12 research outputs found

    CHARACTERIZATION OF UMAMI TASTE SENSITIVITY IN CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT CANCER

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    INTRODUCTION: The umami taste comes from glutamate and 5 ribonucleotides including inosinate and guanylate, which appear naturally in many foods. It can be identified by monosodium glutamate, being considered as a subtle taste, but blending well with other tastes, expands and enhances the flavor. OBJECTIVE: to identify umami taste thresholds in children with ALL or NHL and in healthy school children and to correlate taste sensitivity with nutritional status, age and gender. METHODS: The threshold sensitivity test was applied to determine umami taste using 6 solutions containing increasing concentrations of deionized water and monosodium glutamate. Subjects were weighed and measured, and BMI was calculated to determine nutritional status. For statistical analyses were used version 2.6.6 of the R Statistical software and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests with descriptive levels (p = 0.05). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 102 patients and 42 school children, and that subjects were male (53.9% and 54.8%), eutrophic (63.7% and 69.0%) and aged from 6 to 9 years (58.8% and 52.4%), respectively. Most patients (92.0%) and school children (97.4%) were sensitive to umami taste and had similar umami taste threshold values. No statistically significant difference was found between umami taste thresholds of sensitive patients and school children, BMI, gender. CONCLUSIONS: Perception of umami taste was independent of gender, age, nutritional status or presence of disease

    Nonnutritive sweeteners in Brazil: current use and associated factors

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    Introduction: The consumption of added sugars has increased worldwide. To guide and encourage the implementation of public policies on the consumption of nonnutritive sweetener (NNS), it is necessary not only to identify the amount consumed of these products, but also the factors associated with their consumption. Objective: This study aimed to identify the variables related to NNS consumption in São Paulo state, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional study involving adult employees of two public Universities in São Paulo state, Brazil, was conducted. An online questionnaire was applied containing questions on the use of NNSs and information about demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric and health characteristics. The statistical analyses performed included: the Chi-square test to determine association between explanatory and dependent variables, adopting a level of significance of p<0.05, and binary logistic regression calculating the Odds-Ratio (OR) (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 1323 individuals took part in the study. The prevalence of NNS use was 53.3%, proving higher among individuals between 30 and 60 years of age (83.3. The Chi-squared test revealed that the variables gender (p = 0.000), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (p = 0.000), arterial hypertension (p = 0.008), diffi culty controlling weight (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.000), income (p = 0.002) and age (p = .000) had a direct and signifi cant association with NNS consumption. On the logistics regression model, the variables signifi cantly associated with NNS consumption were gender (OR 1.3), age (OR = 2.59), DM (OR = 3.32), difficulty controlling weight (OR = 2.29) and consumption of diet foods (OR = 3.87). These results revealed that women are 30% more likely to consume NNS than men and that being aged between 50 and 60 years increases the likelihood of consuming these products by 2.59 times. In addition, being diabetic, having diffi culty controlling body weight, and consuming diet foods increase the likelihood of NNS consumption by 3.32; 2.29 and 3.97 times, respectively. Conclusion: The majority of the population studied were consumers of NNSs. The variables gender, age, DM, diffi culty controlling body weight, and consuming diet foods were all associated with the  consumption of NNSs

    Processed foods in infant feeding: analysis of the visual memory of schoolchildren in Taubaté city, São Paulo

