 804-818Marin, M.J.S., Cecílio, L.C.O., Perez, A.E.W.U.F., Santella, F., Silva, C.B.A., Gonçalves Filho, J.R., Use of medicines by the elderly in a Family Health Program unit in Brazil (2008) Cad Saúde Pública., 24 (7), pp. 1545-1555Munshi, M.N., Maguchi, M., Segal, A.R., Treatment of type 2 diabetes in the elderly (2012) Curr Diab Rep., 12 (3), pp. 139-145Nascimento, C.M., Ribeiro, A.Q., Cotta, R.M.M., Acurcio, F.A., Peixoto, S.V., Priore, S.E., Nutritional status and associated factors among the elderly in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (2011) Cad Saúde Pública., 27 (12), pp. 2409-2418Marucci, M.F.N., Barbosa, A.R., Estado nutricional e capacidade física (2003) O Projeto SABE no Município de São Paulo: uma abordagem inicial, pp. 95-117. , In: Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO. Brasília: OPASMunaretti, D.B., Barbosa, A.R., Marucci, M.F.N., Lebrão, M.L., Self-rated hypertension and anthropometric indicators of body fat in elderly (2011) Rev Assoc Med Bras., 57 (1), pp. 25-30Benedetti, T.R.B., Meurer, S.T., Morini, S., Anthropometric indices related to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in older adults (2012) Rev Educ Fis UEM., 23 (1), pp. 123-130Rodbard, H.W., Bays, H.E., Gavin, J.R., Green, A.J., Bazata, D.D., Lewis, S.J., Rate and risk predictors for development of self-reported type-2 diabetes mellitus over a 5-year period: The SHIELD Study (2012) Int J Clin Pract., 66 (7), pp. 684-691Barzilay, J.I., Blaum, C., Moore, T., Xue, Q.L., Hirsch, C.H., Walston, J.D., Insulin resistance and inflammation as precursors of frailty: The cardiovascular health study (2007) Arch Intern Med., 167 (7), pp. 635-641Goulet, E.D., Hassaine, A., Dionne, I.J., Gaudreau, P., Khalil, A., Fulop, T., Frailty in the elderly is associated with insulin resistance of glucose metabolism in the postabsorptive state only in the presence of increased abdominal fat (2009) Exp Gerontol., 44 (11), pp. 740-744Ahmed, T., Haboubi, N., Assessment and management of nutrition in older people and its importance to health (2010) Clin Interv Aging., 5, pp. 207-216Murphy, R.A., Patel, K.V., Kritchevsky, S.B., Houston, D.K., Newman, A.B., Koster, A., Weight change, body composition, and risk of mobility disability and mortality in older adults: A population-based cohort study (2014) J Am Geriatr Soc., 62 (8), pp. 1476-1483Corona, L.P., Nunes, D.P., Alexandre, T.S., Santos, J.L.F., Duarte, Y.A.O., Lebrão, M.L., Weight gain among elderly woman as risk fator for disability: Health, Well-Being and Aging Study (SABE Study) (2013) J Aging Health., 25 (1), pp. 119-135Cricelli, C., Mazzaglia, G., Samani, F., Marchi, M., Sabatini, A., Nardi, R., Prevalence estimates for chronic diseases in Italy: Exploring the differences between self-report and primary care databases (2003) J Public Health Med., 25 (3), pp. 254-257Schneider, A.L.C., Pankow, J.S., Heiss, G., Selvin, E., Validity and reliability of self-reported diabetes in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study (2012) Am J Epidemiol., 176 (8), pp. 738-74

Screening Blood Donors For Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection In A Nonendemic Area Of Brazil [1]

[No abstract available]38661161