ELSA in industrial robotics

Purpose of ReviewIndustry is changing; converging technologies allow a fourth Industrial Revolution, where it is envisaged that robots will work alongside humans. We investigate how the research community is responding to the ethical, legal, and social aspects of industrial robots, with a primary focus on manufacturing industry.Recent FindingsThe literature shows considerable interest in the impact of robotics and automation on industry. This interest spans many disciplines, which is to be expected given that the ELS impacts of industrial robotics may be profound in their depth and far-reaching in their scope.SummaryWe suggest that the increasing importance of human-robot interaction (HRI) reduces the differentiation between industrial robotics and other robotic domains and that the main challenges to successful adoption for the benefit of human life are above all political and economic. Emerging standards and legal frameworks may scaffold this success, but it is apparent that getting it wrong might have repercussions that last for generations

Candida folliculitis mimicking tinea barbae

4th Congress of European-Dermatology-and-Venerology -- OCT 10-15, 1995 -- BRUSSELS, BELGIUMWOS: A1997XA67500016PubMed ID: 9169333A 55-year-old man, a farmer, was referred to our dermatology department in June 1993 with inflammatory and infiltrated nodular lesions on his left cheek and neck. These nodular lesions had appeared about a month previously and had enlarged quickly. He was unaware of any antecedent trauma. Physical examination revealed a painless, slightly erythematous, soft, fluctuant plaque which measured 8 cm in diameter. It consisted of follicular papules and pustules and was partially covered with brown-black crusts (Fig. 1). Two similar plaques, 3 cm in diameter, were also detected on the neck. The regional lymph nodes were not palpable. The hair on the lesions was easily removed with a pair of forceps without causing pain. The patient had not previously had any skin disease. Laboratory investigations, including full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, sugar, cortisol, and renal function tests, were all normal. No fluorescence was seen on Wood's light examination. Direct microscopic examination with 15% potassium hydroxide solution revealed yeast cells and hyphae in three consecutive scrapings of the lesions. Candida albicans was isolated from the mycologic cultures; but no growth was observed in mycologic cultures of oral and anogenital mucosae swabs. Bacteriologic cultures of the lesions were also negative. A skin biopsy was performed for histologic confirmation. Examination of the biopsy specimen revealed dermal oedema and PAS(+) yeast cells among the infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells (Fig. 2). The patient was started on a regimen with fluconazole 100 mg once a day orally for a week, after which the dosage was decreased to 100 mg once every other day for a month. Also, the hair on the lesions was depilated. We noted a significant clinical improvement at the fifth week of the therapy (Fig. 3). Repeated mycologic examinations of the lesions were all negative even 1 month after the end of the therapy

Efficacy and safety of oral fluconazole in the treatment of patients with tinea corporis, cruris or pedis or cutaneous candidosis - A multicentre, open, noncomparative study

WOS: A1996VD99000001PubMed ID: 24610666The efficacy, safety, required duration of treatment, and patient preference for oral fluconazole 150 mg/week in the treatment of 521 patients with cutaneous candidosis, tinea corporis, tinea cruris or tinea pedis were assessed in an open, multicentre, noncomparative trial. Patients received weekly doses of fluconazole 150 mg for an average of 4.65 weeks. Cultures were examined microscopically at baseline, at 2-week intervals, at study end, and at long term follow-up (4 to 6 weeks after the last dose). All adverse events were recorded and rated; patients with laboratory findings outside normal values were monitored. Forms regarding patient preference for oral or topical medication type were assessed from 19 centres at study end. Clinical evaluation demonstrated an overall success rate (cure plus improvement) of 96% at the end of therapy, and 92% overall success rate at long term follow-up. Eradication of pathogens based on culture was equally high, with 92% eradicated at the end of therapy and 89% eradicated at long term follow-up. Patient tolerability was good; only 7 patients (1.3%) discontinued therapy because of adverse events, in 2 cases because of laboratory abnormalities. These findings suggest that oral fluconazole therapy is safe. This study demonstrated that weekly oral doses of fluconazole 150 mg were effective in the treatment of tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis and cutaneous candidosis. Furthermore, there was a high patient preference for oral fluconazole over previous topical therapy