Stanje kečige (acipenser ruthenus l.) u Srbiji i Mađarskoj

Izlov kečige je tradicionalna i značajna privredna aktivnost i u Srbiji i u Mađarskoj. Osnovni problem vezan za izlov kečige u Srbiji odnosi se na nedostatak validnih podataka o izlovu kečige u poslednjim godinama što je imalo negativan efekat na upravljanje korišćenja ove vrste. Poribljavanje kečigom nije nikada u potpunosti razvijeno u Srbiji dok se u Mađarskoj počelo sa poribljavanjem mlađi kečige od 1980. godine i to sa 10.000-100.000 jedinki/godini. Uzgoj kečige je započet u Mađarskoj od 1990. godine, mada je proizvodnja malog obima. U cilju uspostavljanja boljih planova za upravljanje ovom značajnom vrstom potrebno je uskladiti i koordinisati aktivnosti svih zainteresovanih strana u obe zemlje

Gait Analysis using Wearable Sensors with Multiple Sclerosis Patients

In this study we investigated gait measurement with wearable sensor for subjects with and without multiple sclerosis (MS) and evaluation gait function.The gait function was measured with Avatar sensors system in 3 patients with MS and in 3 healthy subjects without MS. The system consists of a main sensor node and three additional fixtures. Each sensor node is wearing three-axial accelerometer and two-axis gyroscope. Cross-correlation analysis with the walk signal was applied.Coefficient values from cross-correlation are determined for all 6 subjects. Then for a new unknown subject the cross-correlation was applied and the mean value cross-correlation for healthy subjects was 0.0477, while in MS subjects this value was 0.0207. A proven validation for this small training system has shown the evidence for different gait analysis for MS and healthy subjects.This small study opens a new avenue for clinical diagnosis of potential MS subjects while wearable sensor can provide an objective framework for assessing gait abnormality. The measured data can provide better understanding on the progression of the disease and response to treatment

Evaluation of genotoxic potential throughout the upper and middle stretches of Adige river basin

In this study a comprehensive genotoxicological survey throughout the upper and middle stretches of Adige river basin is presented. The study was carried out at 7 sites located along the Adige main course and one the most significant tributaries, the Noce creek, both presenting different levels of pollution pressure. To give an insight into the nature of the genotoxic activity we employed the battery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic assays. Mutagenicity in water samples was evaluated by SOS/umuC test in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. The level of DNA damage as a biomarker of exposure (comet assay) and biomarker of effect (micronucleus assay) and the level of oxidative stress as well (Fpg - modified comet assay) were studied in blood cells of Salmo cenerinus Nardo, 1847 and Salmo marmoratus Cuvier, 1829. Within the applied bioassays, comet assay showed the highest potential for discriminating the sampling sites which are under lesser extent of pressure (sampling sites 1-Barnes at Bresimo and 4-Noce downstream S. Giustina) from the sites under high pressure (sampling sites 5-Noce at Mezzolombardo and 6/7-Adige upstream and downstream municipality of Trento). Significant correlation between the standard and Fpg - modified comet assay indicated that oxidative stress could be a major contributor to observed DNA damage in collected specimens

Comparision of the compositions, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils from the endemic species thymus malyi ronninger and thymus lykae degen et jav.

In this study, we compared the compositions, antimicrobial and potential antioxidant activities of essential oils of two Thymus endemic, wild-growing species - T. malyi Ronninger and T. lykae Degen et Jay. No information about its composition and biological activities of oils has been reported to the present day. Forty three compounds were identified from T. malyi and major component was a-pinene (26.4%). In the case of T. lykae, forty four compounds were identified, with geranyl acetate (35.1%) as the main component. Antioxidant activities of the oils were evaluated using DPPH assay. The antimicrobial effect of essential oils were tested against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria, and two fungi. Results indicated higher antibacterial activity of the essential oils of T. lykae in comparison with T. malyi, while for antifungal activity, it was reverse. The essential oils from T. malyi and T. lykae possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants for the food industry

