A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Limites e possibilidades do exercício da autonomia nas práticas terapêuticas de modificação corporal e alteração da identidade sexual Limits and possibilities to the exercise on autonomy in therapeutic practices of physical modification and sexual identity alteration

As normas brasileiras condicionam o acesso às modificações corporais para alteração da identidade sexual à confirmação do diagnóstico psiquiátrico de transexualismo - transtorno de identidade de gênero ou sexual -, e o acompanhamento psiquiátrico por dois anos para sua realização. O desconforto com o sexo anatômico e o desejo de a pessoa modificar a genitália para a do sexo oposto é o principal critério definidor do diagnóstico de transexualismo. A cirurgia de transgenitalização é considerada etapa final do tratamento, e vem sendo admitida pela instância judicial como condição necessária para a alteração da identidade sexual legal. O artigo discute o conflito moral entre o sujeito transexual e as normas vigentes em relação ao exercício da autonomia individual nas práticas terapêuticas, aplicando as ferramentas da bioética, a partir da análise dos argumentos utilizados pelas instâncias de saúde e judicial sobre o tema, nos artigos, documentos e decisões judiciais nacionais. Observa-se que houve avanços no acesso aos recursos terapêuticos e legais, mas as limitações e restrições ainda impostas ao exercício da autonomia do/a transexual podem ter efeitos negativos para a saúde e os direitos daqueles não considerados pela norma vigente como "verdadeiros transexuais". Os direitos da pessoa transexual à assistência integral à saúde, inclusive sexual, e ao livre desenvolvimento de sua personalidade são infringidos no momento em que a autonomia do paciente não é adequadamente preservada pelas normas vigentes, convertendo-se os direitos humanos num tipo de dever de a pessoa adequar-se à moralidade sexual dominante.<br>According to current Brazilian health authority policies, one's access to physical modifications to have his/her sexual identity altered is dependent upon an established psychiatric diagnosis of transsexualism - gender or sexual identity disorder - in addition to two years of psychiatric evaluations, in order to have it come to fruition. The discomfort with his/her sexual anatomy and the desire to have his/her genitalia modified is the defining criteria to the diagnosis of transsexualism. Sex reassignment surgery is considered to be the last step of such a treatment, and it is viewed by the Judiciary as a necessary condition to effect change in the legal sexual identity status of the transsexual person. This paper argues the moral conflict between transsexual issues and current health policies related to one's exercise on autonomy with regard to therapeutic practices. Hence, Bioethics tools are applied to the discussion, due to the result obtained from an analysis of the arguments made by the health authorities and judicial systems, on the subject, through articles, documents, and Brazilian court decisions. Regarding therapeutic and legal access, some advances have been made. However, notwithstanding, limitations and restrictions still being imposed regarding the exercise of the autonomy of the transsexual individual, might have a negative impact on the health and legal rights of those not acknowledged by the current norms as "true transsexuals". The rights of the transsexual individual to a comprehensive healthcare assistance system, including sexually related health issues, as well as the right to the free development of his/her personality are infringed, at the very moment when the patient's autonomy is not duly safeguarded by current health policies, thus making human rights look more like a duty, to which the person must adapt to as the dominant sexual morality

Patients with Crohn's disease have longer post-operative in-hospital stay than patients with colon cancer but no difference in complications' rate

BACKGROUNDRight hemicolectomy or ileocecal resection are used to treat benign conditions like Crohn's disease (CD) and malignant ones like colon cancer (CC).AIMTo investigate differences in pre- and peri-operative factors and their impact on post-operative outcome in patients with CC and CD.METHODSThis is a sub-group analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology's prospective, multi-centre snapshot audit. Adult patients with CC and CD undergoing right hemicolectomy or ileocecal resection were included. Primary outcome measure was 30-d post-operative complications. Secondary outcome measures were post-operative length of stay (LOS) at and readmission.RESULTSThree hundred and seventy-five patients with CD and 2,515 patients with CC were included. Patients with CD were younger (median = 37 years for CD and 71 years for CC (P &lt; 0.01), had lower American Society of Anesthesiology score (ASA) grade (P &lt; 0.01) and less comorbidity (P &lt; 0.01), but were more likely to be current smokers (P &lt; 0.01). Patients with CD were more frequently operated on by colorectal surgeons (P &lt; 0.01) and frequently underwent ileocecal resection (P &lt; 0.01) with higher rate of de-functioning/primary stoma construction (P &lt; 0.01). Thirty-day post-operative mortality occurred exclusively in the CC group (66/2515, 2.3%). In multivariate analyses, the risk of post-operative complications was similar in the two groups (OR 0.80, 95%CI: 0.54-1.17; P = 0.25). Patients with CD had a significantly longer LOS (Geometric mean 0.87, 95%CI: 0.79-0.95; P &lt; 0.01). There was no difference in re-admission rates. The audit did not collect data on post-operative enhanced recovery protocols that are implemented in the different participating centers.CONCLUSIONPatients with CD were younger, with lower ASA grade, less comorbidity, operated on by experienced surgeons and underwent less radical resection but had a longer LOS than patients with CC although complication's rate was not different between the two groups