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    OBJECTIVE: to describe the visual memory of children with regard to the packaging of savory snacks and sandwich cookies, and to correlate results with nutritional status, school grade and gender. METHODS: the drawing technique was applied to 152 students enrolled at an elementary school in the city of Taubaté, São Paulo. Anthropometric data were collected, BMI calculated and the frequency of each component of the drawings was determined. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship of each component with the variables studied. RESULTS: for savory snacks packaging, the components that appeared most frequently in drawings were brand (54.6%), the image of the product adorning the package (45.4%) and characters (27.0%). Colors used were predominantly red (36.8%), blue (30.3%) and yellow (22.4%). For the sandwich cookies, the elements that appeared most frequently were brand (62.5%) and characters (30.9%) whereas the colors used were predominantly blue (36 8%) and brown (26.3%). The colors identified by the children, both for savory snacks and sandwich cookies, were similar to those found on the packages available in the market. The girls remembered more imagery on savory snack packaging (p = 0.016) and depicted more characters in the drawing of the sandwich cookie packaging (p = 0.04). There were no statistically significant differences between the memory of the components of the packaging and nutritional status, or between chosen color and gender. CONCLUSIONS: Marketing strategies employed in packaging were retained in children's memory. This finding points to the need for authorities to regulate advertising of food to this population, with special attention to the packaging of these products.OBJETIVO: descrever a memória visual de crianças em relação à embalagem de salgadinho e biscoito doce recheado e relacioná-las ao estado nutricional, série escolar e sexo. MÉTODO: foi realizada a técnica de desenho com 152 alunos de 6 a 10 anos, matriculados no ensino fundamental I de uma escola da cidade de Taubaté, São Paulo. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, calculado o IMC, a freqüência de cada componente do desenho e realizado o teste qui-quadrado para analisar a sua relação com as variáveis em estudo. RESULTADOS: para as embalagens de salgadinho, os componentes que apareceram com maior freqüência nos desenhos foram marca (54,6%), imagem do produto (45,4%) e personagem (27,0%) e as cores mais utilizadas a vermelha (36,8%), a azul (30,3%) e a amarela (22,4%). Para os biscoitos apareceram com maior freqüência marca (62,5%) e personagem (30,9%) e as cores mais utilizadas a azul (36,8%) e marrom (26,3%). As cores identificadas pelas crianças, tanto para salgadinho, como para biscoito condizem com os produtos comercializados. As meninas se lembraram mais da imagem do salgadinho (p = 0,016) e dos personagens na embalagem do biscoito (p = 0,04). Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas entre a lembrança dos componentes da embalagem e o estado nutricional e entre a cor escolhida e sexo da criança. CONCLUSÕES: observa-se que as estratégias de marketing são instrumentos amplamente utilizados na indústria alimentícia com foco na criança e que seus produtos comerciais, salgadinhos e biscoitos recheados, são amplamente fixados nesta população

