Management of traumatic events: influence of emotion-centered coping strategies on the occurrence of dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder

Our aim was to assess the influence of the coping strategies employed for the management of traumatic events on the occurrence of dissociation and traumatic disorders. We carried out a 1-year retrospective study of the cognitive management of a traumatic event in 18 subjects involved in the same road vehicle accident. The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was made for 33.3% of the participants. The participants with a PTSD diagnosis 1 year after the event used emotion-centered strategies during the event more often than did those with no PTSD, P < 0.02. In the year after the traumatic event, our results show a strong link between the intensity of PTSD and the severity of the post-traumatic symptoms like dissociation (P = 0.032) and the use of emotion-centered strategies (P = 0.004). Moreover, the participants who presented Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire scores above 15 made greater use of emotion-centered coping strategies than did those who did not show dissociation, P < 0.04. Our results confirm that the cognitive management of traumatic events may play an essential role in the development of a state of post-traumatic stress in the aftermath of a violent event

Recherche de variables ayant un impact sur le vécu de l'isolement dans un service d'urgences

Même si la pratique de l'isolement est contraignante en soi, elle ne doit pas forcément présager d'un vécu négatif de la part des patients isolés. Nous avons donc essayé de repérer des variables individuelles et situationnelles qui auraient un impact sur le vécu de l'isolement. 50 patients ont été recrutés à la sorite de leur chambre d'isolement dans le service d'urgences médicales du CHU de Clermont-Ferrand. Pour être inclus, les patients devaient être majeurs et ne pas avoir d'antécédents de mise en isolement. Nous avons recueilli des données individuelles à l'aide des données sociodémographiques classiques et d'un entretien semi-structuré utilisé par J. Palazzolo dans une étude récente sur le vécu de l'isolement ainsi que des données situationnelles. Nous avons quantifié le vécu de l'isolement à l'aide d'une échelle visuelle analogique traditionnelle. Pour mesurer l'impact des variables individuelles et situationnelles sur le vécu de l'isolement nous avons comparé les mesures de l'échelle visuelle analogique parmi les différentes catégories d'une même variable. L'échelle visuelle analogique n'apparait donc pas satisfaisante pour comparer différentes variables qui auraient un impact sur le vécu de l'isolement. Cet outil nous permet d'obtenir une impression globale du vécu de l'isolement qu'une variable seule ne saurait faire varier de manière significative.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Evaluation de la vigilance après intoxication volontaire aux benzodiazépines

CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

ANXIETE SOCIALE, PHOBIE SOCIALE ET ALCOOLISME (EVALUATION D'UNE PRISE EN CHARGE COGNITIVO-COMPORTEMENTALE (DES PSYCHIATRIE))

CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le disulfirame (Esperal

Le disulfirame (Esperal®) est une molécule relativement ancienne, dont la prescription reste aujourd’hui marginale dans le traitement de l’alcoolodépendance. Son utilisation suscite un débat éthique, et son introduction nécessite une évaluation pré-thérapeutique rigoureuse, clinique et biologique. Son action principale dans le traitement de l’addiction à l’alcool est liée au blocage de l’acétaldéhyde déshydrogénase, à l’origine de la réaction antabuse. La prescription du disulfirame, intégrée dans des programmes de prise en charge spécifiques, d’inspiration comportementaliste, apporte des bénéfices significatifs dans le traitement de l’alcoolisme. Du fait de la découverte de son action sur le métabolisme de la dopamine, le disulfirame, suscite, depuis peu, un regain d’intérêt pour le traitement des addictions à la cocaïne et au jeu. Les données actuelles restent cependant insuffisantes pour généraliser son utilisation en pratique courante, dans ces domaines. Il s’agit par contre d’une voie de recherche intéressante pour l’avenir

Characterization of the binding mode of JNK-interacting protein 1 (JIP1) to kinesin-light chain 1 (KLC1)

International audienceJIP1 was first identified as scaffold protein for the MAP kinase JNK and is a cargo protein for the kinesin1 molecular motor. JIP1 plays significant and broad roles in neurons, mainly as a regulator of kinesin1-dependent transport, and is associated with human pathologies such as cancer and Alzheimer disease. JIP1 is specifically recruited by the kinesin-light chain 1 (KLC1) of kinesin1, but the details of this interaction are not yet fully elucidated. Here, using calorimetry, we extensively biochemically characterized the interaction between KLC1 and JIP1. Using various truncated fragments of the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of KLC1, we narrowed down its JIP1-binding region and identified seven KLC1 residues critical for JIP1 binding. These ITC-based binding data enabled us to footprint the JIP1-binding site on KLC1-TPR. This footprint was used to uncover the structural basis for the marginal inhibition of JIP1 binding by the autoinhibitory LFP-acidic motif of KLC1, as well as for the competition between JIP1 and another cargo protein of kinesin1, the W-acidic motif-containing Alcadein-α. Also, we examined the role of each of these critical residues of KLC1 for JIP1 binding in the light of the previously reported crystal structure of the KLC1-TPR:JIP1 complex. Finally, sequence search in eukaryotic genomes identified several proteins, among which SH2D6 that exhibit similar motif to the KLC1-binding motif of JIP1. Overall, our extensive biochemical characterization of the KLC:JIP1 interaction, as well as identification of potential KLC1-binding partners improve the understanding of how this growing family of cargos is recruited to kinesin1 by KLC1

Alcohol Consumption for People Admitted in French Emergency Departments: A Protocol for a Multi-Center Cluster Trial

International audienceBackground: According to a 2014 report by the World Health Organization, the highest alcohol consumption levels per capita continue to be found in the developed world, particularly in the European region. Drinking alcohol does not only lead to alcohol dependence; it also be linked to a higher risk for acute medical and surgical events. In France, recent data show that alcohol consumption levels in the general population are important and have remained relatively stable since 2010. In the Emergency Department population, few French data are available, while studies conducted across the Atlantic show that patients admitted into emergency rooms are reported to have high levels of alcohol consumption. Emergency Departments are an important location for the identification and early intervention of issues related to alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study is to carry out an epidemiological picture of alcohol consumption and search for indicators of harmful alcohol use in patients in the French emergency rooms of the Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne interregion. Methods and Analysis: This observational, and descriptive and randomized clinical study on human beings will consists of a collection of clinical variables on all patients that will be admitted to the Emergency Departments of the RAA Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne interregion aged of (16 years or older) and who will be agree to participate to the study. It will include one visit where the patient will respond to three auto-administrating screening tests on his or her alcohol consumption: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – C (AUDIT C), Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener test (CAGE) and the Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen – Quantity Frequency test (RAPS4 – QF). Similarly, they will answer two self-administering questionnaires on socio-demographic and emergency data

Comparison between the WHO and NIAAA criteria for binge drinking on drinking features and alcohol-related aftermaths: Results from a cross-sectional study among eight emergency wards in France

International audienc