Symmetry, singularities and integrability in complex dynamics III: approximate symmetries and invariants

The different natures of approximate symmetries and their corresponding first integrals/invariants are delineated in the contexts of both Lie symmetries of ordinary differential equations and Noether symmetries of the Action Integral. Particular note is taken of the effect of taking higher orders of the perturbation parameter. Approximate symmetries of approximate first integrals/invariants and the problems of calculating them using the Lie method are considered

Serological methods in modern biotechnologies and their bioanalytical standardization

Серологічні методи використовувались в першу чергу перед усіма методами клінічної лабораторної діагностики, і вони залишаються надзвичайно актуальними і донині. Серологічні методи застосовуються для діагностики як інфекційних (бактеріальних, вірусних, грибкових, паразитарних), так і неінфекційних (онкологічних, ендокринних, алергічних) захворювань. Значна частка діагностичних обстежень, проведених лабораторною службою, стосується саме серологічних тестів. Серологічні методи залишаються невід'ємною частиною забезпечення санітарного та епідеміологічного благополуччя кожної країни. Розробка продуктів серологічної діагностики є предметом імунобіотехнології – розділу біотехнології, метою якого є створення діагностичних та імунних препаратів для діагностики, лікування та профілактики захворювань людини та тварин. Продукти для серологічної діагностики належать до класу медичних апаратів. Очевидно, що проблема, вирішена такими медичними препаратами, є надзвичайно важливою, адже від вірогідності результатів лабораторного дослідження залежить здоров’я та життя пацієнта. Ось чому на сучасному етапі особлива увага приділяється якості медичних пристроїв для діагностики in vitro, що, в свою чергу, пов'язано з питаннями стандартизації та технічного регулювання. У роботі здійснено огляд медикобіологічних характеристик основних поширених серологічних методів діагностики. Узагальнено сучасні наукові та нормативні вимоги до аналітичної якості продукції для серологічної діагностики in vitro.Serological methods have become to use first turn before all methods of clinical laboratory diagnostics, and they stay remain extremely relevant to the present day. Serologic methods are used for diagnostics as infectious (bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic), and non-infectious (oncological, endocrine, allergic) diseases. A significant proportion of diagnostic examinations carried out by the laboratory service relates precisely to serological tests. Serologic methods remain an indispensable part of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of each country. Development of serological diagnostics products is the subject of immunobiotechnology – a section of biotechnology, which aims to create diagnostic and immune preparations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of human and animal diseases. Products for serological diagnostics belong to a class of medical devises. Obviously, the problem solved by such medical products is extremely responsible, because the health and life of the patient depends on the correctness of the outcome of the laboratory study. That is why, at the present stage, special attention is paid to the quality of medical devises for in vitro diagnostics, which, in turn, is connected with questions of standardization and technical regulation. A review of the medical and biological characteristics of the main common serological methods of diagnosis was made. The modern scientific and regulatory requirements for the analytical quality of products for serological in vitro diagnostics were summarized

Consequences of a covariant Description of Heavy Ion Reactions at intermediate Energies

Heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies are studied by using a new RQMD code, which is a covariant generalization of the QMD approach. We show that this new implementation is able to produce the same results in the nonrelativistic limit (i.e. 50MeV/nucl.) as the non-covariant QMD. Such a comparison is not available in the literature. At higher energies (i.e. 1.5 GeV/nucl. and 2 GeV/nucl.) RQMD and QMD give different results in respect to the time evolution of the phase space, for example for the directed transverse flow. These differences show that consequences of a covariant description of heavy ion reactions within the framework of RQMD are existing even at intermediate energies.Comment: LaTex-file, 28 pages, 8 figures (available upon request), accepted for publication in Physical Review

West Nile virus in the New World: potential impacts on bird species

The past five years have seen the arrival and extremely rapid expansion of West Nile virus (WNV) in the Western Hemisphere. The rapid sweep across North America has permitted little time for developing knowledge of the virus’s potential impacts on wildlife in the New World. Given this information gap, we here summarize for the ornithological community what is known or can be anticipated for WNV’s effect on bird communities in coming years. Our particular focus is on impacts of WNV on the conservation status of birds, the principal vertebrate reservoir for the virus

Spoken-behavioral analysis of the poem by M.Y. Lermontov "song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young oprichnik and brave merchant Kalashnikov"

Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young oprichnik and brave merchant Kalashnikov had drawn attention of many scientists [Lominadze, Golstein, Kiseleva, Komar], who were considering it in literary key, at this - in different aspects, including religious, detecting contradictions in estimation of Christian attitude of the poet. Along with that, the poem of M.Y. Lermontov is interesting from language culturological positions, as language has an ability to accumulate culture (including religious) of people speaking it. Methods of research are description and language culturological. Research was conducted with reliance on conception of spokenbehavioral tactics of E.M. Vereshchagin and V.G. Kostomarov and figured by them spoken-behavioral tactics of the central fragment of Russian national culture - the culture of guilt and apology. In work are analyzed spoken-behavioral tactics of delict (guilt of any kind) admission and its obliteration and also their verbal realizations. There were separated spoken-behavioral tactics of forced guilt admission, guilt admission and also singular and abstinative spoken-behavioral tactics showing divergence of world vision of M.Y. Lermontov with ethic of the New Testament. In result was made a conclusion abut the fact that setting for religiousness of M.Y. Lermontov in considered poem does not correspond to truly Christian school of thought

