Family Relations in the Moral Values Expressed by Dravidian Literature

Dr. Robert Caldwell learned Tamil when he came to Tamil Nadu to do religious work. In the Dravidian language family, Tamil is known as the classical language. He studied linguistically that Tamilam was the Tramilam and the Tramilam was Dravidian and found that Tamil was the oldest and the first of the Dravidian languages. Knowing that Kannada, Telugu, and Malayalam are like Tamil with grammar and literary dialogues, he wrote a book of a comparative grammar book. In 1856, Caldwell was the first to introduce the term "comparison grammar book of Dravidian languages" or "south Indian family languages" to the world of linguistics. This article explores the trend of moral literature and the literary records of family relations as a literary form in Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, and Malayalam, all the four Dravidian languages

Writing on the Wall and our Shortsightedness

The Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, which brought the issue of pesticides to the center stage is dedicated to Albert Schweitzer, who said, “Man has lost the capacity to foresee and to forestall. He will end by destroying the Earth”. This paper will try to understand and analyse our position with regard to the prediction made by Albert Schweitzer. Are we still moving in the same direction of self-destruction or have we regained our capacity to foresee and forestall? Man’s interaction with nature has altered it in very significant ways which in turn has been affecting the life of man in unpredictable ways.  The way forward is from adverse Anthropocene to conscious Anthropocene. Shankar’s 2018 release, Akshay Kumar and Rajnikanth starrer 2.0 warn us about the problems of radiation which will wipe away the birds from Earth before us going the same way. How the overcrowded telephone network towers and the radiation from them will wreak havoc, if not checked right away is the point of discussion in the movie. 2016 release Remo D’ Souza’s A flying Jatt, starring Tiger Shroff also speaks of the impending doom if we do not manage our waste properly. The pollutants which we are releasing generously into the environment are nothing but our own suicide in installments. The writing has been on the wall for long. Poornachandra Tejaswi in his novel Chidambara Rahasya depicts the picture of a society which ignores this writing on the wall for short term gains and this shortsightedness results in the destruction of nature, culture and the life as we know. This paper intends to study the equation between man and nature as depicted in the above mentioned movies and literature

Active Vibration Control of Structures using an Impedance Matching Control Technique

Active vibration control of structures has gained a lot of interest in recent years. This paper presents an active vibration control methodology of a structure using piezoelectric actuators. The proposed methodology is useful in practical applications where the system to be controlled is difficult to model due to the presence of complex boundary conditions. The impedance matching control technique uses a power flow approach wherein the controller is designed such that the power flow into the structure is minimized. The system transfer function is obtained from the experimental collocated actuator/sensor pair data using Eigen Realisation Algorithm (ERA). The controller is designed for the system transfer function according to impedance matching theory. The above approach is targeted towards the vibration control of wind tunnel stings, which suffer from flow-induced vibration. A wind tunnel sting model is designed and fabricated for this study. The real time implementation of the impedance matching controller has been carried out using dSPACE® Digital Signal Processor (DSP) card. The results are encouraging and demonstrate the feasibility of applying this technique in the wind tunne

In vitro antifungal screening of some medicinal plants against Macrophomina phaseolina

The medicinal plants present enormous reservoir of potential microbial compounds that could be useful alternative to synthetic microbicides and are being used to develop drugs. In the present study of five selected medicinal plants the leaf powder extracts were tested against Macrophomina phaseolina by disc diffusion method. It was found that ethanol extract strongly effective against Macrophomina phaseolina, is a causal agent for charcoal rot of sunflower fungal pathogen. &nbsp

Evaluation of Brainstem auditory evoked potential and serum Interleukin-1beta levels in patients with generalized tonic clonic seizures

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by abnormal changes in the brain’s electrical potentials. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEP) is an important clinical tool in studying the electrophysiological phenomena of neural excitation, conduction and transmission across the auditory pathway. It has been widely used for the early detection of neural conduction irregularities in auditory pathway. Using BAEP, we can easily detect the early changes occurring in the auditory pathway in Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizure (GTCS) patients even before the clinical manifestation of hearing impairment occurs so that proper measures to intervene the disease process at the earliest possible is achieved to provide a better quality of life for GTCS patients. AIM OF THE STUDY: 1. To determine the functional integrity of auditory pathway in patients with GTCS by recording brainstem auditory evoked potential. 2. To assess serum Interleukin -1 beta levels in these patients. 3. To find the correlation between serum Interleukin-1 beta level and Brainstem auditory evoked potential in patients with GTCS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients with GTCS of both sexes in the age group 20-40 years without any clinical evidence of hearing impairment were included in the study. Controls were age, sex and BMI matched healthy population. Both the controls and GTCS patients were subjected to BAEP and serum interleukin-1beta levels were also measured. The data were analyzed by Student ‘t’ test. RESULT: GTCS patients showed significant differences in wave III, V absolute latency and I-III, I-V IPL of BAEP. The interleukin-1β levels were significantly prolonged in GTCS patients as compared to control population suggesting the contribution of this cytokine in epileptogenesis. CONCLUSION: There was significant prolongation of central conduction time in GTCS patients even though there was no clinical evidence of hearing impairment assessed by pure tone audiogram prior to the study. Hence BAEP can be utilized as an objective electrophysiological tool to evaluate the functional integrity of auditory pathway from the external ear to lower brainstem

ASSESSMENT OF INFLAMMATORY STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Objective: The metabolic disorder, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a major health problem which is the risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accident, renal failure, and other macrovascular diseases. Inflammation is the major pathogenesis of all the above conditions. Therefore, there is a need to assess the inflammatory status using simple and reliable marker which would help to diagnose the disease and assess the prognosis of the disease. Hence, the aim of the current study is to estimate the level of simple inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) in Type 2 diabetes individual.Materials and Method: Fifty patients, reporting to Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, were enrolled in the study which includes 25 patients with T2DM and 25 healthy individuals. 5 ml of venous blood was collected and centrifuged. Then, it is analyzed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and CRP using the standard kit method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software.Results: The mean FBS, HbA1c, and CRP levels were higher in T2DM patients in comparison to healthy individuals. The serum FBS, HbA1c, and CRP levels in the control group and T2DM group were 85.08±8.47, 4.27±0.63, and 6.51±0.83 and 168, 7.38±0.9, and 27.23±19.06, respectively. There was a significant (p=0.000) difference in the mean CRP levels of the above groups.Conclusion: CRP level were consistently higher in T2DM individuals; hence, it could be a simple and reliable marker to assess the inflammatory status of the diabetic individuals

Study on post partum intrauterine contraceptive device practices and causes for discontinuation of PPIUCD at follow up in a tertiary hospital

Background: Post partum contraception is the best evidence based intervention in prevention of pregnancy and abortion related maternal morbidity and mortality in the developing countries. The unmet need for contraception among women in the postpartum period can be effectively fulfilled by post partum insertion of IUCD, in a single visit under the Government scheme of providing free maternity services during institutional delivery. Despite optimal efforts by family planning program, very few couples are opting for spacing methods and lack of awareness has resulted in discontinuation of family planning methods particularly PPIUCD. This study is designed to study the practices of PPIUCD and causes for discontinuation at follow up in our hospital. The objectives of the study were study PPIUCD practices at Vanivilas hospital; causes for discontinuation of PPIUCD.Methods: Prospective study done at Vanivilas hospital attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute from January 2014 to December 2014. Women admitted and delivered at VVH, were counselled. CuT 380A was inserted in accepters who fulfilled the Medical Eligibility Criteria and had no contraindications for PPIUCD. They were followed up till June 2016.Results: There were 2072 PPIUCD insertions in one year, out of which 1244 were post placental, 139 were in immediate postpartum and 689 were intra caesarean insertions. Fifty four (54) women discontinued PPIUCD during follow up .Main causes for removal were menstrual abnormalities (19), pain abdomen (13), wanting sterilisation procedure (12) and marital disharmony.Conclusions: PPIUCD is an effective, safe, reversible method of long term contraception with high reported expulsion and low perforation rate, compared to interval insertion. More research is needed in the field of PPIUCD to enhance awareness and acceptance in the community. Awareness and counselling the eligible couples during ante natal care can improve acceptance and compliance of PPIUCD continuation rates

Thioglycolate de méthyle comme matière première pour la synthèse de beta-alcoxythiophènes

National audienc

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disease condition characterized by truncal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance. An excessive circulating uric acid (UA) level even within normal range is always comorbid with metabolic syndrome and its components. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and serum UA level.Methods: A total of 60 subjects were divided into two groups of healthy (30 individuals) and metabolic syndrome patients (30 individuals) from dental outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. 5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected in the plain collection tubes and centrifuged, and then serum was separated. Then, the serum was used to analyze the fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides (TGLs), and serum UA by GOD-POD, enzymatic colorimetric, and uricase method, respectively. A statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test. p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Result: Mean body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), TGL, and UA level of control group were 23.36±1.81, 84.45±13.1, 110.9±22.6, and 3.48±1.21 respectively. Mean BMI, FBS, TGL, and UA level of study group were 35.24±3.04, 122.85±23.3, 212.1±39.6 and 9.08±2.63 respectively. There is a significant difference between these two groups with p<0.0001.Conclusion: This study showed that those individuals with metabolic syndrome have higher UA level that indicates hyperuricemia which is a significant predictor of metabolic syndrome

A prospective study of role of doppler in pregnancy and the perinatal outcome

Background: The development of doppler ultrasonographic technology has provided an opportunity to obtain a qualitative and quantitative assessment of maternal and foetal circulation using a non-invasive method. It has been proved by many studies that doppler has a very important role in screening of high-risk pregnancies. Objective of this study was to evaluate the role of colour doppler study in normal and high-risk pregnancy in relation to perinatal outcome.Methods: A prospective study was done including 75 women with high risk pregnancy and 75 normal pregnant women during the period October 2018 to September 2019 in hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. Doppler examination was done after recording patients’ history, clinical examination and ultrasound. Results were analysed and conclusions were made.Results: Out of the 22 patients with PIH, 20 patients had abnormal umbilical artery S/D ratio and all 22 had abnormal MCA PI. Out of 12 patients with diabetes, 10 had abnormal umbilical artery S/D ratio. All the patients with IUGR had abnormal umbilical artery S/D ratio and abnormal MCA PI.Conclusions: Colour doppler flow velocimetry done repeatedly can predict adverse foetal events with a great degree of accuracy