24 research outputs found
Sequence recombination and conservation of Varroa destructor virus-1 and deformed wing virus in field collected honey bees (Apis mellifera)
We sequenced small (s)RNAs from field collected honeybees (Apis mellifera) and bumblebees (Bombus pascuorum) using the Illumina technology. The sRNA reads were assembled and resulting contigs were used to search for virus homologues in GenBank. Matches with Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV1) and Deformed wing virus (DWV) genomic sequences were obtained for A. mellifera but not B. pascuorum. Further analyses suggested that the prevalent virus population was composed of VDV-1 and a chimera of 5â-DWV-VDV1-DWV-3â. The recombination junctions in the chimera genomes were confirmed by using RT-PCR, cDNA cloning and Sanger sequencing. We then focused on conserved short fragments (CSF, size > 25 nt) in the virus genomes by using GenBank sequences and the deep sequencing data obtained in this study. The majority of CSF sites confirmed conservation at both between-species (GenBank sequences) and within-population (dataset of this study) levels. However, conserved nucleotide positions in the GenBank sequences might be variable at the within-population level. High mutation rates (Pi>10%) were observed at a number of sites using the deep sequencing data, suggesting that sequence conservation might not always be maintained at the population level. Virus-host interactions and strategies for developing RNAi treatments against VDV1/DWV infections are discussed
Age and growth of diadromous Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842) in southernmost South America (54° S) including contribution of age classes to reproduction
Infectivity of DWV Associated to Flower Pollen: Experimental Evidence of a Horizontal Transmission Route
Effects of Acute Restraint Stress, Prolonged Captivity Stress and Transdermal Corticosterone Application on Immunocompetence and Plasma Levels of Corticosterone on the Cururu Toad (Rhinella icterica)
Semantic Language as a Mechanism Explaining the Association between ADHD Symptoms and Reading and Mathematics Underachievement
Inhibition of the Hantavirus Fusion Process by Predicted Domain III and Stem Peptides from Glycoprotein Gc
Fluoride contamination of groundwater and its seasonal variability in parts of Purulia district, West Bengal, India
Honeybee health in South America
Honeybees are essential components to modern agriculture and economy. However, a continuous increase in cases of colony losses and colony depopulation are being reported worldwide. This critical situation has put the fragile equilibrium between bees and plants on the edge. As a consequence, several scientists have begun to focus their lines of research on this issue. Most researchers agree that there is no single explanation for the observed colony losses. Instead, these losses result from a synergistic interaction between different stressors. South America is not the exception; several cases of colony losses and colony depopulation were reported by beekeepers throughout the continent, yet no accurate data has been published to date. Therefore, this article attempts to analyze the past and present situation of honeybee health in South America, specifically in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. Furthermore, it is intended to serve as a comparison to future colony losses, as well as to provide guidance for future hypothesis-driven research on the causes of colony mortality. We evaluate the impact of the main parasites and pathogens affecting honeybee colonies and discuss the role of each with respect to reported honeybee losses. We also contemplate the main challenges that each nation must confront with regards to honeybee health.Fil: Maggi, MatĂas Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Antunez, Karina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Invernizzi, Ciro. Universidad de la RepĂșblica; UruguayFil: Aldea, Patricia. Universidad Mayor. Facultad de SilvoagropecuarĂa. Centro de Emprendimiento ApĂcola; ChileFil: Vargas, Marisol. Universidad de ConcepciĂłn; ChileFil: Negri, Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Brasesco, Maria Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: de Jong, David. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Message, Dejair. Universidade Federal do SemiĂĄrido; BrasilFil: Texeira, Erica Weinstein. Agencia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios; BrasilFil: Principal, Judith. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias. EstaciĂłn de Apicultura; VenezuelaFil: Barrios, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias. EstaciĂłn de Apicultura; VenezuelaFil: Ruffinengo, Sergio Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: RodrĂguez Da Silva, Rafael. Universidad Mayor. Facultad de SilvoagropecuarĂa. Centro de Emprendimiento ApĂcola; ChileFil: Eguaras, Martin Javier. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentin