The Ecotoxicology of Microbial Insecticides and Their Toxins in Genetically Modified Crops: An Overview.

Abstract: The use of microbial insecticides and their toxins in biological control and transgenic plants has increased their presence in the environment. Although they are natural products, the main concerns are related to the potential impacts on the environment and human health. Several assays have been performed worldwide to investigate the toxicity or adverse effects of these microbial products or their individual toxins. This overview examines the published data concerning the knowledge obtained about the ecotoxicity and environmental risks of these natural pesticides. The data presented show that many results are difficult to compare due to the diversity of measurement units used in the different research data. Even so, the products and toxins tested present low toxicity and low risk when compared to the concentrations used for pesticide purposes. Complementary studies should be carried out to assess possible effects on human health

Análise da regulamentação do Banco de Perfis Genéticos no Brasil diante das premissas da jurisprudência da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos

Os bancos de perfis genéticos com fins de persecução penal estabeleceram uma nova forma de investigação, contribuindo para a resolução de crimes, sobretudo homicídios e estupros. Entretanto, constata-se que, no Brasil, a coleta de material genético obrigatória de condenados por crime praticado com violência contra a pessoa ou considerado hediondo, conforme preconiza o artigo 9o- da Lei n° 12.654/2012, exsurge questionamento a respeito da mitigação de direitos fundamentais e de princípios bioéticos, tais como a integridade corporal, não-maleficência, privacidade, autodeterminação, presunção de inocência, direito ao silêncio e não autoincriminação

Acute toxicity and cytotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus strains on fish and mouse bone marrow.

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Toxicidade reprodutiva do agrotoxico endosulfan para caramujos aquaticos: estudo em duas geracoes de Biomphalaria tenagophila.

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Dynamic fuel retention in tokamak wall materials: An in situ laboratory study of deuterium release from polycrystalline tungsten at room temperature

International audienceRetention of deuterium ion implanted in polycrystalline tungsten samples is studied in situ in an ultra-high vacuum apparatus equipped with a low-flux ion source and a high sensitivity thermo-desorption setup. Retention as a function of ion fluence was measured in the 10^17 -10^21 D+/m^2 range. By combining this new fluence range with the literature in situ experimental data, we evidence the existence of a retention = fluence^ 0.645±0.025 relationship which describes deuterium retention behavior on polycrystalline tungsten on 8 orders of magnitude of fluence. Evolution of deuterium retention as a function of the sample storage time in vacuum at room temperature was followed. A loss of 50% of the retained deuterium is observed when the storage time is increased from 2 h to 135 h. The role of the surface and of natural bulk defects on the deuterium retention/release in polycrystalline tungsten is discussed in light of the behavior of the single desorption peak obtained with Temperature Programmed Desorption