A local defect resonance for linear and nonlinear ultrasonic thermography

An efficient wave-defect interaction is the key to a high thermal response of flaws in ultrasonic thermography. To selectively enhance defect vibrations a concept of local defect resonance is developed and applied to ultrasonic activation of defects. The frequency match between the defect resonance frequency and the probing ultrasonic wave results in a substantial rise of a local defect temperature. The defect resonance is accompanied by depletion of the excitation frequency vibration due to nonlinear frequency conversion to higher harmonics. The local generation of higher frequency components provides a high thermal defect response in such an acoustically nonlinear thermography mode

Invisible Quarkonium Decays as a Sensitive Probe of Dark Matter

We examine in a model-independent manner the measurements that can be performed at B-factories with sensitivity to dark matter. If a singlet scalar, pseudo-scalar, or vector is present and mediates the Standard Model - dark matter interaction, it can mediate invisible decays of quarkonium states such as the $\Upsilon$, $J/\Psi$, and $\eta$. Such scenarios have arisen in the context of supersymmetry, extended Higgs sectors, solutions the supersymmetric $\mu$ problem, and extra U(1) gauge groups from grand unified theories and string theory. Existing B-factories running at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ can produce lower $\Upsilon$ resonances by emitting an Initial State Radiation (ISR) photon. Using a combination of ISR and radiative decays, the initial state of an invisibly decaying quarkonium resonance can be tagged, giving sensitivity to the spin and CP-nature of the particle that mediates standard model-dark matter interactions. These measurements can discover or place strong constraints on dark matter scenarios where the dark matter is approximately lighter than the $b$-quark. For the decay chains $\Upsilon(nS) \to \pi^+ \pi^- \Upsilon(1S)$ (n=2,3) we analyze the dominant backgrounds and determine that with $400 fb^{-1}$ collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$, the B-factories can limit BR(\Upsilon(1S) \to invisible) \lsim 0.1%.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in PR

Woe from stones: commemoration, identity politics and Estonia's 'War of Monuments'

No abstract available

Manufacture of desired end products by means of fine treatment of coal tar resin

The possibility of desired end product manufacture from by-product coke industry wastes is shown. A large number of valuable products can be obtained from different fractions of coal tar resin by their fine treatment. The products obtained in this way find application in medical and chemical industries and etc. Moreover, recycling of by-product coke wastes into end products solves the problem of their utilization

High-boiling components in straw oil

Investigation of straw oil and polymer quality produced in the process of its regeneration has been carried out. The conclusions about using polymers as a material for base end products are made. Flow scheme of technological treatment of straw oil wastes is suggested

Final-sate radiation in electron-positron annihilation into a pion pair

The process of $e^+e^-$ annihilation into a $\pi^+\pi^-$ pair with radiation of a photon is considered. The amplitude of the reaction $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-\gamma$ consists of the model independent initial-state radiation (ISR) and model-dependent final-state radiation (FSR). The general structure of the FSR tensor is constructed from Lorentz covariance, gauge invariance and discrete symmetries in terms of the three invariant functions. To calculate these functions we apply Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) with vector and axial-vector mesons. The contribution of $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-\gamma$ process to the muon anomalous magnetic moment is evaluated, and results are compared with the dominant contribution in the framework of a hybrid model, consisting of VMD and point-like scalar eletrodynamics. The developed approach allows us also to calculate the $\pi^+\pi^-$ charge asymmetry.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure

New results on the hadronic vacuum polarization to the muon g-2

Results on the lowest-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon magnetic anomaly are presented. They are based on the latest published experimental data used as input to the dispersion integral. Thus recent results on tau to nutau pi pi0 decays from Belle and on e+ e- annihilation to pi+ pi- from BABAR and KLOE are included. The new data, together with improved isospin-breaking corrections for tau decays, result into a much better consistency among the different results. A discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and the direct g-2 measurement is found at the level of 3 sigma.Comment: proceedings of the PhiPsi09 conference, Oct. 13-16, 2009, Beijing, Chin