On the Operative Cure of Laryngeal Papillomata

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The Crystal Structure of Coronene and Related Hydrocarbons

The crystal structures of the hydrocarbons coronene, pyrene and the orthorhombic modification of 1.2:5.6 dibenzanthracene have been investigated by X-ray diffraction methods. The experimental data for corenene were measured by the author and those for the other two compounds by Prof. J. M. Robertson. Variations have been found in carbon-carbon bond distances in different parts of the molecules and in the case of coronene these are considered to be beyond experimental error, but in the other compounds the position is less certain in view of unfavourable resolution in the Fourier projection maps. Errors arising in coordinates obtained from two-dimensional Fourier analyses have been investigated and the results applied to the structure analyses mentioned above. The bond distances measured in coronene, pyrene and di-benzanthracene are discussed in terms of the stable valency bond structures for the three compounds and a large measure of agreement is found to exist between the measured and calculated values

What are People’s Experiences of Orthorexia Nervosa, as Described in Online Blogs?

This thesis also includes a systematic review entitled: What is the Relationship between Vegetarianism and Eating Pathology? A Systematic Literature Review Abstract: Recent trends in dieting have placed more emphasis on an individual’s responsibility for healthy and moral eating, and seen a rise in food group elimination diets. Vegetarianism (the elimination of meat and animal products) is becoming more mainstream in the UK, yet there is debate whether vegetarianism can serve as a way of hiding disordered eating, providing an acceptable reason for food restriction and restraint. To date, there is mixed evidence as to whether there is a relationship between vegetarianism and disordered eating, and if so, what the nature of this relationship might be. This systematic literature review aimed to look at existing research examining the relationship between vegetarianism and eating pathology. A search was carried out in four key electronic databases, and four relevant journals. 662 records were identified, and 24 (comprising 26 relevant studies) were retained after data screening. Findings suggest an increased prevalence of vegetarianism amongst eating disorder patients compared with controls, and higher rates of self-reported disordered eating amongst vegetarians compared with non-vegetarians in non-clinical samples. Nevertheless, research to date is limited by over-reliance on convenience sampling in mainly female non-clinical populations, and poor operationalisation of vegetarianism. Future research would benefit from clearer definitions of vegetarianism and its subgroups, more qualitative research exploring individual’s experiences and perspectives, and more diverse samples. Research classifying subgroups based on their motivation for restriction would also be helpful, as it is likely that the reasons for dietary restrictions, as well as the foods that are restricted, are important in predicting eating pathology. Keywords: Vegetarianism, Eating Pathology, Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Orthorexia NervosaOrthorexia Nervosa (ON) is the term for a proposed new eating disorder, used to describe a pathological obsession with healthy or ‘clean’ eating. For individuals with ON, the obsession with eating ‘healthy’ foods, and the elimination of foods considered ‘unhealthy’ or ‘impure’, results in impairment to social, physical, occupational and/or other areas of functioning. Whilst there is still debate as to whether ON describes a distinct eating disorder, and there is no consensus around diagnostic criteria as yet, ON is an emerging topic for research, with more cases coming to light both clinically, and in the media. Although some quantitative research has been carried out in ON, particularly focusing on the measurement and prevalence rates of this proposed disorder, no qualitative studies have been published to date to explore individuals’ personal experiences of ON. Thus, for this project, 40 pre-existing blog entries describing first-person experiences of ON from fifteen women bloggers were analysed using thematic analysis. Five key themes were identified: 1) confusion around diagnosis, 2) initial motivations for a healthier lifestyle, 3) fuelling the problem- social influences, 4) when healthy becomes unhealthy…, and 5) avoidance, isolation and compensation. The clinical implications of these findings were explored, particularly focusing on the social context of ON, diagnostic crossover between ON and other eating disorders, and the role of fear, perfectionism and perceived control. Whilst the debate around the diagnosis of ON continues, these bloggers’ accounts suggest that ON is experienced as a legitimate and debilitating disorder, worthy of clinical and research investigation in its own right

The Morphology/Syntax Interface: Evidence from Possessive Adjectives in Slavonic

P[ossessive] A[djective]s in Slavonic, formed from nouns via suffixation, show unusual syntactic behavior. In Upper Sorbian, the form of attributive modifiers, relative pronouns, and personal pronouns can be controlled by the syntactic features of the noun underlying the PA. Control of attributive modifiers gives rise to phrases in which word structure and phrase structure do not match. The fact that the underlying noun is available for syntactic purposes suggests that PA formation is an inflectional process, while other factors (such as change of word-class membership) point just as clearly to a derivational process. It thus appears that any sharp differentiation between inflectional and derivational morphology must be abandoned. Data presented from all thirteen Slavonic languages, based on extensive work with native speakers, show that the control possibilities of the PA vary considerably. However, control of the attributive modifier is possible only if control of the relative pronoun is also possible, and that in turn only if control of the personal pronoun is possible. This result is subsumed under the constraints of the Agreement Hierarchy.</p

Child-infant interaction: a micro-analysis

Thirty-two children were video-recorded in face-to-face interaction with 10 month old infant partners. The child sample comprised equal numbers of two age groups (4 & 7 years), two experience levels (with & without baby siblings) and the two sexes. The sample of babies was similarly balanced for sex and experience with older siblings. The dyadic interactions were subjected to frame-by-frame analysis. The speech and behaviours of the children were classified according to a category system pertaining to the speech style, Motherese, and the caregivers' repertoire of behaviours. Social-approach behaviours and number of responses to babies' overtures were also noted. A sample of mothers interacting with their infants was included in the analysis to provide a source of comparison with the children. The babies' behaviours were classified according to the number of vocalizations and social-approaches made. The emergence of child-infant interaction skills is discussed, with special reference to the evolution of the speech style, Motherese, and the caregivers' repertoire of behaviours. The different aspects of interaction - speech style, behaviours, approaches and responsiveness, were found to vary in the child as a function of age, sex and experience with a baby sibling. Social-approach behaviours in the baby were found to vary according to experience with an older sibling. There was no variance in the babies' behaviours due to sex

Politeness as a feature: so important and so rare

Politeness has a major place in many languages, and is remarkably pervasive in some. Yet we rarely find respect as a morphosyntactic feature, alongside gender, person, number and case. I document this imbalance, and then ask why this is what we find

Generalized inversion of the Hochschild coboundary operator and deformation quantization

Using a derivative decomposition of the Hochschild differential complex we define a generalized inverse of the Hochschild coboundary operator. It can be applied for systematic computations of star products on Poisson manifolds.Comment: 9 pages, misprints correcte