“Growing foods from home”: food production, migrants and the changing cultural landscapes of gardens and allotments

The paper arises out of research that explored how migrant identities are constructed in relation to food practices in a Northern city. Using narrative accounts and participant observation collected through a small scale qualitative study we examine how, in using gardens and allotments to “grow foods from home” alongside locally established fruit and vegetables, a landscape approach allows us to see how migrant gardeners are re-shaping existing cultural landscapes and constructing places of belonging. Whilst these landscapes can be viewed visually as representations of both traditional and hybrid practices, the paper draws on non-representational theories in landscape to explore emotions, embodiment, performance and practice. Such an approach uncovers some of the differences in the meaning of food production for diasporic and non-diasporic migrant gardeners

Uma promenade nos trópicos: os barões do café sob as palmeiras-imperiais, entre o Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo

This paper proposes to discuss the transformation of urban landscapes in the Paraíba River Valley as members of the coffee elite emerged in this area and a specific landscape configuration was projected there based on the use of imperial palms (Roystonea oleracea). Chronologically speaking, the paper covers a period from 1808 to 1911; with regard to space, it focuses on the stretch between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with a closer look at the case of the city of Lorena (SP), so as to encompass all the changes that took place in this region from the introduction to the decline of coffee growing as an economic activity. The urban changes during this period were accompanied by the advent and consolidation of landscapes typical of the society of coffee growers: streets lined with palm trees, a token of their close connections with the royal court, a display of their adherence to "Frenchified customs". Such configurations were used to characterize public areas and raise them to the same status as the new buildings that gradually replaced those built in colonial style. The paper is structured around three key moments, namely: the introduction of imperial palms in Rio de Janeiro and their association with the idea of nobility and rank, and consequently with neoclassical architecture, which was brought to the colony by the 1816 French Mission; the dissemination of the use of imperial palms as a landscaping resource typical of public spaces from the royal court to the capital of São Paulo, particularly by the coffee barons during the second period of monarchic rule; and, finally, the hypothesis that the use of imperial palms to embellish public areas in São Paulo may have been introduced by a Lorena citizen associated with the coffee elite, albeit later, when Brazil was already a republic.O presente trabalho propõe-se a discutir a transformação da paisagem urbana das cidades vale-paraibanas, a partir do estabelecimento de uma elite ligada à cultura do café nessa região e do surgimento de uma configuração paisagística específica, apoiada na utilização da palmeira-imperial (Roystonea oleracea). Seu recorte cronológico abrange o período entre 1808 e 1911, enquanto espacialmente seu foco direciona-se para o eixo Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo, com estudo mais aproximado do caso da cidade de Lorena, São Paulo, de modo a cobrir as transformações aí ocorridas desde a chegada do café até o esgotamento dessa cultura. Acompanhando as transformações urbanas do período, surgiram e consolidaram-se exemplos paisagísticos próprios da sociedade do café: ruas arborizadas com renques de palmeiras, a demonstrar a proximidade com a Corte, a sinalizar os novos "modos afrancesados". Utilizaram-se tais configurações com o propósito de qualificar os logradouros públicos, a fim de equipará-los aos novos edifícios que substituíam aqueles da tradição colonial. O texto desenvolve-se em três momentos principais: a introdução da palmeira-imperial no Rio de Janeiro, sua vinculação à idéia de nobreza e classe, e conseqüente aproximação com a arquitetura neoclássica trazida pela Missão Francesa de 1816; a difusão de sua utilização como recurso paisagístico qualificador dos espaços públicos desde a Corte até a capital paulista, principalmente pelo baronato do Segundo Império; e, finalmente, a possibilidade de sua introdução nos espaços públicos paulistanos ter sido viabilizada por um lorenense, vinculado à elite cafeeira, embora já sob a República

Greek identity in Australia

The Greek diaspora community is well-established in Australia. While arrivals from Greece began in the nineteenth century and continued through the twentieth, peak migration occurred in the years following World War II and the Greek Civil War. Today people of Greek background are highly integrated into the mainstream of Australian society and culture. Nonetheless, the characteristics that are most closely associated with cultural identity, specifically the Greek language, membership in the Greek Orthodox Church, and a Greek lifestyle, are still prominent among members and tend to be viewed as extremely important, even by younger individuals. Older members of the community experienced considerable racism and exclusion, but this has now faded, and younger people tend to see themselves as possessing a dual identity as Greek and also fully Australian. As the Australian-born generations come to dominate the Greek community, an increasing shift from Greek to English has been observed, with many younger people lacking the fluency their parents (the transitional generation) usually possess. This, along with an attitude of pride and acceptance of their cultural heritage, is helping to create a new Greek identity that derives not just from individuals’ own experiences in Australia but also from travel to Greece and interaction on the Internet with members of other diaspora communities elsewhere in the world as well as with people in Greece. The result is a conceptualization of Greek identity that is both more transnational in nature but also more characteristically Australian, reflecting the established nature of people of Greek background within the English-speaking Australian mainstream

Preface

[No abstract available