Analisis Bioekonomi Perikanan Untuk Cumi-cumi (Loligo SP) Yang Tertangkap Dengan Cantrang Di Tpi Tanjungsari Kabupaten Rembang

Cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) merupakan salah satu sumberdaya perikanan yang memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai komoditas komersial. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk menganalisis aspek bioekonomi cumi-cumi di perairan Rembang menggunakan perhitungan bioekonomi model Gordon-Schaefer dan Copes, serta menganalisis tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya cumi-cumi di perairan Rembang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode studi kasus dengan analisa deskriptif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode multi stages sampling. Metode analisis data dengan melakukan perhitungan Catch per Unit Effort dari alat tangkap yang digunakan. Kemudian dihitung nilai MSY, MEY, OA, SO dan nilai tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan tangkap pada tiap tahunnya. Hasil analisis dari penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) pada tahun 2008-2012 di perairan Kabupaten Rembang adalah 4,57 kg/trip alat tangkap. Produksi optimal (Copt) pada MSY model Gordon-Schaefer sebesar 156.511 kg/tahun dengan effort optimum (Eopt) 15.915 trip/tahun. Keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 1.956.977.994,-. Produksi optimal (Copt) pada MEY model Gordon-Schaefer sebesar 155.428 kg/tahun dan effort optimum (Eopt) sebesar 14.591 trip/tahun. Keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 1.973.232.611,-. Produksi optimal (Copt) pada SO model Copes sebesar 155.428 kg/tahun dan effort optimum (Eopt) sebesar 14.591 trip/tahun. Keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp 1.973.232.611,-. Produksi optimal (Copt) pada OAE model Copes sebesar 47.758 kg/tahun dan effort optimum (Eopt) sebesar 29.182 trip/tahun. Pada kondisi ini nelayan tidak memperoleh keuntungan. Tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya cumi-cumi di perairan Rembang pada tahun 2008-2012 memiliki rata-rata nilai sebesar 63%. Squid (Loligo sp) is one kinds of fishery resources which has the potency to be used as a commercial commodity. The purposes of this research were to analyse bioeconomic aspects of squid in Rembang seawaters with the measured models of bioeconomy Gordon-Schaefer and Copes, to analyse equilibrium of squid resources utilization in Rembang seawaters. The method used in this research is the case study method with a descriptive analysis. The sampling method used in this research was multi stages sampling method. The method of data analysis in this research was measured the Catch per Unit Effort of fishing gear it used cantrang within the first 5 years (2008-2012). And also measure, equilibrium of MSY, MEY, OA , SO and the value of fisheries resource utilization rate every year. The results of the average value of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) from 2008-2012 at Rembang seawaters was 4.57 kg/unit effort. Optimum production (Copt) of MSY Gordon-Schaefer bioeconomic models was 156.511 kg/year with optimum effort (Eopt) 15.915 trips/year. The profits earned was Rp 1.956.977.994,-. The MEY of squid production was 155.428 kg / year and optimum effort (Eopt) was 14.591 trips/year. The profits earned was Rp 1.973.232.611,-. Optimum production (Copt) of SO Copes bioeconomic models was 155.428 kg/year with optimum effort (Eopt) 14.591 trips/year. The profits earned was Rp 1.973.232.611,-. While limitation for squid production in Open Access condition was 47.758 kg/year and the effort maximum 29.182 trips/year. In this condition do not benefit the fisherman. The average value of squid resources utilization at Rembang seawaters from 2008 until 2012 was of 63%

Twilight zone observation network: a distributed observation network for sustained, real-time interrogation of the ocean’s twilight zone

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Thorrold, S. R., Adams, A., Bucklin, A., Buesseler, K., Fischer, G., Govindarajan, A., Hoagland, P., Jin, D., Lavery, A., Llopez, J., Madin, L., Omand, M., Renaud, P. G., Sosik, H. M., Wiebe, P., Yoerger, D. R., & Zhang, W. Twilight zone observation network: a distributed observation network for sustained, real-time interrogation of the Ocean’s Twilight Zone. Marine Technology Society Journal, 55(3), (2021): 92–93, https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.55.3.46.The ocean's twilight zone (TZ) is a vast, globe-spanning region of the ocean. Home to myriad fishes and invertebrates, mid-water fishes alone may constitute 10 times more biomass than all current ocean wild-caught fisheries combined. Life in the TZ supports ocean food webs and plays a critical role in carbon capture and sequestration. Yet the ecological roles that mesopelagic animals play in the ocean remain enigmatic. This knowledge gap has stymied efforts to determine the effects that extraction of mesopelagic biomass by industrial fisheries, or alterations due to climate shifts, may have on ecosystem services provided by the open ocean. We propose to develop a scalable, distributed observation network to provide sustained interrogation of the TZ in the northwest Atlantic. The network will leverage a “tool-chest” of emerging and enabling technologies including autonomous, unmanned surface and underwater vehicles and swarms of low-cost “smart” floats. Connectivity among in-water assets will allow rapid assimilation of data streams to inform adaptive sampling efforts. The TZ observation network will demonstrate a bold new step towards the goal of continuously observing vast regions of the deep ocean, significantly improving TZ biomass estimates and understanding of the TZ's role in supporting ocean food webs and sequestering carbon.This research is part of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution’s Ocean Twilight Zone Project, funded as part of The Audacious Project housed at TED