    Caracterização dos Limiares de Detecção do Gosto Umami em Crianças Com e Sem Câncer

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    AbstractIntroduction: The umami taste comes from glutamate and 5 ribonucleotides including inosinate and guanylate, which appear naturally in many foods. It can be identified by monosodium glutamate, being considered as a subtle taste, but blending well with other tastes, expands and enhances the flavor. Objective: to identify umami taste thresholds in children with ALL or NHL and in healthy school children and to correlate taste sensitivity with nutritional status, age and gender. Methods: The threshold sensitivity test was applied to determine umami taste using 6 solutions containing increasing concentrations of deionized water and monosodium glutamate. Subjects were weighed and measured, and BMI was calculated to determine nutritional status. For statistical analyses were used version 2.6.6 of the R Statistical software and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests with descriptive levels (p = 0.05). Results: The sample consisted of 102 patients and 42 school children, and that subjects were male (53.9% and 54.8%), eutrophic (63.7% and 69.0%) and aged from 6 to 9 years (58.8% and 52.4%), respectively. Most patients (92.0%) and school children (97.4%) were sensitive to umami taste and had similar umami taste threshold values. No statistically significant difference was found between umami taste thresholds of sensitive patients and school children, BMI, gender. Conclusions: Perception of umami taste was independent of gender, age, nutritional status or presence of disease.Resumo Introdução: O gosto umami é proveniente de glutamato e 5 ribonucleotídeos, incluindo inosinato e guanilato, os quais aparecem naturalmente em muitos alimentos. Pode ser identificado pelo glutamato monossódico, sendo considerado como gosto sutil, mas misturando-se bem com outros gostos, expande e incrementa o sabor. Objetivo: Identificar os limiares de detecção do gosto umami em crianças com Leucemia Lonfóide Aguda ou Linfoma não-Hodgkin e em escolares saudáveis, e correlacionar a sensibilidade ao gosto com o estado nutricional, idade e sexo. Método: Foi aplicado teste de sensibilidade de Threshold para determinar o limiar do gosto umami, com 6 concentrações crescentes de água deionizada e glutamato monossódico. Os indivíduos foram pesados e medidos, e calculado o IMC para determinar o estado nutricional. Para as análises estatísticas foram utilizadas versão 2.6.6 do software estatístico R e testes de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis com níveis descritivos (p = 0,05). Resultados: a amostra foi contituida de 102 pacientes e 42 escolares, sendo que 74 do sexo masculino (53,9% e 54,8%), 93 eutróficos (63,7% e 69,0%) e 43 na faixa etária de 6 a 9 anos (58,8% e 52,4%), respectivamente. A maioria dos pacientes (92,0%) e escolares (97,4%) eram sensíveis ao gosto umami e tiveram valores de limiar de sensibilidade semelhantes ao gosto umami. Não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os limiares do gosto umami de pacientes sensíveis e escolares, IMC, sexo. Conclusões: a percepção ao gosto umami foi independente do sexo, idade, estado nutricional ou presença de doença

