The subperichondrial / subperiosteal dissection in preservation rhinoplasty: how histology can help us to perform better surgeries

Aim: The classical dissection plane in rhinoplasty is in the sub-SMAS plane with traumatic dissection of tissues and as a result significant and prolonged postoperative edema, especially in the external approach. A complete subperichondrial/periosteal route has been recently described. It seems to allow for simpler postoperative follow-up than external or closed approach performed in the sub-SMAS plane. However, little is known about the exact histological planes that are really dissected during surgery. Material and methods: Histological examinations of 10 cadavers noses dissected in the so-called subperichondrial/subperiosteal plane were performed. Results: The subperichondrial plane is truly subperichondrial and consists in a dissection under the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium. Subperichondrial dissection necessitates sharp scrapping to separate the cartilage from the chondrogenic layer. The perichondrium is naturally thicker on the dorsum, which explains why it is easier to begin the dorsal dissection at the W point. Scroll cartilages are consistent and show between 9 and 13 isolated cartilages, most of the time, 1 major and several minors cartilages. Optimal strategy to ease the dissection is discussed Conclusions: The subperichondrial/subperiosteal route, although necessitating significant dissection of the teguments of the nasal pyramid, is respectful of the anatomy of the nasal pyramid. It allows minimal traumatic maneuvers than in the sub-SMAS route, despite of the large dissection performed

The subperichondrial / subperiosteal dissection in preservation rhinoplasty: how histology can help us to perform better surgeries

Aim: The classical dissection plane in rhinoplasty is in the sub-SMAS plane with traumatic dissection of tissues and as a result significant and prolonged postoperative edema, especially in the external approach. A complete subperichondrial/periosteal route has been recently described. It seems to allow for simpler postoperative follow-up than external or closed approach performed in the sub-SMAS plane. However, little is known about the exact histological planes that are really dissected during surgery. Material and methods: Histological examinations of 10 cadavers noses dissected in the so-called subperichondrial/subperiosteal plane were performed. Results: The subperichondrial plane is truly subperichondrial and consists in a dissection under the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium. Subperichondrial dissection necessitates sharp scrapping to separate the cartilage from the chondrogenic layer. The perichondrium is naturally thicker on the dorsum, which explains why it is easier to begin the dorsal dissection at the W point. Scroll cartilages are consistent and show between 9 and 13 isolated cartilages, most of the time, 1 major and several minors cartilages. Optimal strategy to ease the dissection is discussed Conclusions: The subperichondrial/subperiosteal route, although necessitating significant dissection of the teguments of the nasal pyramid, is respectful of the anatomy of the nasal pyramid. It allows minimal traumatic maneuvers than in the sub-SMAS route, despite of the large dissection performed

A Biphasic and Brain-Region Selective Down-Regulation of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Concentrations Supports Object Recognition in the Rat

Background: We aimed to further understand the relationship between cAMP concentration and mnesic performance. Methods and Findings: Rats were injected with milrinone (PDE3 inhibitor, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.), rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor, 0.3 mg/ kg, i.p.) and/or the selective 5-HT4R agonist RS 67333 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) before testing in the object recognition paradigm. Cyclic AMP concentrations were measured in brain structures linked to episodic-like memory (i.e. hippocampus, prefrontal and perirhinal cortices) before or after either the sample or the testing phase. Except in the hippocampus of rolipram treated-rats, all treatment increased cAMP levels in each brain sub-region studied before the sample phase. After the sample phase, cAMP levels were significantly increased in hippocampus (1.8 fold), prefrontal (1.3 fold) and perirhinal (1.3 fold) cortices from controls rat while decreased in prefrontal cortex (,0.83 to 0.62 fold) from drug-treated rats (except for milrinone+RS 67333 treatment). After the testing phase, cAMP concentrations were still increased in both the hippocampus (2.76 fold) and the perirhinal cortex (2.1 fold) from controls animals. Minor increase were reported in hippocampus and perirhinal cortex from both rolipram (respectively, 1.44 fold and 1.70 fold) and milrinone (respectively 1.46 fold and 1.56 fold)-treated rat. Following the paradigm, cAMP levels were significantly lower in the hippocampus, prefrontal and perirhinal cortices from drug-treated rat when compared to controls animals, however, only drug-treated rats spent longer time exploring the novel object during the testing phase (inter-phase interval of 4 h)

Enhanced ERbeta immunoexpression and apoptosis in the germ cells of cimetidine-treated rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cimetidine, refereed as antiandrogenic drug, causes hormonal changes in male patients such as increased testosterone and FSH levels. In the rat testis, structural alterations in the seminiferous tubules have been related to germ cell loss and Sertoli cell death by apoptosis. Regarding the important role of Sertoli cells in the conversion of testosterone into estrogen, via aromatase, the immunoexpression of estrogen receptors-beta (ERbeta) was evaluated in the germ cells of untreated and treated rats with cimetidine. A relationship between ERbeta immunoreactivity and apoptosis was also investigated in the germ cells of damaged tubules.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Immunohistochemistry for detection of ERbeta and TUNEL method were performed in testicular sections of adult male rats treated with 50 mg/Kg of cimetidine (CmG) or saline solution (CG) for 52 days.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In CG, a cytoplasmic immunoexpression for ERbeta was observed in spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and spermatids. An evident ERbeta immunoreactivity was always observed in the flagellum and residual bodies of late spermatids. In CmG, the cytoplasm or cytoplasm and nuclei of germ cells of the damaged tubules by cimetidine showed enhanced ERbeta immunostaining. TUNEL-labeling was usually observed in the same germ cell types exhibiting enhanced ERbeta immunoreactivity.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The presence of ERbeta immunolabeling in the flagellum and residual bodies of spermatids reinforces the role of estrogen in spermiogenesis. The overexpression of ERbeta in the germ cells of CmG could be related to a possible interference of cimetidine on tubular androgenization and/or on the intratubular aromatase due to Sertoli cell damage. The parallelism between ERbeta overexpression and apoptosis indicates a participation of ERbeta on germ cell death.</p

En contrôlant les signalisations YAP et GEF-H1/RhoB, RASSF1A agit comme gène suppresseur de métastase des Cancers Bronchiques non à Petites Cellules

CERVOXY CLINNational audienc

TnT and Lung/Pleura Cancer

CERVOXY CLINNational audienc

La kinase Hippo, NDR2, contribue au phénotype migratoire/métastatique des cellules de cancer bronchique non à petites cellules

CERVOXYNational audienc

TnT and Lung/Pleura Cancer

CERVOXY CLINNational audienc