Проблеми збереження різноманітності рослин ex situ

The principle of the complex gene-pool protection of the wild and cultivated flora in botanical gardens in combination with the seed storage in gene banks was assumed as a basis of plant diversity conservation problems decision. The most important program component parts of plant diversity conservation ex situ as well as the arrangements for this program realization in Ukraine were determined. Basic directions of scientific investigation with the purpose of growing rare and vanishing plants in botanical gardens and dendroparks, including their repatriation in natural phytocenoses were also defined.В основу вирішення проблем и збереження різноманітності рослин ex situ покладено принцип комплексної охорони генофонду дикорослої і культурної флори в ботанічних садах і дендропарках у поєднанні зі зберіганням насіння в генних банках. Визначено найважливіші складові програми збереження різноманітності рослин ex situ, заходи щодо реалізації цієї програми в Україні та основні напрями наукових досліджень, спрямованих на опрацювання прийомів вирощування рідкісних та зникаючих рослин в ботанічних садах і дендропарках та репатріації їх у природні фітоценози

Hyperbolic chaos in self-oscillating systems based on mechanical triple linkage: Testing absence of tangencies of stable and unstable manifolds for phase trajectories

Dynamical equations are formulated and a numerical study is provided for self-oscillatory model systems based on the triple linkage hinge mechanism of Thurston -- Weeks -- Hunt -- MacKay. We consider systems with holonomic mechanical constraint of three rotators as well as systems, where three rotators interact by potential forces. We present and discuss some quantitative characteristics of the chaotic regimes (Lyapunov exponents, power spectrum). Chaotic dynamics of the models we consider are associated with hyperbolic attractors, at least, at relatively small supercriticality of the self-oscillating modes; that follows from numerical analysis of the distribution for angles of intersection of stable and unstable manifolds of phase trajectories on the attractors. In systems based on rotators with interacting potential the hyperbolicity is violated starting from a certain level of excitation.Comment: 30 pages, 18 figure

Резервы повышения конкурентоспособности предприятий строительного комплекса

Identification of reserves for the competitive advantage increase and application of research-based methods to usage of identified reserves is a priority at present. The main aim of this article is to propose methods for cost-reduction in construction.Выявление резервов повышения конкурентоспособности и применения научно обоснованных методов по их внедрению в практику хозяйствования предприятий является приоритетным направлением в современных условиях. Предложены методы, позволяющие снижать уровень ресурсных и стоимостных затрат в строительстве

MICRO GAS TURBINE ENGINE NEUROCONTROLLER SINTHESYS

Recently, neural networks have been used to simulate the gas turbine engine dynamics and regulator creating. Usually neural network in the control systems is used either to adjust the coefficients of the RID regulators or to control them in certain modes. Therefore, important tasks are the synthesis of a neural controller to control the engine in the entire range of modes

An Extreme Solar Event of 20 January 2005: Properties of the Flare and the Origin of Energetic Particles

The extreme solar and SEP event of 20 January 2005 is analyzed from two perspectives. Firstly, we study features of the main phase of the flare, when the strongest emissions from microwaves up to 200 MeV gamma-rays were observed. Secondly, we relate our results to a long-standing controversy on the origin of SEPs arriving at Earth, i.e., acceleration in flares, or shocks ahead of CMEs. All emissions from microwaves up to 2.22 MeV line gamma-rays during the main flare phase originated within a compact structure located just above sunspot umbrae. A huge radio burst with a frequency maximum at 30 GHz was observed, indicating the presence of a large number of energetic electrons in strong magnetic fields. Thus, protons and electrons responsible for flare emissions during its main phase were accelerated within the magnetic field of the active region. The leading, impulsive parts of the GLE, and highest-energy gamma-rays identified with pi^0-decay emission, are similar and correspond in time. The origin of the pi^0-decay gamma-rays is argued to be the same as that of lower energy emissions. We estimate the sky-plane speed of the CME to be 2000-2600 km/s, i.e., high, but of the same order as preceding non-GLE-related CMEs from the same active region. Hence, the flare itself rather than the CME appears to determine the extreme nature of this event. We conclude that the acceleration, at least, to sub-relativistic energies, of electrons and protons, responsible for both the flare emissions and the leading spike of SEP/GLE by 07 UT, are likely to have occurred simultaneously within the flare region. We do not rule out a probable contribution from particles accelerated in the CME-driven shock for the leading GLE spike, which seemed to dominate later on.Comment: 34 pages, 14 Postscript figures. Solar Physics, accepted. A typo corrected. The original publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

