Response of potential cucurbit rootstocks against Meloidogyne spp

the Cucurbita hybrids, usually used as cucurbit rootstocks, are susceptible to Meloidogyne. Its cultivation increases the nematode population densities at similar levels than ungrafted cucumber or melon crops, and higher 'Ievels than watermelon.Postprint (published version

Grafting melons onto potential cucumis spp. rootstocks

Cucumís melo is an economically importar]t crop. Its culture is hampered by differen t types of soil stresses. Grafting melons onto different resistant cucurbits belonging to the genera, Cucurbíta, Lagenaría, Luffa, etc. have been successfully used to avoid these problems. However, me Ion quality has been nega.tively modified as a consequence of grafting. In general, variation in fruit shape, seed cavity and sugar content have been observed. The use of rootstocks more genetically c\oser to the melon scions could be useful to obtain fru i ts with better quality from melon grafted plantsPostprint (published version

Efecto de dosis de acido polimaleico en la estabilidad estructural de suelos salinos.

Se estudió el efecto de distintas dosis de ácido polimaleico sobre la estabilidad estructural de tres tipos de suelos salinos. Se separaron los agregados naturales que pasaron por el tamiz de 4,00 mm y quedaron retenidos en el tamiz de 2,00 mm, se aplicaron dosis de ácido polimaleico de 0,5, 10 y 15 L/ha sobre los agregados. Cada 30 dias se determinó la distribución de agregados estables y el porcentage de arcilla dispersa en agua. Para los tres tipos de suelos las dosis más elevadas presentaron un mayor aumento del diámetro medio ponderado de los agregados y mayor reducción del porcentaje de arcilla dispersa en agua

The interplay between immune system and microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: A narrative review

The importance of the gut microbiota in human health is currently well established. It contributes to many vital functions such as development of the host immune system, digestion and metabolism, barrier against pathogens or brain–gut communication. Microbial colonization occurs during infancy in parallel with maturation of the host immune system; therefore, an adequate cross‐talk between these processes is essential to generating tolerance to gut microbiota early in life, which is crucial to prevent allergic and immune‐mediated diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an exacerbated immune reaction against intestinal microbiota. Changes in abundance in the gut of certain microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea have been associated with IBD. Microbes that are commonly found in high abundance in healthy gut microbiomes, such as F. prausnitzii or R. hominis, are reduced in IBD patients. E. coli, which is usually present in a healthy gut in very low concentrations, is increased in the gut of IBD patients. Microbial taxa influence the immune system, hence affecting the inflammatory status of the host. This review examines the IBD microbiome profile and presents IBD as a model of dysbiosis.This study was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain (grant numbers PI16/01296 and PI19/01034), by Sara Borrell contract CD19/00247 to L.A.-G. and by CIBEReh

Current evidence on the use of the adalimumab biosimilar SB5 (ImraldiTM): a multidisciplinary perspective

This review provides an overview of data from trials and real-world studies available for SB5 (ImraldiTM) across three main therapeutic areas: rheumatology, gastroenterology, and dermatology. Areas covered A literature search for publications on data for SB5 efficacy/effectiveness, safety, and immunogenicity was undertaken. Expert opinion, Evidence derived from clinical studies suggest that the biosimilar SB5 is a safe and effective alternative to reference adalimumab. Considering that patients suffering from immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis often require long-term biologic treatment, biosimilar medicines (such as SB5) can reduce healthcare costs while increasing access to effective treatment

Spray-dried plasma promotes growth, modulates the activity of antioxidant defenses, and enhances the immune status of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fingerlings

Terrestrial animal byproduct meals, including nonruminant blood meal and blood products, represent the largest and largely untapped safe source of animal protein available within the international market for the aquafeed industry. Spray-dried blood and spray-dried plasma (SDP) proteins have long been recognized as high-quality feed ingredients for farmed animals. In this study, we evaluated the inclusion of SDP from porcine blood (SDPP) in growing diets for gilthead sea bream. Three isonitrogenous (CP = 51.2%) and isolipidic (fat = 12.4%) diets manufactured by cold extrusion (0.8 to 1.5 mm pellet size) were prepared by substituting high-quality fish meal with 0, 3, and 6% SDPP. The diets were tested for a period of 60 d at 22°C with 4 replicates each (400-L cylindroconical tanks, 150 fish per tank, and initial density = 0.5 kg/ m3). The SDPP inclusion in diets for gilthead sea bream fingerlings were evaluated in terms of growth performance, feed utilization, histological organization of the intestinal mucosa, activity of oxidative stress enzymes (catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) in the intestine, and nonspecific serum immune parameters (lysozyme and bactericidal activity). Results from this study indicated that dietary SDPP promoted fish growth in terms of BW and length; fish fed 3% SDPP were 10.5% heavier (P < 0.05) than those fed the control diet. Spray-dried plasma from porcine blood modulated the activity of the antioxidative defenses in the intestine (P < 0.05) and increased the density of goblet cells in the intestine (P < 0.05) and benefited the host by providing an effective immune barrier against gut pathogenic microbiota. The nonspecific serum immune response in fish fed diets with SDPP was greater (P < 0.05) than in fish fed the control diet. These results indicated that the inclusion of SDPP in gilthead sea bream feed could be beneficial for the fish by enhancing intestinal and serum innate immune function and the activity of antioxidative stress enzymes of the intestine and promoting growth performance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of the surface of activated carbons produced from tire residues

