194 research outputs found
Direct epitaxial growth of submicron-patterned SiC structures on Si(001)
We report on the direct epitaxial growth of submicron-patterned SiC structures on Si(001) substrates using supersonic molecular jet epitaxy and resistless e-beam lithography. Prior to SiC film growth, an electron beam was scanned on hydrogen-passivated Si substrates in order to produce silicon oxide lines with widths greater than or equal to 60 nm. The SiC nucleation and growth rates were significantly reduced on the oxidized regions during the subsequent supersonic jet epitaxial growth of SiC, which yielded epitaxial, submicron-patterned SiC films. The, effects of the growth temperature and e-beam dose on the SiC growth and pattern linewidth are discussed. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-211X(99)00906-3].open113sciescopu
Bosonization in the two-channel Kondo model
The bosonization of the anisotropic two-channel Kondo model is shown
to yield two equivalent representations of the original problem. In a straight
forward extension of the Emery-Kivelson approach, the interacting resonant
level model previously derived by the Anderson-Yuval technique is obtained. In
addition, however, a ``(,)'' description is also found. The
strong coupling fixed point of the (,) model was originally
postulated to be related to the intermediate coupling fixed point of the
two-channel Kondo model. The equivalence of the , model to the
two-channel Kondo model is formally established. A summary of what one may
learn from a simple study of these different representations is also given.Comment: 5 pages, latex (uses revtex and epsf macros) with 1 postscript figur
A prescriptive approach to qualify and quantify customer value for value-based requirements engineering
Recently, customer-based product development is becoming a popular paradigm. Customer expectations and needs can be identified and transformed into requirements for product design with the help of various methods and tools. However, in many cases, these models fail to focus on the perceived value that is crucial when customers make the decision of purchasing a product. In this paper, a prescriptive approach to support value-based requirements engineering (RE) is proposed, describing the foundations, procedures and initial applications in the context of RE for commercial aircraft. An integrated set of techniques, such as means-ends analysis, part-whole analysis and multi-attribute utility theory is introduced in order to understand customer values in depth and width. Technically, this enables identifying the implicit value, structuring logically collected statements of customer expectations and performing value modelling and simulation. Additionally, it helps to put in place a system to measure customer satisfaction that is derived from the proposed approach. The approach offers significant potential to develop effective value creation strategies for the development of new product
Atomically precise lateral modulation of a two-dimensional electron liquid in anatase TiO2 thin films
Engineering the electronic band structure of two-dimensional electron liquids
(2DELs) confined at the surface or interface of transition metal oxides is key
to unlocking their full potential. Here we describe a new approach to tailoring
the electronic structure of an oxide surface 2DEL demonstrating the lateral
modulation of electronic states with atomic scale precision on an unprecedented
length scale comparable to the Fermi wavelength. To this end, we use pulsed
laser deposition to grow anatase TiO2 films terminated by a (1 x 4) in-plane
surface reconstruction. Employing photo-stimulated chemical surface doping we
induce 2DELs with tunable carrier densities that are confined within a few TiO2
layers below the surface. Subsequent in-situ angle resolved photoemission
experiments demonstrate that the (1 x 4) surface reconstruction provides a
periodic lateral perturbation of the electron liquid. This causes strong
backfolding of the electronic bands, opening of unidirectional gaps and a
saddle point singularity in the density of states near the chemical potential
Flux flow resistivity and vortex viscosity of high-Tc films
The flux flow regime of high-T samples of different normal state
resistivities is studied in the temperature range where the sign of the Hall
effect is reversed. The scaling of the vortex viscosity with normal state
resistivity is consistent with the Bardeen-Stephen theory. Estimates of the
influence of possible mechanisms suggested for the sign reversal of the Hall
effect are also given.Comment: 3 pages. 4 figures upon reques
Extended bound states and resonances of two fermions on a periodic lattice
The high- cuprates are possible candidates for d-wave superconductivity,
with the Cooper pair wave function belonging to a non-trivial irreducible
representation of the lattice point group. We argue that this d-wave symmetry
is related to a special form of the fermionic kinetic energy and does not
require any novel pairing mechanism. In this context, we present a detailed
study of the bound states and resonances formed by two lattice fermions
interacting via a non-retarded potential that is attractive for nearest
neighbors but repulsive for other relative positions. In the case of strong
binding, a pair formed by fermions on adjacent lattice sites can have a small
effective mass, thereby implying a high condensation temperature. For a weakly
bound state, a pair with non-trivial symmetry tends to be smaller in size than
an s-wave pair. These and other findings are discussed in connection with the
properties of high- cuprate superconductors.Comment: 21 pages, RevTeX, 4 Postscript figures, arithmetic errors corrected.
An abbreviated version (no appendix) appeared in PRB on March 1, 199
Exclusion statistics for fractional quantum Hall states on a sphere
We discuss exclusion statistics parameters for quasiholes and quasielectrons
excited above the fractional quantum Hall states near . We
derive the diagonal statistics parameters from the (``unprojected'') composite
fermion (CF) picture. We propose values for the off-diagonal (mutual)
statistics parameters as a simple modification of those obtained from the
unprojected CF picture, by analyzing finite system numerical spectra in the
spherical geometry.Comment: 9 pages, Revtex, 4 Postscript figures. Universality of the statistics
parameters is stressed, 2 figs adde
Recent advances in pulsed-laser deposition of complex-oxides
Pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) is one of the most promising techniques for the
formation of complex-oxide heterostructures, superlattices, and well-controlled
interfaces. The first part of this paper presents a review of several useful
modifications of the process, including methods inspired by combinatorial
approaches. We then discuss detailed growth kinetics results, which illustrate
that 'true' layer-by-layer (LBL) growth can only be approached, but not fully
met, even though many characterization techniques reveal interfaces with
unexpected sharpness. Time-resolved surface x-ray diffraction measurements show
that crystallization and the majority of interlayer mass transport occur on
time scales that are comparable to those of the plume/substrate interaction,
providing direct experimental evidence that a growth regime exists in which
non-thermal processes dominate PLD. This understanding shows how kinetic growth
manipulation can bring PLD closer to ideal LBL than any other growth method
available today.Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures. Revie
Entanglement transfer from dissociated molecules to photons
We introduce and study the concept of a reversible transfer of the quantum
state of two internally-translationally entangled fragments, formed by
molecular dissociation, to a photon pair. The transfer is based on intracavity
stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and it requires a combination of processes
whose principles are well established.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
- …