SOSORT 2012 consensus paper: reducing x-ray exposure in pediatric patients with scoliosis

This 2012 Consensus paper reviews the literature on side effects of x-ray exposure in the pediatric population as it relates to scoliosis evaluation and treatment. Alternative methods of spinal assessment and imaging are reviewed, and strategies for reducing the number of radiographs are developed. Using the Delphi technique, SOSORT members developed consensus statements that describe how often radiographs should be taken in each of the pediatric and adolescent sub-populations

Laddered motivations of external whistleblowers: The truth about attributes, consequences, and values

The purpose of this study was to explore the motivational structures of external whistleblowers involved in the decision to blow the whistle by applying MEC theory and the laddering technique. Using both soft and hard laddering methods, data were collected from 37 Korean external whistleblowers. Results revealed that the means-end chain of external whistleblow-ers was the hierarchical linkage among two concrete attributes (the power of external whistleblowing to make changes and its warning about the seriousness of wrongdoing to the public), two functional consequences (correcting a wrongdoing and making those who violated laws admit their offenses), and one terminal value (the truth). The extant whistleblowing literature has either made assumptions about whistleblowers’ motivations when developing models or has drawn indirect inferences from measures of other variables. Our study is the first with an explicit and empirical focus on whistleblowers’ motivations. The findings provide evidence of the motivational structures of external whistleblowers that consist of a set of complex paths linked by multi-layered motivators. This research will be helpful in designing and reviewing whistleblowing programs for organizations, regulatory agencies, and journalists

Correspondence: J. G. Stikeleather to Zebulon Weaver, June 11, 1932

Zebulon Weaver (1872-1948) was a lawyer and U.S. Representative from western North Carolina. He was a member of the North Carolina Park Commission and was involved in the land acquisition process that went towards establishment of the Great Smoky Mountain National Park and development of the Blue Ridge Parkway. In this letter Stikeleather refers to Weaver's attempts at securing money to complete purchase of park lands and states Weaver would receive support from the people for this agenda.S. Y. TUPPER, MANAGER W. Q. SLAUGHTER, ASST. MGR. JOHN M. HARRISON, AGENCY SEC-Y R. L. CLIETT, ASST. MGR. JOHN A. TISCHER, AGENCY SECY B. F. WEAVER, ASST. MGR. #WiO$3R«3n5imtti« GMnpaitB OP NEWARK, N. J. SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT ATLANTA, GA. J. G. STIKELEATHER REALTY CO. Resident Agents Weaver V. Wilson, Jr., Mgr., Insurance Dept. 49 EAST COLLEGE STREET Asheville, N.C. June 11th, 19 3 2. Mr. Zebulon Weaver, Washington, D. C. Dear Zeb: I read in the morning paper of your efforts to secure money to complete the purchs.se of the park lands. I noted this with a great aeal of satisfaction and I believe the people , . ir*, . . , ODpviriAnted JYlateriar , . ,, here will give you the, properTTsupport in the matter. '-' Western Carolina Umversfty I was unable to give themlrepbfrted your complete plan last night, and he said he had wired you for it. I hope you will succeed in this matter. Keep me advised about it. If there is anything I can do to help, please let me know. Sincer J. G. STIKELEATHER JGS:m