3,924 research outputs found
Offside goals and induced breaches of contract
An analysis of Global Resources Group Ltd v Mackay which explores the possibility of building links between the offside goals rule and nominate delict of inducing breach of contract
On the fundamental group of the complement of a complex hyperplane arrangement
We construct two combinatorially equivalent line arrangements in the complex
projective plane such that the fundamental groups of their complements are not
isomorphic. The proof uses a new invariant of the fundamental group of the
complement to a line arrangement of a given combinatorial type with respect to
isomorphisms inducing the canonical isomorphism of the first homology groups.Comment: 12 pages, Latex2e with AMSLaTeX 1.2, no figures; this last version is
almost the same as published in Functional Analysis and its Applications 45:2
(2011), 137-14
On a Site of X-ray Emission in AE Aquarii
An analysis of recently reported results of XMM-Newton observations of AE Aqr
within a hypothesis that the detected X-ray source is located inside the Roche
lobe of the white dwarf is presented. I show this hypothesis to be inconsistent
with the currently adopted model of mass-transfer in the system. Possible
solutions of this problem are briefly discussed.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
Short-term emission line and continuum variations in Mrk110
We present results of a variability campaign of Mrk110 performed with the
9.2-m Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) at McDonald Observatory. The high S/N
spectra cover most of the optical range. They were taken from 1999 November
through 2000 May. The average interval between the observations was 7.3 days
and the median interval was only 3.0 days. Mrk110 is a narrow-line Seyfert 1
galaxy. During our campaign the continuum flux was in a historically low stage.
Considering the delays of the emission lines with respect to the continuum
variations we could verify an ionization stratification of the BLR. We derived
virial masses of the central black hole from the radial distances of the
different emission lines and from their widths. The calculated central masses
agree within 20%. Furthermore, we identified optical HeI singlet emission lines
emitted in the broad-line region. The observed line fluxes agree with
theoretical predictions. We show that a broad wing on the red side of the
[OIII]5007 line is caused by the HeI singlet line at 5016A.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figures, A&A Latex. Accepted for publication in A&A Main
Journa
Chirped pulse Raman amplification in plasma
Raman amplification in plasma has been proposed to be a promising method of amplifying short radiation pulses. Here, we investigate chirped pulse Raman amplification (CPRA) where the pump pulse is chirped and leads to spatiotemporal distributed gain, which exhibits superradiant scaling in the linear regime, usually associated with the nonlinear pump depletion and Compton amplification regimes. CPRA has the potential to serve as a high-efficiency high-fidelity amplifier/compressor stage
Application of Volcano Plots in Analyses of mRNA Differential Expressions with Microarrays
Volcano plot displays unstandardized signal (e.g. log-fold-change) against
noise-adjusted/standardized signal (e.g. t-statistic or -log10(p-value) from
the t test). We review the basic and an interactive use of the volcano plot,
and its crucial role in understanding the regularized t-statistic. The joint
filtering gene selection criterion based on regularized statistics has a curved
discriminant line in the volcano plot, as compared to the two perpendicular
lines for the "double filtering" criterion. This review attempts to provide an
unifying framework for discussions on alternative measures of differential
expression, improved methods for estimating variance, and visual display of a
microarray analysis result. We also discuss the possibility to apply volcano
plots to other fields beyond microarray.Comment: 8 figure
The Computational Complexity of Knot and Link Problems
We consider the problem of deciding whether a polygonal knot in 3-dimensional
Euclidean space is unknotted, capable of being continuously deformed without
self-intersection so that it lies in a plane. We show that this problem, {\sc
unknotting problem} is in {\bf NP}. We also consider the problem, {\sc
unknotting problem} of determining whether two or more such polygons can be
split, or continuously deformed without self-intersection so that they occupy
both sides of a plane without intersecting it. We show that it also is in NP.
Finally, we show that the problem of determining the genus of a polygonal knot
(a generalization of the problem of determining whether it is unknotted) is in
{\bf PSPACE}. We also give exponential worst-case running time bounds for
deterministic algorithms to solve each of these problems. These algorithms are
based on the use of normal surfaces and decision procedures due to W. Haken,
with recent extensions by W. Jaco and J. L. Tollefson.Comment: 32 pages, 1 figur
The ability to accumulate deoxyuridine triphosphate and cellular response to thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition
Thymidylate synthase (TS) is an important enzyme catalysing the reductive methylation of dUMP to dTMP that is further metabolized to dTTP for DNA synthesis. Loss of viability following TS inhibition occurs as a consequence of depleted dTTP pools and at least in some cell lines, accumulation of dUTP and subsequent misincorporation of uracil into DNA. The expansion in dUTP pools is largely determined by the expression of the pyrophosphatase, dUTPase. Our previous work has shown that following TS inhibition the ability to accumulate dUTP was associated with an earlier growth inhibitory effect. 3 human lung tumour cell lines and HT29 human colon tumour cells transfected with dUTPase have been used to investigate the relationship between loss of viability following TS inhibition and dUTP accumulation. Cell cycle arrest typical of TS inhibition was an early event in all cell lines and occurred irrespective of the ability to accumulate dUTP or p53 function. However, a large expansion of dUTP pools was associated with mature DNA damage (4 h) and an earlier loss of viability following TS inhibition compared to cells in which dUTP pools were not expanded. In A549 cells damage to mature DNA may have been exacerbated by significantly higher activity of the excision repair enzyme, uracil-DNA glycosylase. Consistent with results using different inhibitors of TS, transfection of dUTPase into HT29 cells significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of a 24 h but not 48 h exposure to ZD9331. Although loss of viability can be mediated through dTTP deprivation alone, the uracil misincorporation pathway resulted in an earlier commitment to cell death. The relevance of this latter pathway in the clinical response to TS inhibitors deserves further investigation. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co
An ultrashort pulse ultra-violet radiation undulator source driven by a laser plasma wakefield accelerator
Narrow band undulator radiation tuneable over the wavelength range of 150–260 nm has been produced by short electron bunches from a 2 mm long laser plasma wakefield accelerator based on a 20 TW femtosecond laser system. The number of photons measured is up to 9 × 106 per shot for a 100 period undulator, with a mean peak brilliance of 1 × 1018 photons/s/mrad2/mm2/0.1% bandwidth. Simulations estimate that the driving electron bunch r.m.s. duration is as short as 3 fs when the electron beam has energy of 120–130 MeV with the radiation pulse duration in the range of 50–100 fs
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