Comet assay and cytogenetic findings in differential diagnosis of fanconi anemia

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex genetic disease with a variety of congenital and hematological symptoms, including the predisposition for cancer development. The main hallmark of FA cells, an increased chromosomal fragility, in the presence of the DNA-interstrand cross-linking chemicals, mitomycin C or diepoxybutane (DEB), makes the diagnosis of FA much easier. Cytogenetic method can detect the FA patients with highly elevated chromosomal breakage, but also some of the patients with borderline sensitivity to DEB no matter if they have FA or not. These particular circumstances lead us to introduce comet assay along with cytogenetic analysis, in order to determine DNA lesions and chromosomal fragility in untreated and DEB-treated lymphocytes of full blood from seven patients with clinical features of FA. Highly elevated DEB induced chromosomal sensitivity confirmed the diagnosis in five patients (FA group: 0.48-4.47 breaks/cell vs control group: 0.00-0.08 breaks/cell). Borderline DEB sensitivity (FA* group: 0.15-0.44 breaks/cell) was found in the remaining two patients. Results of the comet assay showed higher baseline and DEB-induced DNA damage values (Olive tail moment and tail intensity) in all five FA and one FA* patient, when compared to the control group. These findings could provide a new model of FA screening test algorithm, including comet assay as additional and very useful accurate tool, beside the DEB test, in differential diagnosis of FA

Antioxidative, antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oil of wild-growing Satureja montana L. from Dalmatia, Croatia

The composition of the essential oil of Satureja montana was examined by gas chromatographymass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Forty-three compounds were identified, representing approximately 99% of the oil. Major components were ?-terpinene (8.7%), p-cymene (16.9%) and carvacrol (44.5%). The oil was tested for its antioxidant activity by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl assay and showed dose-dependent free-radical-scavenging activity with an EC50 value of 4.21 mg/ml. The antimicrobial effect of the essential oil was tested against six strains of Gram-negative bacteria, seven strains of Gram-positive bacteria and two fungi. The human pathogens Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416 (Gram negative) and Listeria innocua (Gram positive) were used in the investigation of S. montana for the first time. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the essential oil ranged from 0.625 to 5.0 mu l/well for Gram-negative bacteria, and from 0.312 to 1.125 mu l/well for Gram-positive bacteria. For the two fungi tested, Candida and Saccharomyces, the value was 0.234 mu l/tube. The essential oil tested showed significant activity against fungi and Gram-positive bacteria, especially Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Listeria innocua, and among Gram-negative bacteria extreme sensitivity was detected in Escherichia coli SY252, SY252 lpcA and ATTCC 25922 strains. Copyrigh

Biomonitoring and Genetic Analysis of Sturgeons in Serbia: A Contribution to Their Conservation

While the historical sturgeon catch in Serbia encompassed mainly four species (beluga sturgeon - Huso huso, Russian sturgeon - Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, stellate sturgeon - Acipenser stellatus, and sterlet - A. ruthenus) most of the research, especially since 1956, has been conducted on sterlet. More detailed studies started in 2001 and comprised analyses of contamination levels of heavy metals and other pollutants in sterlet tissues, histopathological analyses and genotoxicity tests. However, there is still a lack of data on sturgeon spawning, nursing and overwintering habitats, and the abundance of sturgeons that migrate for spawning up to the Djerdap II dam is unknown. Although a ban of sturgeon catch was proclaimed in 2006 by Romania, followed by Serbia and Bulgaria, there is still illegal sturgeon fishery in the Lower Danube River, which will require intensification of international cooperation to solve this problem efficiently

A Study of Phytochemistry, Genoprotective Activity, and Antitumor Effects of Extracts of the Selected Lamiaceae Species

This study was designed to evaluate the genoprotective, antigenotoxic, as well as antitumor potential of methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of Melissa officinalis, Mentha x piperita, Ocimum basilicum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Satureja montana (Lamiaceae), in different model systems. The polyphenols in these extracts were quantified both spectrophotometrically and using HPLC-DAD technique, while DPPH assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity. The genoprotective potential was tested on pUC19 Escherichia coli XL1-blue, and the antigenotoxicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and human lung fibroblasts, while the antitumor activity was assessed on colorectal cancer cells. Rosmarinic acid, quercetin, rutin, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were among the identified compounds. Methanolic extracts had the best DPPH-scavenging and SOS-inducing activities, while ethanolic extracts exhibited the highest antigenotoxicity. Additionally, all extracts exhibited genoprotective potential on plasmid DNA. The antitumor effect was mediated by modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, and exhibition of genotoxic effects on tumor cells, especially with O. basilicum ethanolic extract. Generally, the investigated extracts were able to provide antioxidant protection for the acellular, prokaryotic, and normal human DNA, while also modulating the production of ROS and NO in tumor cells, leading to genotoxicity toward these cells and their decrease in proliferation