The academic background of youth soccer coaches modulates their behavior during training

This investigation aims to explore the relationship between the academic backgrounds of youth soccer coaches (U10 and U12 age groups) in Spain and the type of verbal behavior used during training sessions. The sample consisted of 70 coaches divided into two groups, depending on whether or not they had engaged with a university-level academic studies related to Physical Education and or Sport Sciences. A modified version of the “Coach Analysis and Intervention System” (CAIS), developed by Cushion et al. (2012), was used to collect data. A total of 32,886 verbal behaviors were noted and analyzed. Our results suggest that the coaches with university academic backgrounds frequently use more verbal behaviors and that these could be associated with positive effects on the players’ learning and development processes. We suggest it is important to develop specific training programs aimed at optimizing the coaches’ communicative and socio-affective skills in order to maximize their impact in youth athletes’ learning processCiencias de la Actividad Física y del Deport

Comparative analysis of instructional behaviour of Spanish and English U12s football coaches

Coaching instructional behaviours need to be adapted to individual di↵erences to provide the players with an appropriately diverse range of learning approaches (Nelson, et al., 2014). Empowering learners is crucial for making them take their own decisions on the field of play (Light, et al., 2014). To accomplish this goal the teacher/coach has to shift the role from directing and controlling learning to facilitating and guiding it (Light, 2013). The purpose of the present study was to compare the coach instructional behaviour referred to the presentation of technical and tactical concepts of in England and Spain to investigate the predominance of the type of the instructional approach used (instruction vs. questioning) and to explore the potential di↵erences that may emerge between them due to their di↵erent cultural and academic backgrounds.Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deport

Phase diagrams, critical and multicritical behavior of hard-core Bose-Hubbard models

We determine the zero-temperature phase diagram of the hard-core Bose-Hubbard model on a square lattice by mean-field theory supplemented by a linear spin-wave analysis. Due to the interplay between nearest and next-nearest neighbor interaction and cubic anisotropy several supersolid phases with checkerboard, stripe domain or intermediate symmetry are stabilized. The phase diagrams show three different topologies depending on the relative strength of nearest and next-nearest neighbor interaction. We also find a rich variety of new quantum critical behavior and multicritical points and discuss the corresponding effective actions and universality classes.Comment: 19 pages, ReVTeX, 18 figures included, submitted to PR

Quantum-Phase Transitions of Interacting Bosons and the Supersolid Phase

We investigate the properties of strongly interacting bosons in two dimensions at zero temperature using mean-field theory, a variational Ansatz for the ground state wave function, and Monte Carlo methods. With on-site and short-range interactions a rich phase diagram is obtained. Apart from the homogeneous superfluid and Mott-insulating phases, inhomogeneous charge-density wave phases appear, that are stabilized by the finite-range interaction. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrates the existence of a supersolid phase, in which both long-range order (related to the charge-density wave) and off-diagonal long-range order coexist. We also obtain the critical exponents for the various phase transitions.Comment: RevTex, 20 pages, 10 PostScript figures include

Classification of a supersolid: Trial wavefunctions, Symmetry breakings and Excitation spectra

A state of matter is characterized by its symmetry breaking and elementary excitations. A supersolid is a state which breaks both translational symmetry and internal $U(1)$ symmetry. Here, we review some past and recent works in phenomenological Ginsburg-Landau theories, ground state trial wavefunctions and microscopic numerical calculations. We also write down a new effective supersolid Hamiltonian on a lattice. The eigenstates of the Hamiltonian contains both the ground state wavefunction and all the excited states (supersolidon) wavefunctions. We contrast various kinds of supersolids in both continuous systems and on lattices, both condensed matter and cold atom systems. We provide additional new insights in studying their order parameters, symmetry breaking patterns, the excitation spectra and detection methods.Comment: REVTEX4, 19 pages, 3 figure

