Ψ=We±Φ\rm \Psi= W e^{\pm \Phi} quantum cosmological solutions for Class A Bianchi Models

We find solutions for quantum Class A Bianchi models of the form $\rm \Psi=W e^{\pm \Phi}$ generalizing the results obtained by Moncrief and Ryan in standard quantum cosmology. For the II and IX Bianchi models there are other solutions $\rm \tilde\Phi_2$, $\rm \tilde\Phi_9$ to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for which $\rm \Psi$ is necessarely zero, in contrast with solutions found in supersymmetric quantum cosmology.Comment: 15 pages, Late

Genetic variation of the dopamine D2 receptor gene: association with the reinforcing value of food and eating in the absence of hunger in Chilean children

BACKGROUND: food is a powerful reinforcer that motivates people to eat. The TaqI A1 polymorphism (rs1800497; T>C) downstream of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene has been associated with diminished DRD2 receptor density, higher food reinforcement, and impaired eating behavior in adults. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the association between the rs1800497 polymorphism and the reinforcing value of food and eating in the absence of hunger in Chilean children. MATERIAL AND METHOD: nineteen Chilean children (aged 8-12 years) who were carriers of the A1-allele and 19 age- and gender-matched non-carriers (A2-allele) were evaluated on the reinforcing value of food and eating in the absence of hunger. Anthropometric measures were performed by standard procedures. Briefly, children received a standard pre-load lunch followed by an ad-libitum exposure to palatable foods. RESULTS: no differences were found between A1-allele carriers and non-carriers, whether obese or non-obese, in ad libitum energy intake, macronutrient consumption, or the relative reinforcing value of food (p > 0.05). In obese children, A1 carriers reported significantly lower satiety and fullness before lunch (p < 0.05). However, in children with normal weight A1 carriers were found to exhibit trends for greater satiety and fullness before lunch when compared to non-carriers, but this trend reversed after lunch such that carriers exhibited lower satiety and fullness (p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS: although TaqI A1 may play an important role in some eating behavior-related traits such as satiety and fullness, especially in obese children, our findings indicate that this polymorphism does not appear to affect eating in the absence of hunger or food reinforcement in children

Generalized information entropies depending only on the probability distribution

Systems with a long-term stationary state that possess as a spatio-temporally fluctuation quantity $\beta$ can be described by a superposition of several statistics, a "super statistics". We consider first, the Gamma, log-normal and $F$-distributions of $\beta$. It is assumed that they depend only on $p_l$, the probability associated with the microscopic configuration of the system. For each of the three $\beta-$distributions we calculate the Boltzmann factors and show that they coincide for small variance of the fluctuations. For the Gamma distribution it is possible to calculate the entropy in a closed form, depending on $p_l$, and to obtain then an equation relating $p_l$ with $\beta E_l$. We also propose, as other examples, new entropies close related with the Kaniadakis and two possible Sharma-Mittal entropies. The entropies presented in this work do not depend on a constant parameter $q$ but on $p_l$. For the $p_l$-Gamma distribution and its corresponding $B_{p_l}(E)$ Boltzmann factor and the associated entropy, we show the validity of the saddle-point approximation. We also briefly discuss the generalization of one of the four Khinchin axioms to get this proposed entropy.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

Time and "angular" dependent backgrounds from stationary axisymmetric solutions

Backgrounds depending on time and on "angular" variable, namely polarized and unpolarized $S^1 \times S^2$ Gowdy models, are generated as the sector inside the horizons of the manifold corresponding to axisymmetric solutions. As is known, an analytical continuation of ordinary $D$-branes, $iD$-branes allows one to find $S$-brane solutions. Simple models have been constructed by means of analytic continuation of the Schwarzchild and the Kerr metrics. The possibility of studying the $i$-Gowdy models obtained here is outlined with an eye toward seeing if they could represent some kind of generalized $S$-branes depending not only on time but also on an ``angular'' variable.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figures, corrected typos, references adde

WKB-type Approximation to Noncommutative Quantum Cosmology

In this work, we develop and apply the WKB approximation to several examples of noncommutative quantum cosmology, obtaining the time evolution of the noncommutative universe, this is done starting from a noncommutative quantum formulation of cosmology where the noncommutativity is introduced by a deformation on the minisuperspace variables. This procedure gives a straightforward algorithm to incorporate noncommutativity to cosmology and inflation.Comment: Revtex4, 6 pages, no figure

Quantum Cosmology for a Quadratic Theory of Gravity

For pure fourth order (${\cal{L}} \propto R^2$) quantum cosmology the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is solved exactly for the closed homogeneous and isotropic model. It is shown that by imposing as boundary condition that $\Psi = 0$ at the origin of the universe the wave functions behave as suggested by Vilenkin.Comment: 13 pages, latex,no figure

Características químicas de la carne de búfalos en un sistema de alimentación de autoconsumo

The exploitation of buffaloes is presented as an alternative for meat production in the northeast region of Argentina, as it adapts to special agroecological conditions due to the flooding of the land, the presence of low digestible pastures and ectoparasites in which cattle are not always expresses its maximum potentiality. In order to study the quality of post-weaning buffaloes meat from 12 to 15 months of age and with an average weight of 380 kg, the composition of the feed supplied by self-consumption system was studied as a strategic supplementation to achieve the slaughter weight and chemical composition of meat, as well as of the fatty acids present in intramuscular fat by gas chromatography. The meat values found were 28.09% DM, 71.91% humidity, 23.69% CP, 1.94% EE and 1.23% ash. With regard to fatty acids, values of 18.59% saturated and 81.4% unsaturated were found, among the latter being 77.34% monounsaturated and 4% polyunsaturated, concluding that buffalo meat is nutritionally healthy and productively profitable for the region.La explotación de búfalos se presenta como una alternativa de producción de carne en la región nordeste de Argentina, por adaptarse a condiciones agroecológicas especiales debido al anegamiento del terreno, la presencia de pastos de baja digestibilidad y de ectoparásitos en las que no siempre el ganado vacuno expresa su máxima potencialidad. Con la finalidad de estudiar la calidad de carne de bubillos post-destete de 12 a 15 meses de edad y de pesos promedio de 380 kg se estudió la composición del alimento suministrado por sistema de autoconsumo como suplementación estratégica para lograr el peso de faena, la composición química de la carne, como así también de los ácidos grasos presentes en la grasa intramuscular mediante cromatografía gaseosa. Los valores encontrados en la carne fueron de 28,09% de MS, 71,91% de humedad, 23,69% de PB, 1,94% de EE y 1,23% de cenizas. Con respecto a los ácidos grasos se hallaron valores de 18,59% de saturados y de 81,4% de insaturados, destacándose dentro de estos últimos un 77,34 % de monoinsaturados y de 4% de poliinsaturados, concluyendo que la carne de búfalo es nutricionalmente saludable y productivamente rentable para la región

Classical and quantum time dependent solutions in string theory

Using the ontological interpretation of quantum mechanics in a particular sense, we obtain the classical behaviour of the scale factor and two scalar fields, derived from a string effective action for the FRW time dependent model. Besides, the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is solved exactly. We speculate that the same procedure could also be applied to S-branes.Comment: 11 pages, To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Noncommutative Quantum Cosmology

We propose a model for noncommutative quantum cosmology by means of a deformation of minisuperspace. For the Kantowski-Sachs metric we are able to find the exact wave function. We construct wave packets and show that new quantum states that ``compete'' to be the most probable state appear, in clear contrast with the commutative case. A tunneling process could be possible among these states.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, revtex4 file, major style changes, to be published in PR