    Evaluation of communication strategies and visual memory of packaging of processed foods targeted to children

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    INTRODUÇÃO. A indústria pode estimular o consumo de grande variedade de alimentos de alta densidade energética por meio do marketing, tendo participação decisiva na formação dos hábitos alimentares das crianças. Pouco se conhece sobre a memória da criança em relação às embalagens de alimentos industrializados dirigidos para esse público. OBJETIVO. Descrever o conteúdo de comunicação das embalagens de salgadinho e biscoito doce recheado utilizado como estratégia de marketing, a memória visual de crianças em relação à embalagem desses produtos e relacioná-las ao estado nutricional, ano escolar, sexo, freqüência de consumo de salgadinho e biscoito recheado e freqüência de ida ao supermercado. MÉTODOS. A avaliação da memória visual foi realizada pela técnica de desenho com 152 alunos matriculados no ensino fundamental I de uma escola da rede privada da cidade de Taubaté, São Paulo. Foram coletados os dados antropométricos e calculado o IMC e dados de freqüência de ida ao supermercado e de freqüência de consumo de salgadinho e bolacha doce recheada. Através dos desenhos foram identificadas as marcas citadas pelos alunos e categorizados os componentes de marketing presentes nas embalagens. Foram calculadas a freqüência de cada componente do desenho e realizado o teste qui-quadrado para analisar a sua relação com as variáveis em estudo. RESULTADOS. Em relação à memória visual das embalagens de salgadinho, os componentes que apareceram com maior freqüência nos desenhos foram marca (54,6 por cento), imagem do produto (45,4 por cento) e personagem (27,0 por cento) e as cores mais utilizadas foram vermelho (36,8 por cento), azul (30,3 por cento) e amarelo (22,4 por cento). Para o biscoito doce recheado apareceram com maior freqüência marca (62,5 por cento), personagem (30,9 por cento), imagem do biscoito (25,0 por cento) e sabor (15,8 por cento) e as cores mais utilizadas foram azul (36,8 por cento) e marrom (26,3 por cento). As cores identificadas pelas crianças, tanto para salgadinho, como para biscoito recheado condizem com os produtos comercializados. Todas as embalagens de salgadinho apresentavam a imagem do produto e 53,8 por cento possuíam o personagem que representa a marca, para o biscoito, em 54,5 por cento das embalagens havia presença de personagem. As crianças do sexo feminino se lembraram mais da imagem do salgadinho (p= 0,016) e dos personagens na embalagem da biscoito recheado (p= 0,04). Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas entre a lembrança dos componentes da embalagem e o estado nutricional e freqüência de ida ao supermercado e freqüência de consumo dos alimentos. CONCLUSÃO. Os elementos presentes nas embalagens ficam igualmente consolidados na memória das crianças independente do estado nutricional e freqüência de ida ao supermercado e freqüência de consumo dos alimentosINTRODUCTION. The industry can estimulate the consumption of a variety of foods with high energy density through marketing, with substantial involvement on the shaping of childrens eating habits. Little is known about the child\'s memory in relation to the packaging of foods targeted to this audience. OBJECTIVE. To describe the communication contents of the packages of savoury snacks and sandwich cookies used as a marketing strategy, the visual memory of children regarding to the packaging of these products and to relate them with nutritional status, school grade, gender, frequency of savoury snack and sandwich cookie intake and frequency of visits to the supermarket. METHODS. The assessment of visual memory was performed using the drawing technique with 152 students enrolled in elementary school from a private school in the city of Taubaté, São Paulo. Anthropometric measures and frequency of visits to the supermarket and frequency of savoury snack and sandwich cookie data were collected and the BMI calculated. Through the drawings the brands mentioned by the students were identified and the marketing components were categorized. The frequency of each component of the drawing was calculated and the chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between each component with the variables studied. RESULTS. Regarding the visual memory of savoury snacks packaging, the components that appeared most frequently in drawings were brand (54.6 per cent), the image of the product reproduced on the package (45.4 per cent) and character (27.0 per cent) and the colors used were red (36.8 per cent), blue (30.3 per cent) and yellow (22.4 per cent). For the sandwich cookies appeared more frequently brand (62.5 per cent), character (30.9 per cent), the image of the product reproduced on the package (25.0 per cent) and taste (15.8 per cent) and the colors used were blue (36 8 per cent), brown (26.3 per cent). The colors identified by the children, both for savoury snacks and sandwich cookies are similar to those found on the packages available in the market. All packages of savoury snacks had the product image and 53,8 per cent had a character that represents the brand, while 54,5 per cent packages of sandwich cookies had a character. The female children remembered more of the savoury snacks reproduced on the package (p = 0.016) and the characters in the drawing of the sandwich cookies package (p = 0.04). There were no statistically significant differences between the memory of the components of the package and the nutritional status and frequency of visits to the supermarket. CONCLUSION. The elements present in the package are equally consolidated in the memory of children regardless of nutritional status, frequency of visits to the supermarket and frequency of sandwich cookie and savoury snack intak

