Transience analysis of bursty traffic with erbium doped fiber amplifiers

Copyright © [2009] IEEE. Reprinted from ICTON 2009. ISBN 978-1-4244-4826-5. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.In this paper, we investigate experimentally the impact of optical amplifiers, namely Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) on Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks, operating at 2.5 Gb/s (typical bit rate for current passive optical networks - PON). Bursts with 212 – 1 and 216 – 1 pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) were studied, with different idle times. The use of traffic with variable idle time was assessed in order to evaluate the effect on the burst initial amplitude. We also analyzed the performance of the packet based system by measuring the Q factor at the receiver and concluded that the performance is not affected by the type of traffic (variable or fixed idle times)

An integrated view on monitoring and compensation for dynamic optical networks: from management to physical layer

A vertical perspective, ranging from management and routing to physical layer options, concerning dynamic network monitoring and compensation of impairments (M&C), is given. Feasibility, reliability, and performance improvements on reconfigurable transparent networks are expected to arise from the consolidated assessment of network management and control specifications, as a more accurate evaluation of available M&C techniques. In the network layer, physical parameters aware algorithms are foreseen to pursue reliable network performance. In the physical layer, some new M&C methods were developed and rating of the state-of-the-art reported in literature is given. Optical monitoring implementation and viability is discussed.Publicad

Erbium doped organic compounds for integrated optics.

In this paper, optical properties of novel 1.54 μm emitting organic compounds are presented. Erbium tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) and Erbium dibromo-quinoline thin films have been solution processed and are compared by absorbance and infrared emission. Edges and flaws related to the processing of the two compounds are remarked. © 2008 IEEE

Optical clock recovery from 10-Gb/s NRZ signal after propagation on 100 km of DS, NZD or SR installed fiber

An optical clock has been experimentally recovered by an actively mode-locked fiber ring based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) from a 10-Gb/s NRZ data stream after propagation on 100 km of installed fiber (either DS, or NZD, or SR). The results indicate the flexibility and robustness of the technique, which seems well suited for application in optical networks. (C) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Applications and Low Cost Processing of Erbium Quinolinolates for Active Integrated Photonic Devices

Rare earth-doped organic materials represent a promising alternative to play the role of active materials for Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs), meeting the requirement of low cost integration. In particular, Erbium Quinolinolates (ErQ) attracted a strong interest in the last decade for their good efficiency of emission in the C band of the optical communications centered at 1550 nm. In this paper, a resume of the application of ErQ for processing of photonic devices is presented. Results deriving from the optical characterization of the ErQ materials and their application as active materials into optical waveguides and light emitting devices are reported. Finally, the results of the improvement of the ErQs via a purposed chemical synthesis towards more efficient and lower cost solution processed devices are presented

Stable oscillating nonlinear beams in square-wave-biased-photorefractives

Summary form only given. Optical micrometer sized beams in biased photorefractives self-trap in a transient regime, reaching steady-state by increasing the sample conductivity. We investigate a fundamentally different stabilization process connected to beam behaviour in a non-stationary external bias field. We study beam evolution in the presence of an alternating field in centrosymmetric potassium-lithium-tantalate-niobate (KLTN

Optical multicasting performance evaluation using multi-wavelength conversion by four-wave mixing in DSF at 10/20/40 Gb/s

Transparent optical multicast by multi-wavelength conversion has revealed a brand-new way for performing data multicast function directly in the optical domain without bypassing any electronic processing. Wavelength conversion by four-wave-mixing (FWM) is suitable for high-bitrate data transmission and offers strict transparency to any modulation format. In this paper, experimental results of performance evaluation of multi- wavelength conversion at 10/20/40 Gb/s by FWM in dispersion-shifted fiber are presented and discussed

Model Analysis of Hydrometeor Scattering Effects on Free Space Near-Infrared Links

A promising technology for peer-to-peer connections and urban area networks is represented by wireless communications through free space using optical carrier (Free Space Optics, FSO). This technology ensures high data rates, with relatively low error rates, low power consumption and inherent security. Nevertheless FSO links are quite sensitive to atmospheric condition. Fog droplets, but also raindrops and snowflakes, may introduce severe path attenuation which drastically reduces the channel availability. A parametric model to simulate droplets scattering effects over the FSO link in terms of extinction coefficient, albedo factor and asymmetry coefficient as function of the particle water content will be presented. Both single and multiple scattering effects will be shown