Features of the Development of the Continuous Professional Training System in the Management Sphere at the Modern Stage (Example of the Republic of Belarus)

The article is devoted to the problem of improving the system of continuous professional training in the field of management. The article contains a review of the following actual features of training management personnel: continuity and incessancy, flexibility and variability, compactness and practical orientation, the on-person orientation of the educational process. Attention is focused on the need to develop “soft” skills and communication competencies of students, as well as the need to enhance cooperation with regional reserves of management personnel

Triple GEM Tracking Detectors for the BM@N Experiment

BM@N (Baryonic Matter at the Nuclotron) is the fixed target experiment aimed to study nuclear matter in the relativistic heavy ion collisions at the Nuclotron accelerator in JINR. The BM@N tracking system is based on Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) detectors, mounted inside the BM@N analyzing magnet. The structure of the GEM detectors and the results of study of their characteristics are presented. The GEM detectors are integrated into the BM@N experimental setup and data acquisition system. The results of the first test of the GEM tracking system in the technical run with the deuteron beam are shortly reviewed

Modern microwave methods in solid state inorganic materials chemistry: from fundamentals to manufacturing

No abstract available

Production of {\pi}+ and K+ mesons in argon-nucleus interactions at 3.2 AGeV

First physics results of the BM@N experiment at the Nuclotron/NICA complex are presented on {\pi}+ and K+ meson production in interactions of an argon beam with fixed targets of C, Al, Cu, Sn and Pb at 3.2 AGeV. Transverse momentum distributions, rapidity spectra and multiplicities of {\pi}+ and K+ mesons are measured. The results are compared with predictions of theoretical models and with other measurements at lower energies.Comment: 29 pages, 20 figure

How well do second-year students learn physical diagnosis? Observational study of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)

BACKGROUND: Little is known about using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in physical diagnosis courses. The purpose of this study was to describe student performance on an OSCE in a physical diagnosis course. METHODS: Cross-sectional study at Harvard Medical School, 1997–1999, for 489 second-year students. RESULTS: Average total OSCE score was 57% (range 39–75%). Among clinical skills, students scored highest on patient interaction (72%), followed by examination technique (65%), abnormality identification (62%), history-taking (60%), patient presentation (60%), physical examination knowledge (47%), and differential diagnosis (40%) (p < .0001). Among 16 OSCE stations, scores ranged from 70% for arthritis to 29% for calf pain (p < .0001). Teaching sites accounted for larger adjusted differences in station scores, up to 28%, than in skill scores (9%) (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Students scored higher on interpersonal and technical skills than on interpretive or integrative skills. Station scores identified specific content that needs improved teaching

Morphine induces the release of CCL5 from astrocytes: Potential neuroprotective mechanism against the HIV protein gp120

A number of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) positive subjects are also opiate abusers. These individuals are at high risk to develop neurological complications. However, little is still known about the molecular mechanism(s) linking opiates and HIV neurotoxicity. To learn more, we exposed rat neuronal/glial cultures prepared from different brain areas to opiate agonists and HIV envelope glycoproteins gp120IIIB or BaL. These strains bind to CXCR4 and CCR5 chemokine receptors, respectively, and promote neuronal death. Morphine did not synergize the toxic effect of gp120IIIB but inhibited the cytotoxic property of gp120BaL. This effect was blocked by naloxone and reproduced by the mu opioid receptor agonist DAMGO. To examine the potential mechanism(s) of neuroprotection, we determined the effect of morphine on the release of chemokines CCL5 and CXCL12 in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia cultures. CCL5 has been shown to prevent gp120BaL neurotoxicity while CXCL12 decreases neuronal survival. Morphine elicited a time-dependent release of CCL5 but failed to affect the release of CXCL12. This effect was observed only in primary cultures of astrocytes. To examine the role of endogenous CCL5 in the neuroprotective activity of morphine, mixed cerebellar neurons/glial cells were immunoneutralized against CCL5 prior to morphine and gp120 treatment. In these cells the neuroprotective effect of opiate agonists was blocked. Our data suggest that morphine may exhibit a neuroprotective activity against M-tropic gp120 through the release of CCL5 from astrocytes