    Nonnutritive sweeteners and overweight in adults and eldery, São Paulo State, Brasil.

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    A crescente preocupação dos efeitos da ingestão de açúcar sobre a saúde tem levado a um aumento acentuado no consumo de adoçantes artificiais (ADDs). Ao mesmo tempo em que se nota elevada prevalência de obesidade, há também um aumento expressivo no número de produtos alimentícios com adoçantes artificiais. Objetivo. Caracterizar o perfil e analisar a atitude em relação ao consumo de ADD e alimentos dietéticos (ALDs) e sua relação com o excesso de peso corporal. Métodos. Estudo transversal com indivíduos com idades 20 anos, funcionários e docentes de universidades públicas do estado de São Paulo. Foi aplicado um questionário online com perguntas quanto ao uso de ADD e ALD e informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, antropométricas e de saúde. Verificaram-se associações entre as variáveis sócio-demográficas e antropométricas e o consumo de ADDs e ALD; utilizou-se análise de cluster para o reconhecimento de grupos homogêneos e regressão logística binária com cálculo do Odds-Ratio (OR). Resultados. Participaram do estudo 1323 indivíduos. A prevalência de uso de adoçante dietético foi 53,3 por cento , sendo maior entre aqueles com 30 a 60 anos. O peso médio foi de 72,03 kg e o IMC médio 25,26 kg/m2. As principais motivações foram a dificuldade de manter o peso corporal, não querer engordar e querer economizar calorias para poder consumir outros alimentos. A maioria possui o hábito de utilizar o adoçante na forma líquida, e os mais consumidos são sacarina e ciclamato de sódio, aspartame e sucralose. A quantidade média para adoçar uma porção de líquidos foi de 5,0 gotas. Em relação ao consumo de ALDs, a prevalência foi de 52,5 por cento , sendo refrigerantes, sucos de fruta, barras de cereal e iogurtes. No modelo de regressão logística, as variáveis associadas com o consumo de ADDs foram sexo, idade, DM, dificuldade em manter o peso e consumo de alimentos dietéticos. Para os ALDs, os fatores associados foram renda, sexo, DM, dificuldade em manter o peso, frequência da prática de atividade física e consumo de ADDs. Conclusão. O perfil do consumidor de adoçantes e alimentos dietéticos é formado principalmente por indivíduos com excesso de peso, dificuldade em manter o peso, não diabéticos e não hipertensos. Tanto para ADD como para ALD, a maior chance de consumi-los está entre aqueles que buscam esses produtos para controle do peso corporal ou do DM. Os indivíduos com excesso de peso e que possuem dificuldade para manter o peso corporal consomem mais adoçantes em relação aos eutróficos.The growing concern of the effects of sugar intake on health has led to a sharp increase in the consumption of artificial sweeteners (ADDs). At the same time that the high prevalence of obesity, we note there is also a significant increase in the number of food products with artificial sweeteners. Objective. To characterize the profile and analyze the attitude towards the consumption of ADD and diet foods (ALDs) and its relationship with excess body weight. Methods. Cross sectional study with individuals aged 20 years, employees and professors of public universities in the state of São Paulo. An online questionnaire was applied with questions about the use of ADD and ALD and sociodemographic, anthropometric and health information. Associations between socio-demographic and anthropometric variables and the consumption of ADDs and ALD were analyzed. It was used the cluster analysis to the recognition of homogeneous groups and binary logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (OR). Results. The study included 1323 individuals. The prevalence of use of artificial sweetener was 53.3 per cent , being higher among those aged 30 to 60 years. The mean weight was 72.03 kg and the mean BMI 25.26 kg / m2. The main reasons to consume ADD were the difficulty to maintain body weight, \"not wanting to get fat\" and \"want to save calories to be able to consume other foods.\" Most have the habit of using the sweetener in liquid form, and the most consumed sweeteners were saccharin and sodium cyclamate, aspartame and sucralose. The average amount to sweeten a portion of liquid was 5.0 drops. Regarding use of ALDs, the prevalence was 52.5 per cent , and soft drinks, fruit juices, cereal bars and yoghurts. In the logistic regression model, the variables associated with the consumption of ADDs were gender, age, DM, difficulty maintaining weight and consumption of diet foods. For ALDs, associated factors were income, gender, DM, difficulty maintaining weight, frequency of physical activity and consumption of ADDs. Conclusion. The consumer profile of artificial sweeteners and diet foods is mainly formed by individuals with overweight, difficulty maintaining weight, non-diabetic and non-hypertensive. Both for ADD and for ALD, the greater chance of consuming them is between those who seek these products to control weight or DM. Individuals who are overweight and have difficulty maintaining body weight consume more ADD than normal individuals

    Aspectos diet\ue9ticos das refei\ue7\uf5es oferecidas por empresas participantes do Programa de Alimenta\ue7\ue3o do Trabalhador na Cidade de S\ue3o Paulo, Brasil

