Trawl fishery of Tamilnadu (1985-2000): An appraisal

Fishing activity in Tamilnadu has increased throughout state during the past three decades. Continued technological advances in fishing fleet have increased fishing efficiency and fishing intensity. Data on catch by trawl net during 1985-2000 are analyzed in this paper for interpretation and to suggest management options

Status of marine fisheries in India - Winter School on Impact of Climate Change on Indian Marine Fisheries held at CMFRI, Cochin 18.1.2008 to 7.2.2008

Marine fisheries sector in India plays a significant role in Indian economy and provides livelihood security to about 3.5 million coastal rural folk living in 3200 marine fishing villages. The substantial growth of the sector is due to innovative and efficient fishing practices, government policies, well developed harvest and post-harvest infrastructure and increased demand for marine fish products in the domestic and international markets. The growing demand resulted in fishing effort intensification, extension of fishing grounds, increase in overall length of fishing boats, holding capacity of the trawlers, fishing effort in terms of fishing hours through multi-day fishing by the mechanized sector and enhanced fishing operations by the motorized sector. Multiday fishing that came into vogue in the 90s. The production, which reached 2.7 million t in 1997, has remained almost invariant. The asymptotic production level in all the regions of exploitation indicates a little scope for further increase. Thus, there is an urgent need to ensure sustainability of resources through appropriate management interventions as envisaged in the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and also in the context of global warming and climate change

Marine fisheries of India: an approach to responsible fisheries management

The marine fisheries sector in India• has registered a phenomenal growth during the last five decades both quantitatively and qualitatively. The subsistence fisheries during the early 1950s produced about 0 .5 million tonnes annually. Currently, the total annual production is about 2.7 million tonnes

Methodology for the Estimation of Marine Fish Landings in India

The marine fisheries sector in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth during the last five decades both quantitatively and qualitatively. The subsistence fisheries during the early 50’s which produced about 0.5 million tonnes annually has presently grown into a full grown industry producing currently about 2.7 million tones annually with a landing site value of about Rs. 13,000 crores. This increase is not only as a result of improvements in the harvesting methods, increase in the fishing effort and extension of fishing into relatively deeper regions but also increased demand resulting from trade in export of marine products as well as the ever growing domestic market demand

Success story of Vajikarana - A Case Study

Ayurveda is a science of life and it has taken the foremost place in the management of lifestyle disorders. In a country like India where population is a burning problem, yet the infertility is much more serious problem which may become the basis of marital disharmony. The major Focus of fertility problems in the past has been the female patient but with the advancement of diagnostic technology, it was realized that males were also responsible for infertility. In general Male infertility factors are suspected of contributing to infertility in almost 40% of infertile couples. Out of many causes of male infertility Oligospermia and Azoospermia are the leading causes. In the present case study, A 30year old male patient (Registration No.16874/464) had visited Kayachikitsa OPD of Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya Hospital, Hubli with chief complaints of Unable to get a child since married life of 5 years and associated complaint was inability to maintain prolonged erection. On the basis of patient’s complaints and semen analysis reports patient was diagnosed as Azoospermia and Beejopaghataja Klaibya/Nirbeeja according to Ayurvedic view. The patient was treated with Siddha Vrushya Yapana Basti and Bastanda Prayoga. By this treatment we could able to reverse the pathology from Azoospermia into Oligospermia and gradual progress helped to impregnant his partner. After 2 months of treatment, we could be able to achieve ultimate goal of Vajikarana i.e. Conception. His partner became pregnant with her first child after 5 years of continuous trying for a baby. The pregnancy progressed normally as per Masanumasika Garbha Lakshana without any problems. The couple were blessed with a healthy baby girl of 2.75kg in October 2017. Currently the couple are enjoying the parenthood. This case report provides us a guideline that even Azoospermia can be successfully treated in Ayurveda with valid Chikitsa Siddhanta

Stock assessment of Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius) from Cochin waters, Kerala

Based on the catch and effort, and length distribution data of Metapenaeus monoceros landed by shrimp trawlers at Cochin Fisheries Harbour during 1991 - 93, an attempt has been made to assess the stock of this species in the Cochin waters. The average annual instantaneous rate of total mortality was estimated 7.06 and 7.75 for females and males respectively. The estimated value of annual natural mortality (M) was 2.35 and it was assumed to be the same for both sexes. The estimate of fishing mortality rate (F) was 4.71 for females and 5.40 for males of M. monoceros. The average rate of exploitation (E) was 0.70 and 0.67 respectively for males and females. The average standing stock size of M. monoceros for the period under study was 10.55 t for males and 28.65 t for females. The Thomson and Bell and the Beverton and Holt yield per recruit routines in the LFSA are used to explain the present status of fishery which shows that there is no adverse effect of fishing on the exploited stock of M. monoceros from the southwest coast off Cochin

Comparison of Radiovisiography and Digital volume tomography to direct surgical measurements in the detection of infrabony defects

Objectives: To compare the linear measurements of Radiovisiography (RVG) and Digital volume tomography (DVT) to direct surgical measurements in the detection of periodontal infrabony defects. Study design: RVG and DVT images were taken prior to periodontal surgery for 28 infrabony periodontal defects. After defect debridement, direct bony defect measurements were made from the cemento enamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the defect (CEJ-BD) and to the alveolar crest (CEJ-AC) with a periodontal probe. These same measurements were made on the RVG and DVT images and then compared to the direct surgical values. Results: DVT correlated strongly with surgical measurements, whereas RVG correlated less favorably (P=0.0109, P=0.0193 respectively).No significant difference for CEJ-AC (P=0.0599) was seen between DVT and surgical measurements; however, there was a significant difference for the distance CEJ-BD (P=0.0105). Conclusion: DVT technique is significantly more accurate than RVG in the detection of infrabony periodontal defects

A prospective study indicating that fractional excretion of sodium is a good marker for fluid loss

Background: Pre-renal failure, a reversible form of acute renal failure (ARF), accounts for 60-70% of all cases of ARF. To study the factors affecting fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) in patients with pre-renal failure.Methods: The study involved patients with pre-renal failure, admitted in a multi-speciality hospital in south India for a period of two years. The demographic and clinical data were collected using a standard pro forma. The correlation between FENa and factors such as age, diabetes mellitus, fluid loss, fever, urine output and creatinine of pre-renal failure were statistically evaluated.Results: The prospective study involved 24 patients diagnosed as pre-renal failure with a mean age of 52.75±18.78. The subjects included 14 males and 10 females, with a median FENa of 0.55 (0.10-0.90). A moderate negative correlation was observed between FENa and fluid loss in pre-renal failure patients (r -0.646, P=0.0007).Conclusions: The level of FENa may assist in estimating fluid loss in patients with pre-renal failure

Pattern of vitamin D status in prediabetic individuals: a case control study at tertiary hospital in South India

Background: Role of vitamin D in the regulation of calcium metabolism is well established. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 DM in humans. There is a limited available data on the relationship of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency with glucose homeostasis among prediabetic individuals in South Indian population. Hence we examined serum 25(OH) D3 concentration among prediabetics. The objective of this study is to evaluate prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in prediabetics and to study any correlation between vitamin D and BMI, FBS and PPBS among prediabetics.  Methods: A case control study was carried out among 40 prediabetics & controls, after obtaining consent from subjects and clearance from institutional ethics committee. Serum vitamin D levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in both groups. Statistical analysis was done using “t” test & Pearson correlation co-efficient (r).Results: Vitamin D levels less than 20 ng/ml were found in 72.5% of cases and 35% of controls. 5% of the cases and 12.5% of the controls had vitamin D above 30 ng/ml and this difference was statistically significant. Mean vitamin D levels in cases and controls was 17.09±5.89 ng/ml and 23.67±11.02 ng/ml respectively (P<0.05). A significant inverse correlation was observed between vitamin D levels & body mass index (r=-0.274; p=0.014); random blood sugar (r=-0.35; p=0.001); fasting blood sugar (r=-0.328; p=0.003); post prandial blood sugar (r=-0.276; p=0.013).Conclusions: High prevalence of hypovitaminosis D exists among prediabetics and there is significant inverse correlation between BMI, FBS, PPBS and vitamin D levels. Hence, a prospective study covering large pre-diabetic individuals is essential to confirm the findings.