THE FUZZY CONTROLLER DYNAMICSINVESTIGATION VERSUS THE PI-CONTROLLER DYNAMICS OF A MICRO GAS TURBINE ENGINE

Recently, nonlinear control systems have been widely used. Such systems include regulators using fuzzy logic. But now aircraft engines have not received wide distribution because these algorithms are insufficient research in comparison with classical methods. The article compares the fuzzy speed controller for amicro turbine engine with a PI controller, compares them with the transient characteristics and the response to the disturbance

Radio Observations of the January 20, 2005 X-Class Event

We present a multi-frequency and multi-instrument study of the 20 January 2005 event. We focus mainly on the complex radio signatures and their association with the active phenomena taking place: flares, CMEs, particle acceleration and magnetic restructuring. As a variety of energetic particle accelerators and sources of radio bursts are present, in the flare-ejecta combination, we investigate their relative importance in the progress of this event. The dynamic spectra of {Artemis-IV-Wind/Waves-Hiras with 2000 MHz-20 kHz frequency coverage, were used to track the evolution of the event from the low corona to the interplanetary space; these were supplemented with SXR, HXR and gamma-ray recordings. The observations were compared with the expected radio signatures and energetic-particle populations envisaged by the {Standard Flare--CME model and the reconnection outflow termination shock model. A proper combination of these mechanisms seems to provide an adequate model for the interpretation of the observational data.Comment: Accepted for publication in Solar Physic

d dimensional SO(d)-Higgs Models with Instanton and Sphaleron: d=2,3

The Abelian Higgs model and the Georgi-Glashow model in 2 and 3 Euclidean dimensions respectively, support both finite size instantons and sphalerons. The instantons are the familiar Nielsen-Oleson vortices and the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole solutions respectively. We have constructed the sphaleron solutions and calculated the Chern-Simons charges N_cs for sphalerons of both models and have constructed two types of noncontractible loops between topologically distinct vacuua. In the 3 dimensional model, the sphaleron and the vacuua have zero magnetic and electric flux while the configurations on the loops have non vanishing magnetic flux.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figures, LaTe

Parity Violation in Proton-Proton Scattering

Measurements of parity-violating longitudinal analyzing powers (normalized asymmetries) in polarized proton-proton scattering provide a unique window on the interplay between the weak and strong interactions between and within hadrons. Several new proton-proton parity violation experiments are presently either being performed or are being prepared for execution in the near future: at TRIUMF at 221 MeV and 450 MeV and at COSY (Kernforschungsanlage Juelich) at 230 MeV and near 1.3 GeV. These experiments are intended to provide stringent constraints on the set of six effective weak meson-nucleon coupling constants, which characterize the weak interaction between hadrons in the energy domain where meson exchange models provide an appropriate description. The 221 MeV is unique in that it selects a single transition amplitude (3P2-1D2) and consequently constrains the weak meson-nucleon coupling constant h_rho{pp}. The TRIUMF 221 MeV proton-proton parity violation experiment is described in some detail. A preliminary result for the longitudinal analyzing power is Az = (1.1 +/-0.4 +/-0.4) x 10^-7. Further proton-proton parity violation experiments are commented on. The anomaly at 6 GeV/c requires that a new multi-GeV proton-proton parity violation experiment be performed.Comment: 13 Pages LaTeX, 5 PostScript figures, uses espcrc1.sty. Invited talk at QULEN97, International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics -- Nonperturbative QCD Hadron Physics & Electroweak Nuclear Processes --, Osaka, Japan May 20--23, 199