98 research outputs found

    Land cover analysis in wildland-urban interfaces according to wildfire risk: a case study in the South of France

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    Each year, forest fires destroy about 500,000 ha of vegetation in Europe, predominantly in the Mediterranean region. Many large fires are linked to the land transformations that have taken place in the Mediterranean region in recent decades that have increased the risk of forest fires. On the one hand, agricultural fallows and orchards are slowly being colonized by vegetation, and on the other hand, the forest is not sufficiently used, both of which result in increased accumulation of fuel. In addition, urbanization combined with forest extension results in new spatial configurations called wildland-urban interfaces (WUI). WUI are commonly defined as areas where urban areas meet and interact with rural lands, wildland vegetation and forests. Spatial analyses were performed using a WUI typology based on two intertwined elements, the spatial organization of homes and the structure of fuel vegetation. The organisation of the land cover in terms of representativeness, complexity or road density was evaluated for each type of WUI. Results showed that there were significant differences between the types of WUI in the study area. Three indicators (i) fire ignition density, derived from the distribution of fire ignition points, (ii) wildfire density, derived from the distribution of wildfire area and (iii) burned area ratio, derived from the proportion of the burned area to the total study area were then compared with each type of WUI. Assuming that the three indicators correspond to important aspects of fire risk, we showed that, at least in the south of France, WUI are at high risk of wildfire, and that of the different types of wildland-urban interfaces, isolated and scattered WUI were the most at risk. Their main land cover characteristics, i.e. low housing and road densities but a high density of country roads, and the availability of burnable vegetation such as forested stands and shrubland (garrigue) explain the high fire risk. Improving our knowledge of relationships between WUI environments and fire risk should increase the efficiency of wildfire prevention: to this end, suitable prevention actions and communication campaigns targeting the types of WUI at the highest risk are recommended

    AmĂ©lioration de la connaissance des causes d'incendie de forĂȘt et mise en place d'une base de donnĂ©es gĂ©orĂ©fĂ©rencĂ©es

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    Dans le cadre du programme Forest Focus, le Cemagref d'Aix-en-Provence a rĂ©alisĂ© un guide technique intitulĂ© « AmĂ©lioration de la connaissance des causes de dĂ©part de feu de forĂȘt » et l'agence MTDA a dĂ©veloppĂ© le prototype d'un module de saisie et de cartographie interactive des incendies de forĂȘt. Cet article prĂ©sente la mĂ©thode d'investigation de recherche des causes de dĂ©part de feu adaptĂ©e au contexte mĂ©diterranĂ©en français ; un encadrĂ© concerne spĂ©cifiquement le module de saisie et de cartographie interactive permettant d'alimenter une base de donnĂ©es gĂ©orĂ©fĂ©rencĂ©es

    Le risque incendie de forĂȘt dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt du SE de la France

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    Ce travail prĂ©sente la problĂ©matique des incendies de forĂȘt dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt du sud-est de la France. Il met en lumiĂšre les principaux drivers de la frĂ©quence des feux et des surfaces brĂ»lĂ©es dans ces zones

    Les incendies de forĂȘt dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt du sud-est de la France

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    Cette prĂ©sentation prĂ©sente la situation des feux de forĂȘt dans le sud est de la France, plus particuliĂšrement dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt. Les facteurs explicatifs de la frĂ©quence des feux et des surfaces brĂ»lĂ©es sont Ă©galement prĂ©sentĂ©s

    Les incendies de forĂȘt dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt du sud-est de la France

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    Cette prĂ©sentation prĂ©sente la situation des feux de forĂȘt dans le sud est de la France, plus particuliĂšrement dans les interfaces habitat-forĂȘt. Les facteurs explicatifs de la frĂ©quence des feux et des surfaces brĂ»lĂ©es sont Ă©galement prĂ©sentĂ©s
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