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    Objective. To compare the nutritional value of meals provided by companies participating in the Workers\u92 Meal Program in the city of S\ue3o Paulo, Brazil, to the nutritional recommendations and guidelines established by the Ministry of Health for the Brazilian population. Methods. The 72 companies studied were grouped according to economic sector (industrial, services, or commerce), size (micro, small, medium, or large), meal preparation modality (prepared on-site by the company itself, on-site by a hired caterer, or off-site by a hired caterer), and supervision by a dietitian (yes or no). The per capita amount of food was determined based on the lunch, dinner, and supper menus for three days. The nutritional value of the meals was defined by the amount of calories, carbohydrates, protein, total fat, polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat, trans fat, sugars, cholesterol, and fruits and vegetables. Results.Most of the menus were deficient in the number of fruits and vegetables (63.9%) and amount of polyunsaturated fat (83.3%), but high in total fat (47.2%) and cholesterol (62.5%). Group 2, composed of mostly medium and large companies, supervised by a dietician, belonging to the industrial and/or service sectors, and using a hired caterer, on averaged served meals with higher calorie content (P < 0.001), higher percentage of polyunsaturated fat (P < 0.001), more cholesterol (P =3D 0.015), and more fruits and vegetables (P < 0.001) than Group 1, which was composed of micro and small companies from the commercial sector, that prepare the meals themselves on-site, and are not supervised by a dietitian. Regarding the nutrition guidelines set for the Brazilian population, Group 2 meals were better in terms of fruit and vegetable servings (P < 0.001). Group 1 meals were better in terms of cholesterol content (P =3D 0.05). Conclusions. More specific action is required targeting company officers and managers in charge of food and nutrition services, especially in companies without dietitian supervision. Portugu\ueas Objetivo. Avaliar os aspectos diet\ue9ticos das refei\ue7\uf5es oferecidas por empresas inscritas no Programa de Alimenta\ue7\ue3o do Trabalhador (PAT) na Cidade de S\ue3o Paulo, Brasil, em rela\ue7\ue3o \ue0s recomenda\ue7\uf5es nutricionais do Guia Alimentar para a Popula\ue7\ue3o Brasileira do Minist\ue9rio da Sa\ufade. M\ue9todos. Foram investigadas 72 empresas, caracterizadas conforme setor (ind\ufastria, servi\ue7os ou com\ue9rcio), porte (micro, pequenas, m\ue9dias ou grandes), modalidade do PAT (autogest\ue3o, gest\ue3o terceirizada do tipo refei\ue7\ue3o transportada ou gest\ue3o terceirizada do tipo preparo e distribui\ue7\ue3o de refei\ue7\ue3o na empresa) e supervis\ue3o de nutricionista (sim ou n\ue3o). A quantidade per capita dos alimentos foi determinada nos card\ue1pios de 3 dias de almo\ue7o, jantar e ceia. O valor nutricional das refei\ue7\uf5es foi definido com base nas vari\ue1veis energia, carboidrato, prote\uedna, gorduras totais, gordura poliinsaturada, gordura saturada, gordura trans, a\ue7\ufacares livres, colesterol e frutas e hortali\ue7as. Resultados. A maioria dos card\ue1pios teve baixa oferta de frutas e hortali\ue7as (63,9%) e gordura poliinsaturada (83,3%) e excesso de gorduras totais (47,2%) e colesterol (62,5%). O agrupamento 2, composto principalmente por empresas de m\ue9dio e grande porte do setor industrial e de servi\ue7os, com gest\ue3o terceirizada e supervis\ue3o de nutricionista, teve, em m\ue9dia, refei\ue7\uf5es com maior valor energ\ue9tico (P < 0,001), maior porcentagem de gorduras poliinsaturadas (P < 0,001), maior quantidade de colesterol (P =3D 0,015) e maior quantidade de frutas e hortali\ue7as (P < 0,001) do que o agrupamento 1, composto por micro e pequenas empresas do setor de com\ue9rcio, tendo autogest\ue3o como modalidade e sem supervis\ue3o de nutricionista. Quanto \ue0 adequa\ue7\ue3o dos card\ue1pios oferecidos \ue0s metas do Guia Alimentar para a Popula\ue7\ue3o Brasileira, as refei\ue7\uf5es do agrupamento 2 foram mais adequadas em rela\ue7\ue3o \ue0 oferta de frutas e hortali\ue7as (P < 0,001). Em contrapartida, o agrupamento 1 apresentou maior adequa\ue7\ue3o da quantidade de colesterol (P =3D 0,05). Conclus\uf5es. \uc9 necess\ue1ria uma a\ue7\ue3o mais direcionada aos gestores de empresas e aos respons\ue1veis pelas unidades de alimenta\ue7\ue3o e nutri\ue7\ue3o, principalmente no grupo de empresas que n\ue3o tem a supervis\ue3o de nutricionista