Structures of PI4KIIIβ complexes show simultaneous recruitment of Rab11 and its effectors

Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4Ks) and small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are essential for processes that require expansion and remodeling of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P)-containing membranes, including cytokinesis, intracellular development of malarial pathogens, and replication of a wide range of RNA viruses. However, the structural basis for coordination of PI4K, GTPases and their effectors is unknown. Here, we describe structures of PI4KB (PI4KIIIβ) bound to the small GTPase Rab11a without and with the Rab11 effector protein FIP3. The Rab11-PI4KIIIβ interface is unique compared with known structures of Rab complexes, and does not involve switch regions used by GTPase effectors. Our data provide a mechanism for how PI4KIIIβ coordinates Rab11 and its effectors on PI4P-enriched membranes, and also provide strategies for the design of specific inhibitors that could potentially target plasmodial PI4KIIIβ to combat malaria

Oxysterol Binding Protein-dependent Activation of Sphingomyelin Synthesis in the Golgi Apparatus Requires Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase IIα

The study identifies a sterol- and oxysterol binding protein (OSBP)-regulated phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase that regulates ceramide transport protein (CERT) activity and sphingomyelin (SM) synthesis. RNA interference silencing experiments identify PI4KIIα; as the mediator of Golgi recruitment of CERT, providing a potential mechanism for coordinating assembly of SM and cholesterol in the Golgi or more distal compartments

The Distribution of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate in Acinar Cells of Rat Pancreas Revealed with the Freeze-Fracture Replica Labeling Method

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] is a phospholipid that has been implicated in multiple cellular activities. The distribution of PI(4,5)P2 has been analyzed extensively using live imaging of the GFP-coupled phospholipase C-δ1 pleckstrin homology domain in cultured cell lines. However, technical difficulties have prevented the study of PI(4,5)P2 in cells of in vivo tissues. We recently developed a method to analyze the nanoscale distribution of PI(4,5)P2 in cultured cells by using the quick-freezing and freeze-fracture replica labeling method. In principle, this method can be applied to any cell because it does not require the expression of artificial probes. In the present study, we modified the method to study cells of in vivo tissues and applied it to pancreatic exocrine acinar cells of the rat. We found that PI(4,5)P2 in the plasma membrane is distributed in an equivalent density in the apical and basolateral domains, but exists in a significantly higher concentration in the gap junction. The intracellular organelles did not show labeling for PI(4,5)P2. The results are novel or different from the reported distribution patterns in cell lines and highlight the importance of studying cells differentiated in vivo

Chromogranin-A production and fragmentation in patients with Takayasu arteritis

BACKGROUND: Chromogranin-A (CgA) is a secretory protein processed into peptides that regulate angiogenesis and vascular cells activation, migration and proliferation. These processes may influence arterial inflammation and remodelling in Takayasu arteritis (TA). METHODS: Plasma levels of full-length CgA (CgA439), CgA fragments lacking the C-terminal region (CgA-FRs) and the N-terminal fragment, CgA1-76 (vasostatin-1, VS-1) were analysed in 42 patients with TA and 20 healthy age-matched controls. Vascular remodelling was longitudinally assessed by imaging. CgA peptides were related to markers of systemic and local inflammation, disease activity and vascular remodelling. RESULTS: Levels of CgA-FRs and VS-1 were increased in TA. Treatment with proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and arterial hypertension partially accounted for CgA levels and high inter-patient variability. CgA439, CgA-FRs and VS-1 levels did not reflect disease activity or extent. Markers of systemic or local inflammation correlated with higher CgA-FRs and VS-1 in normotensive patients and with higher CgA439 in hypertensive patients. Treatment with non-biologic anti-rheumatic agents was associated with increased CgA-FRs and a distinctive regulation of CgA processing. Reduced blood levels of anti-angiogenic CgA peptides were associated with vascular remodelling in the groups of patients on PPIs and with arterial hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: The plasma levels of CgA fragments are markedly increased in TA as a consequence of disease- and therapy-related variables. Anti-angiogenic forms of CgA may limit vascular remodelling. Given the effect of the various CgA peptides, it is advisable to limit the therapeutic prescriptions that might influence CgA-derived peptide levels to clearly agreed medical indications until further data become available