49 research outputs found
Griffiths phases in the strongly disordered Kondo necklace model
The effect of strong disorder on the one-dimensional Kondo necklace model is
studied using a perturbative real-space renormalization group approach which
becomes asymptotically exact in the low energy limit. The phase diagram of the
model presents a random quantum critical point separating two phases; the {\em
random singlet phase} of a quantum disordered XY chain and the random Kondo
phase. We also consider an anisotropic version of the model and show that it
maps on the strongly disordered transverse Ising model. The present results
provide a rigorous microscopic basis for non-Fermi liquid behavior in
disordered heavy fermions due to Griffiths phases.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Universal behavior at discontinuous quantum phase transitions
Discontinuous quantum phase transitions besides their general interest are
clearly relevant to the study of heavy fermions and magnetic transition metal
compounds. Recent results show that in many systems belonging to these classes
of materials, the magnetic transition changes from second order to first order
as they approach the quantum critical point (QCP). We investigate here some
mechanisms that may be responsible for this change. Specifically the coupling
of the order parameter to soft modes and the competition between different
types of order near the QCP. For weak first order quantum phase transitions
general results are obtained. In particular we describe the thermodynamic
behavior at this transition when it is approached from finite temperatures.
This is the discontinuous equivalent of the non-Fermi liquid trajectory close
to a conventional QCP in a heavy fermion material.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Neonatal Near Miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system
In Latin American, there is currently a regional action with the main purposes of putting the concept of severe neonatal morbidity in practice and formulating proposals for interventions. A general overview of neonatal health conditions, including morbidity and mortality, is provided to update regional knowledge on the topic. An example of the development and implementation of the concept of maternal near miss is also provided, followed by results from a systematic review covering all previously published studies on Neonatal Near Miss. Finally, some proposals for building a common concept on the topic and for launching a prospective surveillance study are presented. A Neonatal Near Miss is a neonate who had a severe morbidity (organ dysfunction or failure) but who survived this condition within the first 27 days of life. The pragmatic criteria recommended to be used are as follows: birth weight below 1700 g, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes of life and gestational age below 33 weeks. As a proxy for organ dysfunction, the following management criteria are also confirmed: parenteral therapeutic antibiotics; nasal continuous positive airway pressure; any intubation during the first 27 days of life; phototherapy within the first 24 h of life; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the use of vasoactive drugs, anticonvulsants, surfactants, blood products and steroids for refractory hypoglycemia and any surgical procedure. Although this study starts from a regional perspective, this topic is clearly globally relevant. All nations, especially low and middle-income countries, could benefit from the proposed standardization
Neonatal near miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system
In Latin American, there is currently a regional action with the main purposes of putting the concept of severe neonatal morbidity in practice and formulating proposals for interventions. A general overview of neonatal health conditions, including morbidity and mortality, is provided to update regional knowledge on the topic. An example of the development and implementation of the concept of maternal near miss is also provided, followed by results from a systematic review covering all previously published studies on Neonatal Near Miss. Finally, some proposals for building a common concept on the topic and for launching a prospective surveillance study are presented. A Neonatal Near Miss is a neonate who had a severe morbidity (organ dysfunction or failure) but who survived this condition within the first 27 days of life. The pragmatic criteria recommended to be used are as follows: birth weight below 1700 g, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes of life and gestational age below 33 weeks. As a proxy for organ dysfunction, the following management criteria are also confirmed: parenteral therapeutic antibiotics; nasal continuous positive airway pressure; any intubation during the first 27 days of life; phototherapy within the first 24 h of life; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the use of vasoactive drugs, anticonvulsants, surfactants, blood products and steroids for refractory hypoglycemia and any surgical procedure. Although this study starts from a regional perspective, this topic is clearly globally relevant. All nations, especially low and middle-income countries, could benefit from the proposed standardization701282082