"i'm not really afraid of Osama Bin Laden!" fear of terrorism in dutch children

We examined to what extent children in The Netherlands are affected by the threat of terrorism. For this purpose, a sample of school children living in Rotterdam or adjacent satellites (N = 216) completed a fear survey that included a number of terrorism-related items, and were confronted with ambiguous vignettes to measure threat-related interpretation bias. The results demonstrated that although a number of terrorism-related items (i.e., bombing attacks, explosions in a bus or subway) listed high in a ranking of most intense childhood fears, very few children made terrorist-related interpretations of ambiguous situations

Solid 4He and the Supersolid Phase: from Theoretical Speculation to the Discovery of a New State of Matter? A Review of the Past and Present Status of Research

The possibility of a supersolid state of matter, i.e., a crystalline solid exhibiting superfluid properties, first appeared in theoretical studies about forty years ago. After a long period of little interest due to the lack of experimental evidence, it has attracted strong experimental and theoretical attention in the last few years since Kim and Chan (Penn State, USA) reported evidence for nonclassical rotational inertia effects, a typical signature of superfluidity, in samples of solid 4He. Since this "first observation", other experimental groups have observed such effects in the response to the rotation of samples of crystalline helium, and it has become clear that the response of the solid is extremely sensitive to growth conditions, annealing processes, and 3He impurities. A peak in the specific heat in the same range of temperatures has been reported as well as anomalies in the elastic behaviour of solid 4He with a strong resemblance to the phenomena revealed by torsional oscillator experiments. Very recently, the observation of unusual mass transport in hcp solid 4He has also been reported, suggesting superflow. From the theoretical point of view, powerful simulation methods have been used to study solid 4He, but the interpretation of the data is still rather difficult; dealing with the question of supersolidity means that one has to face not only the problem of the coexistence of quantum coherence phenomena and crystalline order, exploring the realm of spontaneous symmetry breaking and quantum field theory, but also the problem of the role of disorder, i.e., how defects, such as vacancies, impurities, dislocations, and grain boundaries, participate in the phase transition mechanism.Comment: Published on J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., Vol.77, No.11, p.11101

Optimal Analysis for the Enhancement in the Thermal Variables Measurement by Smart and Modular Solid State Sensors

The proposed research aims to analyze and optimize the measurement of thermal physical variables during the operation of a hydrogen combustion engine. The optimal measurement of the flow, temperature, pressure, and volume is given over the hydrogen, which is the main fuel of the studied combustion motor. Hence, the success of the measurement is based on the polynomial analysis of the combustion motor operation, which needs nonlinear algorithms to get the optimal correlation of the measured physical variables as well as a high robustness and short response time during the transduction of the measured physical variable, which is achieved as a consequence of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) amorphous nanostructures properties that are modular solid state integration of the designed smart sensor. The short response time and high robustness is a good advantage for the designed smart sensor since it gives more time to execute sophisticated algorithms in order to get the optimal physical variables measurement. In fact, the proposed smart sensor keeps the possibility to be modular and solid state for the interaction with the hydrogen fuel as well as recognizing the presence of other molecules mixed in the fluid, which can alarm the user who is able to recognize whether it is joined oxygen or carbon residues. Therefore, the proposed research work toward a good compromise to care for the environment condition based on a cleaner combustion motor operation

Genetic and environmental influences on the relation between attention problems and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: The assessment of symptoms of ADHD in children is usually based on a clinical interview or a behavior checklist. The aim of the present study is to investigate the extent to which these instruments measure an underlying construct and to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in ADHD. Methods: Maternal ratings were collected on 10,916 twins from 5,458 families. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) ratings were available for 10,018, 6,565, and 5,780 twins at the ages 7, 10, and 12, respectively. The Conners Rating Scale (4,887 twins) and the DSM interview (1,006 twins) were completed at age 12. The magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on the variance of the three measures of ADHD and the covariance among the three measures of ADHD was obtained. Results: Phenotypic correlations range between .45 and .77. Variances and covariances of the measurements were explained mainly by genetic influences. The model that provided the best account of the data included an independent pathway for additive and dominant genetic effects. The genetic correlations among the measures collected at age 12 varied between .63 and 1.00. Conclusions: The genetic overlap between questionnaire ratings and the DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD is high. Clinical and research implications of these findings are presented