Spoken-behavioral analysis of the poem by M.Y. Lermontov "song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young oprichnik and brave merchant Kalashnikov"

Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young oprichnik and brave merchant Kalashnikov had drawn attention of many scientists [Lominadze, Golstein, Kiseleva, Komar], who were considering it in literary key, at this - in different aspects, including religious, detecting contradictions in estimation of Christian attitude of the poet. Along with that, the poem of M.Y. Lermontov is interesting from language culturological positions, as language has an ability to accumulate culture (including religious) of people speaking it. Methods of research are description and language culturological. Research was conducted with reliance on conception of spokenbehavioral tactics of E.M. Vereshchagin and V.G. Kostomarov and figured by them spoken-behavioral tactics of the central fragment of Russian national culture - the culture of guilt and apology. In work are analyzed spoken-behavioral tactics of delict (guilt of any kind) admission and its obliteration and also their verbal realizations. There were separated spoken-behavioral tactics of forced guilt admission, guilt admission and also singular and abstinative spoken-behavioral tactics showing divergence of world vision of M.Y. Lermontov with ethic of the New Testament. In result was made a conclusion abut the fact that setting for religiousness of M.Y. Lermontov in considered poem does not correspond to truly Christian school of thought

Quantum Time and Spatial Localization: An Analysis of the Hegerfeldt Paradox

Two related problems in relativistic quantum mechanics, the apparent superluminal propagation of initially localized particles and dependence of spatial localization on the motion of the observer, are analyzed in the context of Dirac's theory of constraints. A parametrization invariant formulation is obtained by introducing time and energy operators for the relativistic particle and then treating the Klein-Gordon equation as a constraint. The standard, physical Hilbert space is recovered, via integration over proper time, from an augmented Hilbert space wherein time and energy are dynamical variables. It is shown that the Newton-Wigner position operator, being in this description a constant of motion, acts on states in the augmented space. States with strictly positive energy are non-local in time; consequently, position measurements receive contributions from states representing the particle's position at many times. Apparent superluminal propagation is explained by noting that, as the particle is potentially in the past (or future) of the assumed initial place and time of localization, it has time to propagate to distant regions without exceeding the speed of light. An inequality is proven showing the Hegerfeldt paradox to be completely accounted for by the hypotheses of subluminal propagation from a set of initial space-time points determined by the quantum time distribution arising from the positivity of the system's energy. Spatial localization can nevertheless occur through quantum interference between states representing the particle at different times. The non-locality of the same system to a moving observer is due to Lorentz rotation of spatial axes out of the interference minimum.Comment: This paper is identical to the version appearing in J. Math. Phys. 41; 6093 (Sept. 2000). The published version will be found at http://ojps.aip.org/jmp/. The paper (40 page PDF file) has been completely revised since the last posting to this archiv

A Climate Index Optimized for Longshore Sediment Transport Reveals Interannual and Multidecadal Littoral Cell Rotations

A recent 35-year endpoint shoreline change analysis revealed significant counterclockwiserotations occurring in north-central Oregon, USA, littoral cells that extend 10s of kilometers in length.While the potential for severe El Niños to contribute to littoral cell rotations at seasonal to interannual scalewas previously recognized, the dynamics resulting in persistent (multidecadal) rotation were unknown,largely due to a lack of historical wave conditions extending back multiple decades and the difficulty ofseparating the timescales of shoreline variability in a high energy region. This study addresses this questionby (1) developing a statistical downscaling framework to characterize wave conditions relevant for longshoresediment transport during data-poor decades and (2) applying a one-line shoreline change model toquantitatively assess the potential for such large embayed beaches to rotate. A climateINdex was optimizedto capture variability in longshore wave power as a proxy for potentialLOngshore Sediment Transport(LOST_IN), and a procedure was developed to simulate many realizations of potential wave conditions fromthe index. Waves were transformed dynamically with Simulating Waves Nearshore to the nearshore asinputs to a one-line model that revealed shoreline rotations of embayed beaches at multiple time and spatialscales not previously discernible from infrequent observations. Model results indicate that littoral cellsrespond to both interannual and multidecadal oscillations, producing comparable shoreline excursions toextreme El Niño winters. The technique quantitatively relates morphodynamic forcing to specific climatepatterns and has the potential to better identify and quantify coastal variability on timescales relevant to achanging climate.This work would not have been possible without funding from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) through NSF grant DGE-1314109, the Coastal and Ocean Climate Applications (COCA) program through NOAA grant NA15OAR4310243, NOAA’s Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments Program (RISA), under NOAA grant NA15OAR4310145, and the Spanish Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte FPU (Formación del Profesorado Universitario) studentship BOE-A-2013-12235. Beach survey data collection undertaken on the Oregon coast was made possible by the Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems (NANOOS) through NOAA grant NA16NOS0120019

Time and Dirac Observables in Friedmann Cosmologies

A cosmological time variable is emerged from the Hamiltonian formulation of Friedmann model to measure the evolution of dynamical observables in the theory. A set of observables has been identified for the theory on the null hypersurfaces that its evolution is with respect to the volume clock introduced by the cosmological time variable.Comment: 11 page