Statistically Locked-in Transport Through Periodic Potential Landscapes

Classical particles driven through periodically modulated potential energy landscapes are predicted to follow a Devil's staircase hierarchy of commensurate trajectories depending on the orientation of the driving force. Recent experiments on colloidal spheres flowing through arrays of optical traps do indeed reveal such a hierarchy,but not with the predicted structure. The microscopic trajectories, moreover,appear to be random, with commensurability emerging only in a statistical sense. We introduce an idealized model for periodically modulated transport in the presence of randomness that captures both the structure and statistics of such statistically locked-in states.Comment: REVTeX with EPS figures, 4 pages, 4 figure

The Process of Rehumanisation Initiated by Sri Narayana Guru and lts Impact on Kinship and Other Social Relationships in Kerala

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Teaching Hindi as a Communication Language: Perspectives and innovations at the global level

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Shape selection of surface-bound helical filaments: biopolymers on curved membranes

Motivated to understand the behavior of biological filaments interacting with membranes of various types, we study a theoretical model for the shape and thermodynamics of intrinsically-helical filaments bound to curved membranes. We show filament-surface interactions lead to a host of non-uniform shape equilibria, in which filaments progressively unwind from their native twist with increasing surface interaction and surface curvature, ultimately adopting uniform-contact curved shapes. The latter effect is due to non-linear coupling between elastic twist and bending of filaments on anisotropically-curved surfaces, such as the cylindrical surfaces considered here. Via a combination of numerical solutions and asymptotic analysis of shape equilibria we show that filament conformations are critically sensitive to the surface curvature in both the strong- and weak-binding limits. These results suggest that local structure of membrane-bound chiral filaments is generically sensitive to the curvature-radius of the surface to which it is bound, even when that radius is much larger than the filament intrinsic pitch. Typical values of elastic parameters and interaction energies for several prokaryotic and eukaryotic filaments indicate that biopolymers are inherently very sensitive to the coupling between twist, interactions and geometry and that this could be exploited for regulation of a variety of processes such as the targeted exertion of forces, signaling and self-assembly in response to geometric cues including the local mean and Gaussian curvatures

Comparative study of intraocular pressure measurment by schiotz, goldmann's applanation & icare tonometers

Objective: To compare the intraocular pressure readings obtained by Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, Icare rebound tonometer and Schiotz indentation tonometer. Also to find the degree of agreement between each tonometers & to study the influence of factors like Age, Sex, Laterality over their measurement. Design: Cross sectional hospital based study. Studypopulation: 102 patients attending ophthalmology OPD of our hospital. Methods: Cases were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then demographic details of the cases were recorded. All the cases were then evaluated in the following order before subjecting them to IOP measurements. The protocol is as follows: 1. Visual acuity with pinhole. 2. Detailed anterior segment examination with slit lamp examination 3. Fields charting with Bjerrum screen 4. Then IOP measurement using 3 different tonometers. 5. Followed by that pupil is dilated using 0.5% tropicamide and detailed fundus evaluation is done to rule out glaucomatous changes. Results: Resultsshowed that most of patients in our study were females. And the average age group was 62 year for males and 58 year for females. The statisticaldifference in IOP between right and left eye was absent. Also there was no significant change in IOP with respect to age in both sexes. The correlation studies showed that the correlation between schiotz and other two tonometers namely Icare and GAT were weak. But that of GAT and Icare was very strong which was also statistically very significant in both the eyes. Also the agreement between IOP values of GAT and Icare was very good than the agreement between schiotz and other tonometers. Conclusion: Accurate IOP assessment is of pivotal importance in glaucoma diagnosis.Schiotz tonometry though cheap, portable, light weight and quick method of IOP assessment it is not an accurate and reliable method of assessment.GAT is the gold standard technique of IOP assessment in glaucoma patients, giving reliable and accurate readings. But it is time consuming, not portable and cumbersome to use.ICARE tonometer is easy to use, comfortable to patients, quick, lightweight and portable. Yet it gives reliable and accurate IOP readings comparable with GAT.Thus ICARE tonometer can be used as an effective screening tool

Culture of live feed organisms

In any maricuUure practice, availability of seed is one of the prime requisites for sustaining growth, development and to make the activity viable ecologically and economically. As the natural source of seed is often beset with environmental / conservational problems, the dependable source is production through hatchery techniques. Uninterrupted production and supply of live feeds alone can sustain hatchery operations and to feed the emerging larvae or post larvae with different feed requirements at different stages of development / growth. Technologies developed by CMFRl in this line are given in this paper. The method of culturing important live feed organisms such as micro-algae, rotifers, cladocerans and Artemia salina along with their harvesting and preservation are briefly described in this accoun

Blocking Autophagy Prevents Bortezomib-Induced NF-κB Activation by Reducing I-κBα Degradation in Lymphoma Cells

Here we show that bortezomib induces effective proteasome inhibition and accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells. This leads to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as demonstrated by accumulation of the protein CHOP, as well as autophagy, as demonstrated by accumulation of LC3-II proteins. Our data suggest that recruitment of both ubiquitinated proteins and LC3-II by p62 directs ubiquitinated proteins, including I-κBα, to the autophagosome. Degradation of I-κBα results in increased NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcription activity. Since bortezomib treatment promoted I-κBα phosphorylation, ubiquitination and degradation, this suggests that the route of I-κBα degradation was not via the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation system. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) significantly inhibited bortezomib-induced I-κBα degradation, increased complex formation with NF-κB and reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity. Importantly, the combination of proteasome and autophagy inhibitors showed synergy in killing DLBCL cells. In summary, bortezomib-induced autophagy confers relative DLBCL cell drug resistance by eliminating I-κBα. Inhibition of both autophagy and the proteasome has great potential to kill apoptosis-resistant lymphoma cells

Weak Long-Ranged Casimir Attraction in Colloidal Crystals

We investigate the influence of geometric confinement on the free energy of an idealized model for charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions. The mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann formulation for this system predicts pure repulsion among macroionic colloidal spheres. Fluctuations in the simple ions' distribution provide a mechanism for the macroions to attract each other at large separations. Although this Casimir interaction is long-ranged, it is too weak to influence colloidal crystals' dynamics.Comment: 5 pages 2 figures ReVTe

Vaccine hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine among the Malaysian population

COVID-19 is a potentially fatal infectious disease that requires effective vaccines to keep the outbreak under control. Despite the ongoing efforts for an effective vaccine, public hesitancy towards vaccines is now one of the main concerns to the global health in containing this global pandemic. Thus, this preliminary study was carried out to assess the degree of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the general public in Malaysia and to identify the underlying reasons for their hesitancy by using 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. This study was conducted by carrying out a cross-sectional online survey for approximately two months between January to February 2021, involving 385 participants. The survey contained questions based on the 5C model proffered by WHO. The data from the survey were analyzed using Smart PLS 3 for statistical analysis, with the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). According to the findings, only 62.5 percent out of the 385 participants had planned to get the COVID-19 vaccine, while the remaining 37.5 percent did not. The results also showed that confidence, calculation, collective responsibility, and constraints had a significant influence on vaccine hesitancy but not complacency. There is a degree of vaccine hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccines among the Malaysian population, although the data that we have obtained cannot be used to generalize for the entire Malaysian population due to the small sample size. Thus, for the vaccination campaign to be more effective, it should focus more on addressing the issue relating to confidence, calculation, collective responsibility, and constraints and less on complacency

The Mangroves - Importance, Conservation and management

The role of mangroves in nature and their ecological significance have been realised of late and the Government, scieittific Institutions and Universities are paying increasing attention to the biology, conservation and management of mangrove areas