Altersheim - die Loesung? sozialgerontologische Studien zu Faktoren der Heimaufnahmebereitschaft - unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Gesundheit und der Wohnbedingungen - sowie zu ausgewaehlten Umstaenden des Lebens im Heim bei aelteren Buergern

HUB(11) - 87 HB 3132 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

The demand–control model as a predictor of depressive symptoms—interaction and differential subscale effects : Prospective analyses of 2212 German employees

Testing assumptions of the widely used demand–control (DC) model in occupational psychosocial epidemiology, we investigated (a) interaction, i.e., whether the combined effect of low job control and high psychological demands on depressive symptoms was stronger than the sum of their single effects (i.e., superadditivity) and (b) whether subscales of psychological demands and job control had similar associations with depressive symptoms. Logistic longitudinal regression analyses of the 5-year cohort of the German Study of Mental Health at Work (S-MGA) 2011/12–2017 of 2212 employees were conducted. The observed combined effect of low job control and high psychological demands on depressive symptoms did not indicate interaction (RERI = −0.26, 95% CI = −0.91; 0.40). When dichotomizing subscales at the median, differential effects of subscales were not found. When dividing subscales into categories based on value ranges, differential effects for job control subscales (namely, decision authority and skill discretion) were found (p = 0.04). This study does not support all assumptions of the DC model: (1) it corroborates previous studies not finding an interaction of psychological demands and job control; and (2) signs of differential subscale effects were found regarding job control. Too few prospective studies have been carried out regarding differential subscale effects.

Changes in communication of end-of-life decisions in European ICUs from 1999 to 2016 (Ethicus-2) - a prospective observational study.

PURPOSE We investigated changes in communication practice about end-of-life decisions in European ICUs over 16 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospectively planned secondary analysis of two observational studies in 22 European ICUs in 1999-2000 (Ethicus-1) and 2015-16 (Ethicus-2) included consecutive patients who died or with limitation of life-sustaining therapy. ICUs were grouped into North, Central and South European regions. RESULTS A total 4592 patients were included in 1999-2000 (n = 2807) and 2015-16 (n = 1785). Information about patient wishes increased overall (from 25.4% [570] to 51.1% [840]) and in all regions (42% to 61% [North], 22% to 56% [Central] and 20% to 32% [South], all p Central>South) followed by patient decision-making capacity. CONCLUSION End-of-life decisions are increasingly discussed but communication practices vary by region and follow a North-South gradient. Despite increased availability of information, patient preferences still remain unknown in every second patient. This calls for increased efforts to assess patient preference in advance and make them known to ICU clinicians

Nonlinear and Hysteretic Constitutive Models for Wave Propagation in Solid Media with Cracks and Contacts

International audienc