The surface characterisation of new activated carbons produced from tire residues by activation with carbon dioxide was studied. The activated carbons produced were mainly basic with point of zero charge values above 8.8. The main surface functional groups identified by FTIR were ether, quinones, lactones, ketones, hydroxyls (free and phenol) and pyrones. The XRD analysis shows that the materials produced have a microstructural organisation with microcrystallite height around 1.5nm and width from 3 to 5.3nm. This analysis indicates also the possible presence of oxides (single or mixture) of the following heteroatoms: Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Si, K, Pb, Cd, Ba, Zn and Sn. The results have shown the significant potential of this type of residues for activated carbon production. Furthermore, the environment friendly use of an industrial residue is also noteworthy

Effect of levels of polymaleic acid on the structural stability of saline soils.

The effect of levels of polymaleic acid was studied on the structural stability of two saline soils exposed to intensive cultivation. Soil samples with undisturbed structure were collected and placed in containers where levels polymaleic acid (0, 10, 20 and 30L/ha) were applied diluted water, in order to raise the moisture up to field capacity. One week later, controlled drip irrigation was applied using a volume corresponding to the pluviometric precipitation of the areas where the samples were collected. The washed soil samples were taken from the containers with the objective of lowering the moisture and separating the aggregates, considering those which passed through a 4 mm sieve and were retained in a 2 mm sieve. From each soil type, four bags of aggregates weighting 1 kg were taken, received a second application of the same levels of the polymer diluted in the irrigation water, adjusting the moisture of the samples of aggregates to 80% of the field capacity. The plastic bags with the humid samples were weighted and closed to keep the moisture uniform. Three subsamples from each bag were taken every 30 days to determine the weighed mean diameter (WMD) of the aggregates up to 150 days. After washing the soil with distilled water, WMD of the aggregates was reduced in the two soil types, in different proportions. The highest levels caused a lower reduction on the stability grade, showing the role of the polymer on protection of the aggregates against disintegration. After 30 days of the second application of the polymer on washed aggregates, WMD started to increase differently for all the treatments, showing is effect on increasing structural stability of the soils

Monitoring molecular dynamics of bacterial cellulose composites reinforced with graphene oxide by carboxymethyl cellulose addition

[EN] Broadband Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy was performed to study the molecular dynamics of dried Bacterial Cellulose/Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Graphene Oxide (BC/CMC-GO) composites as a function of the concentration of CMC in the culture media. At low temperature the dielectric spectra are dominated by a dipolar process labelled as a beta -relaxation, whereas electrode polarization and the contribution of dc-conductivity dominate the spectra at high temperatures and low frequency. The CMC concentration affects the morphological structure of cellulose and subsequently alters its physical properties. X-ray diffractometry measurements show that increasing the concentration of CMC promotes a decrease of the Ia/Ib ratio. This structural change in BC, that involves a variation in inter- and intramolecular interactions (hydrogen-bonding interactions), affects steeply their molecular dynamics. So, an increase of CMC concentration produces a significantly decrease of the -relaxation strength and an increase of the dc-conductivity.This work was supported by the DGCYT [MAT2015-63955-R]; the Vice-Rectorate for Research of the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peril and the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru (CONCYTEC/FONDECYT).Sanchis Sánchez, MJ.; Carsí Rosique, M.; Gomez, CM.; Culebras, M.; Gonzales, K.; Gisbert Torres, F. (2017). Monitoring molecular dynamics of bacterial cellulose composites reinforced with graphene oxide by carboxymethyl cellulose addition. Carbohydrate Polymers. 157:353-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.00135336015

Composite Eco-Friendly Sound Absorbing Materials Made of Recycled Textile Waste and Biopolymers

[EN] In recent years, the interest in reusing recycled fibers as building materials has been growing as a consequence of their ability to reduce the production of waste and the use of virgin resources, taking advantage of the potential that fibrous materials may offer to improve thermal and acoustic comfort. Composite panels, made of 100% wool waste fibers and bound by means of either a chitosan solution and a gum Arabic solution, were tested and characterized in terms of acoustic and non-acoustic properties. Samples with a 5 cm thickness and different density values were made to investigate the influence of flow resistivity on the final performance. Experimental results demonstrated that the samples had thermal conductivity ranging between 0.049 and 0.060 W/(m K), well comparable to conventional building materials. Similarly, acoustic results were very promising, showing absorption coefficients that, for the given thickness, were generally higher than 0.5 from 500 Hz on, and higher than 0.9 from 1 kHz on. Finally, the effects of the non-acoustic properties and of the air gap behind the samples on the acoustic behavior were also analyzed, proving that the agreement with absorption values predicted by empirical models was also very good.C.R. scholarship has been funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), within the National Research Program "PON Ricerca e Innovazione 2014-2020" (grant DOT1748713 N.5).Rubino, C.; Bonet-Aracil, M.; Gisbert Paya, J.; Liuzzi, S.; Stefanizzi, P.; Zamorano Cantó, M.; Martellotta, F. (2019). Composite Eco-Friendly Sound Absorbing Materials Made of Recycled Textile Waste and Biopolymers. Materials. 12(23):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12234020S1181223Joshi, S. ., Drzal, L. ., Mohanty, A. ., & Arora, S. (2004). 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