Deviations from Tribimaximal Neutrino Mixing using a Model with Δ(27)\Delta(27) Symmetry

We present a model of neutrino mixing based on the flavour group $\Delta(27)$ in order to account for the observation of a non-zero reactor mixing angle ($\theta_{13}$). The model provides a common flavour structure for the charged-lepton and the neutrino sectors, giving their mass matrices a `circulant-plus-diagonal' form. Mass matrices of this form readily lead to mixing patterns with realistic deviations from tribimaximal mixing, including non-zero $\theta_{13}$. With the parameters constrained by existing measurements, our model predicts an inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. We obtain two distinct sets of solutions in which the atmospheric mixing angle lies in the first and the second octants. The first (second) octant solution predicts the lightest neutrino mass, $m_3 \sim 29~\text{meV}$ ($m_3 \sim 65~\text{meV}$) and the $CP$ phase, $\delta_{CP} \sim -\frac{\pi}{4}$ ($\delta_{CP} \sim \frac{\pi}{2}$), offering the possibility of large observable $CP$ violating effects in future experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Fully Constrained Majorana Neutrino Mass Matrices Using Σ(72×3)\Sigma(72\times 3)

In 2002, two neutrino mixing ansatze having trimaximally-mixed middle ($\nu_2$) columns, namely tri-chi-maximal mixing ($\text{T}\chi\text{M}$) and tri-phi-maximal mixing ($\text{T}\phi\text{M}$), were proposed. In 2012, it was shown that $\text{T}\chi\text{M}$ with $\chi=\pm \frac{\pi}{16}$ as well as $\text{T}\phi\text{M}$ with $\phi = \pm \frac{\pi}{16}$ leads to the solution, $\sin^2 \theta_{13} = \frac{2}{3} \sin^2 \frac{\pi}{16}$, consistent with the latest measurements of the reactor mixing angle, $\theta_{13}$. To obtain $\text{T}\chi\text{M}_{(\chi=\pm \frac{\pi}{16})}$ and $\text{T}\phi\text{M}_{(\phi=\pm \frac{\pi}{16})}$, the type~I see-saw framework with fully constrained Majorana neutrino mass matrices was utilised. These mass matrices also resulted in the neutrino mass ratios, $m_1:m_2:m_3=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{1+\sqrt{2(2+\sqrt{2})}}:1:\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{-1+\sqrt{2(2+\sqrt{2})}}$. In this paper we construct a flavour model based on the discrete group $\Sigma(72\times 3)$ and obtain the aforementioned results. A Majorana neutrino mass matrix (a symmetric $3\times 3$ matrix with 6 complex degrees of freedom) is conveniently mapped into a flavon field transforming as the complex 6 dimensional representation of $\Sigma(72\times 3)$. Specific vacuum alignments of the flavons are used to arrive at the desired mass matrices.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1402.085

Energy Efficiency Routing Protocol for WSNs

Advance in the WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK (WISENET) technology is energy efficient routing protocols that promises a wide range of potential applications in both civilian and military areas. In the WISNET the sensor node have a limited transmission range and their processing and storage capabilities as well as their energy sources are limited. So the Equalized Cluster Head Election Routing Protocol (ECHERP) and PEGASIS with Double Cluster Head (PDCH) pursues energy conservation through balanced clustering for Energy Efficiency. In WSN, energy efficient routing protocol is important to increase the network lifetime. ECHERP and PDCH both protocol claims to be energy efficient

Equalized Cluster Head Election Routing Protocol for WSNs

In recent years, the growing interest in the WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK (WISENET) is increases. Wireless Sensor Network is an emerging technology that promises a wide range of potential applications in both civilian and military areas. A sensor network consists of multiple detection stations called sensor nodes, each of which is small, lightweight and portable. Every sensor node is equipped with a Sensing Unit, Data Processing Unit, transceiver and power source. The development of WSNs largely depends on the availability of low-cost and low-power hardware and software platforms for sensor networks. Equalized Cluster Head Election Routing Protocol (ECHERP), pursues energy conservation through balanced clustering for Energy Efficiency

