10 The adoption of sentinel node mapping with or without backup lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer

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Practice patterns and 90-day treatment-related morbidity in early-stage cervical cancer

To evaluate the impact of the Laparoscopic Approach to Cervical Cancer (LACC) Trial on patterns of care and surgery-related morbidity in early-stage cervical cancer

[Vulvovaginal candidiasis: a therapeutic approach].

The vulvovaginal candidiasis represents, after the bacterial vaginosis, the most frequent cause of vaginal affection. It is esteemed that around the 75% of the women of reproductive age suffered from an episode of vulvovaginitis from candida and 40-45% have had more episodes, of which 10-20% in complicated form. The kind of candida more frequently isolated in the vagina of symptomatic women is the Candida albicans: in the 10-20% of the cases the agent is present in absence of symptomatology, and we can almost consider it a saprophytic. On the other hand, always with greater frequency fetterses can be isolated of not albicans Candida, particularly the tropicalis and the glabrata kind, usually resistant to the common therapies. The classification of the vulvovaginal candidiasis proposed by Sobel, and by now universally approved, foresees 2 clinical forms of vulvovaginal candidiasis, the vulvovaginitis from not complicated candida (VVC) and the vulvovaginitis from complicated candida (VVCC): different for pathogenesis, elapsed clinical, symptomatology and frequency. They have to be considered in the substance 2 different nosological entities, and they request a diagnostic approach and a well different therapeutic appointment. In this study we will shortly reassume the principal characteristics of it, detaining us on the most recent acquisitions in theme of therapy. The base medicines of ac. boric, to parity of effectiveness, seem to introduce the most contained cost and the best compliance, and they offer him to a complementary use or, in some cases, alternative to the more you consolidate therapies with azoli

Human embryo: What about relatedness?

Many studies are still ongoing to allow a global comprehension of the complex mechanisms that characterize and regulate human embryo development during the first weeks of his life. In this article, we decided to explore in particular one aspect of human embryo development: relatedness. Using PubMed database, we selected articles related to this particular theme and 56 articles where included in our analysis. We considered three different types of relatedness: from embryo to mother, from mother to embryo and bilateral relatedness. For each article, we indicated what type of relatedness was mainly present either during pre-implantation phase or during implantation phase or during post-implantation phase. The complex interactions between the mother and the embryo have been discussed and represented using, as emerged from literature, a cooperative agents’ mode

Role of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) as predictor of response to platinum based chemotherapy: A systematic review of literature

Objective: Although epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treatment has greatly improved over the last three decades, a fraction of patients (40-60%) with advanced-stage disease fail to completely respond to standard therapy, because of chemo-resistance to platinum. For this reason, new predictive and monitoring tools were studied to identify platinum resistant EOC patients, with the purpose of improving and personalizing the treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss the latest evidence reported in the literature about the use of Human Epididymis 4 (HE4) to predict platinum resistance among EOC patients. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using the terms “HE4 epithelial ovarian cancer” and “human epididymis protein 4 epithelial ovarian cancer” and they were combined with the terms “chemotherapy”, “platinum” and “response”. Results: The search identified twelve papers, from January 1952 to December 2019, in line with eligibility criteria for this systematic review, all of which demonstrated good performance of HE4 in predicting platinum sensitivity or resistance. Conclusions: All the available studies present limited and non-homogeneous data, therefore more studies are needed to validate and reinforce the role of HE4 in predicting the response to platinum based chemotherapy among ovarian cancer patients

Relaxant effect of proton pump inhibitors on in vitro myometrium from pregnant women

Aim: In this study we investigate in in vitro myometrial tissue samples of pregnant women: (a) the effects of proton pomp inhibitors (PPIs) (omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole and rabeprazole) on spontaneous contractions; (b) the muscle-relaxant efficacy of the most active PPI considered (pantoprazole) in comparison with that of other known tocolytics (nifedipine, atosiban, MgSO4, isoxsuprine); (c) the effect of pantoprazole on contractions induced by calcium (Ca++), KCI, oxytocin and prostaglandin (PGE2); (d) the possible mediators of pantoprazole relaxant effect. Methods: Organ bath studies were performed on myometrial tissue samples (40 x 10 x 10 mm) from pregnant women (38-42 weeks of gestational age) undergoing elective caesarian section. Results: All the PPIs studied reduce the spontaneous contraction of the myometrial smooth muscle. Pantoprazole is the most effective and most potent inhibitor among those analyzed. Pantoprazole also reduces the contractions induced by Ca++, KCI, oxytocin and PGE(2). Neither NO, nor PGs, or the activation of Ca++-dependent K currents mediate the muscle-relaxant effect of this PPI. Conclusion: These data, together with the fact that PPIs almost do not present side effects, suggest that these drugs can offer new therapeutic strategies for preterm delivery. Undoubtedly, further investigations and clinical studies are necessary before adding PPIs to the list of drugs available for the treatment of preterm delivery. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved