Die Erprobung von Z in der Lehre

Mordau J, Spitta T. Die Erprobung von Z in der Lehre. In: Forbrig P, Riedewald G, eds. Software Engineering im Unterricht der Hochschulen SEUH '97. Stuttgart: Teubner; 1997: 24-33

Zeiterfassung in der IV - Kostentransparenz oder Personalkontrolle?

Spitta T, Becker FG. Zeiterfassung in der IV - Kostentransparenz oder Personalkontrolle? WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK. 2000;(Sonderheft IT und Personal):S48-S55.Personnel effort collection is an important tool of IT-controlling. The paper outlines the managerial view of personnel data collection because the technical implementation is easy. This managerial view is a coin with two sides: The first is necessary f. e. for effective project management, the second side is that personnel supervision is possible. This contradicts to a motivating leadership style, which seems to be necessary for highly qualified staff, too. Based on experiences in a medium sized enterprise over several years, and the research state of the art it is shown, how a cooperative leadership style may be practiced anyway. In order to demonstrate the transparency, some examples show data of application systems' effort (development and maintenance costs), which can only be reported on the base of effort collection.

Information

Spitta T. Information. In: Becker FG, ed. Einführung in die Betriebswirtschaftslehre. BWL im Bachelor Studiengang. Berlin: Springer; 2006: 233-265

Lernprozesse und Prototyping bei der Softwareentwicklung

Spitta T. Lernprozesse und Prototyping bei der Softwareentwicklung. In: Lausen G, Mayr HC, eds. Der Weg zum Modell beim Entwurf von Informationssystemen. Proceedings EMISA '88. GI e.V.; 1988: 11-14

Evaluation of an international doctoral educational program in space life sciences: The Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School (SpaceLife) in Germany

Training young researchers in the field of space life sciences is essential to vitalize the future of spaceflight. In 2009, the DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine established the Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School (SpaceLife) in cooperation with several universities, starting with 22 doctoral candidates. SpaceLife offered an intensive three-year training program for early-stage researchers from different fields (biology, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, physics, sports, nutrition, plant and space sciences). The candidates passed a multistep selection procedure with a written application, a self-presentation to a selection committee, and an interview with the prospective supervisors. The selected candidates from Germany as well as from abroad attended a curriculum taught in English. An overview of space life sciences was given in a workshop with introductory lectures on space radiation biology and dosimetry, space physiology, gravitational biology and astrobiology. The yearly Doctoral Students’ Workshops were also interdisciplinary. During the first Doctoral Students’ Workshop, every candidate presented his/her research topic including hypothesis and methods to be applied. The progress report was due after ~1.5 years and a final report after ~3 years. The candidates specialized in their subfield in advanced lectures, Journal Clubs, practical trainings, lab exchanges and elective courses. The students attended at least one transferable skills course per year, starting with a Research Skills Development course in the first year, a presentation and writing skills course in the second year, and a career and leadership course in the third year. The whole program encompassed 303 h and was complemented by active conference participation. In this paper, the six years’ experience with this program is summarized in order to guide other institutions in establishment of structured Ph.D. programs in this field. The curriculum including elective courses is documented. The applicants’ statistics revealed that personal contacts and the DLR website were most important the recruitment of doctoral candidates. The evaluation of the application and selection procedure revealed that prediction of thesis success based on master thesis mark or evaluation by the selection committee is difficult. SpaceLife Doctoral Students greatly contributed to the scientific output in terms of peer-reviewed publications of the Institute of Aerospace Medicine with a peak in the fourth year after start of the thesis and they continuously received awards for their scientific work

Extrastriatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in alcohol use disorder and individuals at high risk

Introduction: Reduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been demonstrated in recent clinical studies and meta-analyses. However, only a limited number of studies investigated extrastriatal D2/3 availability in AUD or in at-risk populations. In line with a dimensional understanding of addiction, extrastriatal dopaminergic neuroadaptations have been suggested to be relevant from a pathobiological perspective. Methods: We investigated D2/3 receptor availability via F-18-fallypride positron emission tomography applying a region of interest (ROI) approach. We selected ROIs for the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Our sample included 19 healthy controls (low risk [LR]), 19 individuals at high risk (HR) to develop addiction, and 20 recently detoxified AUD patients. Results: We found significantly higher D2/3 receptor availability of HR compared to AUD in the left and right rostral ACC (rACC), as well as in the left ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC). We did not observe a significant difference between AUD and LR. After corrections for multiple comparisons none of the ROIs reached significance throughout the group comparison. The D2/3 receptor availability in the left rACC was inversely correlated with symptom severity assessed with the Alcohol Dependency Scale. Discussion: To our knowledge, the present work is the first study investigating extrastriatal D2/3 receptor availabilities in individuals at HR and patients with AUD. The observation that D2/3 receptor availabilities are highest in HR might suggest that their pathobiology differs from subjects with AUD. Future studies are necessary to clarify the intraindividual course of this biomarker over different disease stages and its possible role as a risk or protective factor