    Nutritional information of meals supplied by companies, participating in the workers` meal program in Sao Paulo, Brazil

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    Objective. To compare the nutritional value of meals provided by companies participating in the Workers` Meal Program in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, to the nutritional recommendations and guidelines established by the Ministry of Health for the Brazilian population. Methods. The 72 companies studied were grouped according to economic sector (industrial, services, or commerce), size (micro, small, medium, or large), meal preparation modality (prepared on-site by the company itself, on-site by a hired caterer, or off-site by a hired caterer), and supervision by a dietitian (yes or no). The per capita amount of food was determined based on the lunch, dinner, and supper menus for three days. The nutritional value of the meals was defined by the amount of calories, carbohydrates, protein, total fat, polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat, trans fat, sugars, cholesterol, and fruits and vegetables. Results. Most of the menus were deficient in the number of fruits and vegetables (63.9%) and amount of polyunsaturated fat (83.3%), but high in total fat (47.2%) and cholesterol (62.5%). Group 2, composed of mostly medium and large companies, supervised by a dietician, belonging to the industrial and/or service sectors, and using a hired caterer, on averaged served meals with higher calorie content (P < 0.001), higher percentage of polyunsaturated fat (P < 0.001), more cholesterol (P = 0.015), and more fruits and vegetables (P < 0.001) than Group 1, which was composed of micro and small companies from the commercial sector, that prepare the meals themselves on-site, and are not supervised by a dietitian. Regarding the nutrition guidelines set for the Brazilian population, Group 2 meals were better in terms of fruit and vegetable servings (P < 0.001). Group I meals were better in terms of cholesterol content (P = 0.05). Conclusions. More specific action is required targeting company officers and managers in charge of food and nutrition services, especially in companies without dietitian supervision

    Nutritional information of meals supplied by companies participating in the Workers Meal Program in São Paulo, Brazil

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    Resumo: OBJETIVO: Avaliar os aspectos dietéticos das refeições oferecidas por empresas inscritas no Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador (PAT) na Cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, em relação às recomendações nutricionais do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira do Ministério da Saúde. MÉTODOS:Foram investigadas 72 empresas, caracterizadas conforme setor (indústria, serviços ou comércio), porte (micro, pequenas, médias ou grandes), modalidade do PAT (autogestão, gestão terceirizada do tipo refeição transportada ou gestão terceirizada do tipo preparo e distribuição de refeição na empresa) e supervisão de nutricionista (sim ou não). A quantidade per capita dos alimentos foi determinada nos cardápios de 3 dias de almoço, jantar e ceia. O valor nutricional das refeições foi definido com base nas variáveis energia, carboidrato, proteína, gorduras totais, gordura poliinsaturada, gordura saturada, gordura trans, açúcares livres, colesterol e frutas e hortaliças. RESULTADOS:A maioria dos cardápios teve baixa oferta de frutas e hortaliças (63,9%) e gordura poliinsaturada (83,3%) e excesso de gorduras totais (47,2%) e colesterol (62,5%). O agrupamento 2, composto principalmente por empresas de médio e grande porte do setor industrial e de serviços, com gestão terceirizada e supervisão de nutricionista, teve, em média, refeições com maior valor energético (P < 0,001), maior porcentagem de gorduras poliinsaturadas (P < 0,001), maior quantidade de colesterol (P = 0,015) e maior quantidade de frutas e hortaliças (P < 0,001) do que o agrupamento 1, composto por micro e pequenas empresas do setor de comércio, tendo autogestão como modalidade e sem supervisão de nutricionista. Quanto à adequação dos cardápios oferecidos às metas do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira, as refeições do agrupamento 2 foram mais adequadas em relação à oferta de frutas e hortaliças (P < 0,001). ) Em contrapartida, o agrupamento 1 apresentou maior adequação da quantidade de colesterol (P = 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: É necessária uma ação mais direcionada aos gestores de empresas e aos responsáveis pelas unidades de alimentação e nutrição, principalmente no grupo de empresas que não tem a supervisão de nutricionistaCNPq n. 471136/03-
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