Pantoprazole induced black hairy tongue: a case report

Black hairy tongue (BHT) is characterized by abnormally hypertrophied and elongated filiform papillae, appearing as blackish discoloration on the dorsal surface of the tongue. BHT has been reported as an adverse drug reaction to different categories of drugs. However, pantoprazole induced BHT has been rarely reported. We present the case of a 42-year-old female, admitted in the surgery ward with postoperative wound infection, for which she was prescribed oral clarithromycin and pantoprazole. On the third day of starting medications, she complained of blackish discoloration on the dorsal surface of the tongue with an alteration of taste sensation, which was clinically and microscopically diagnosed as BHT. Suspecting BHT as an adverse drug reaction to pantoprazole, it was stopped, while clarithromycin was continued for the full course. She was also advised to scrape her tongue thrice daily, drink adequate fluids and maintain good oral hygiene. On the third day after stopping pantoprazole, black discoloration and alteration of taste sensation resolved completely. WHO-UMC causality assessment scale showed a ‘probable’ association of the adverse drug reaction with pantoprazole. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of BHT with the use of pantoprazole and that it completely resolves on stoppage of the drug, mechanical debridement and good oral hygiene

Catalysis study for space shuttle vehicle thermal protection systems

Experimental results on the problem of reducing aerodynamic heating on space shuttle orbiter surfaces are presented. Data include: (1) development of a laboratory flow reactor technique for measuring gamma sub O and gamma sub N on candidate materials at surfaces, T sub w, in the nominal range 1000 to 2000, (2) measurements of gamma sub O and gamma sub N above 1000 K for both the glass coating of a reusable surface insulation material and the siliconized surface of a reinforced pyrolyzed plastic material, (3) measurement of the ablation behavior of the coated RPP material at T sub w is greater than or equal to 2150 K, (4) X-ray photoelectron spectral studies of the chemical constituents on these surfaces before and after dissociated gas exposure, (5) scanning electron micrograph examination of as-received and reacted specimens, and (6) development and exploitation of a method of predicting the aerodynamic heating consquences of these gamma sub O(T sub w) and gamma sub N(T sub w) measurements for critical locations on a radiation cooled orbiter vehicle

Molecular and thermal studies of carbon fiber precursor polymers with low thermal-oxidative stabilization characteristics

In this investigation, terpolymers, copolymers, and homopolymer of acrylonitrile with dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMAPA), itaconic acid (IA) viz., poly(acrylonitrile‐ran‐3‐dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide‐ran‐itaconic acid) [P(AN‐DMAPP‐IA)], poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐3, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide) [P(AN‐DMAPP)] were synthesized with varying amounts of comonomers using solution polymerization process. The chemical structure, composition, bonding network were determined employing infrared, 1H and, 13‐carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. Molecular characteristics of as‐synthesized polymers such as different kinds of average molecular weights, molecular weight distribution were estimated applying solution viscometry and size exclusion chromatography. The influence of comonomers (DMPAA, IA) on the thermal stabilization characteristics of acrylonitrile terpolymers in comparison with copolymers and homopolymers of acrylonitrile were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), hyphenated thermal techniques (thermal gravimetry coupled with differential thermal analyzer).The DSC curves of P(AN‐DMAPP‐IA) exhibit a distinct broader bimodal peaks with thermal exotherm initiating at as low as 165 °C, and followed by two peaks with temperature difference of 42 °C, releasing the evolved heat at a release rate of 0.7–0.11 J g−1s−1over 10 min as compared to 1.2, 7.5 J g−1s−1 in 4.5, 2 min as observed in P(AN‐DMAPP), polyacrylonitrile, respectively. The thermal stability of P(AN‐DMAPP‐IA) and P(AN‐DMAPP), as evidenced by TGA‐DTA was found to be higher than PAN homopolymers. Specific heat capacity measurements confirmed the DSC results. Bulk densities of P(AN‐DMAPP‐IA) were in the range 0.31–0.35 g/cc. These results confirm the low‐temperature stabilization characteristics and suitability of P(AN‐DMAPP‐IA) as low cost carbon fiber precursor polymer