A Review On Accuracy and Uncertainty of Spatial Data and Analyses with special reference to Urban and Hydrological Modelling

Data quality for GIS processing and analysis is becoming an increased concern due to the accelerated application of GIS technology for problem solving and decision making roles. Uncertainty in the geographic representation of the real world arises as these representations are incomplete. Identification of the sources of these uncertainties and the ways in which they operate in GIS based representations become crucial in any spatial data representation and geospatial analysis applied to any field of application. This paper reviews the articles on the various components of spatial data quality and various uncertainties inherent in them and special focus is paid to two fields of application such as Urban Simulation and Hydrological Modelling. Urban growth is a complicated process involving the spatio-temporal changes of all socio-economic and physical components at different scales. Cellular Automata (CA) model is one of the simulation models, which randomly selects potential cells for urbanisation and the transition rules evaluate the properties of the cell and its neighbour. Uncertainty arising from CA modelling is assessed mainly using sensitivity analysis including Monte Carlo simulation method. Likewise, the importance of hydrological uncertainty analysis has been emphasized in recent years and there is an urgent need to incorporate uncertainty estimation into water resources assessment procedures. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a continuous time watershed model to evaluate various impacts of land use management and climate on hydrology and water quality. Hydrological model uncertainties using SWAT model are dealt primarily by Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) method

Thermal characterization of urea phthalic acid material with thermal kinetic calculations

Urea Phthalic acid crystalline material was grown by slow evaporation method. The material was studied by Coats – Redfern method to calculate the thermal kinetic parameters. By analyzing the results, the nature of decomposition reaction of Urea Phthalic acid was investigated. The calculated values of thermal parameters indicate that the material is suitable for device fabrication applications

Thermal Characterization of Urea Phthalic Acid Material with Thermal Kinetic Calculations

Urea Phthalic acid crystalline material was grown by slow evaporation method. The material was studied by Coats – Redfern method to calculate the thermal kinetic parameters. By analyzing the results, the nature of decomposition reaction of Urea Phthalic acid was investigated. The calculated values of thermal parameters indicate that the material is suitable for device fabrication applications

BIO-SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANO CUBES FROM ACTIVE COMPOUND QUERCETIN-3-O-β-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE CONTAINING PLANT EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIFUNGAL APPLICATION

In this study, the biosynthesis of silver nano cubes was carried out using leaf extract of Peltophorum pterocarphum (P. pterocarphum) containing Quercetin-3-O-β-D-Galactopyranoside compound. Simple organic compound extraction and reaction with silver nitrate was carried out. Synthesized nano cubes were characterized by various  techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). The antifungal assay of silver nano cubes was performed, which shows potential effect on plant pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani). It shows increasing inhibitory action when compared to commercially obtainable anti fungal agent fluconazole. Thus for first time it was revealed that the active compound extracted helps in synthesis of silver nano cubes from the plant source and its application as an antimicrobial agent against plant morbific fungi.Keywords: Silver nano cubes; Characterization; Quercetin-3-O-β-D-Galactopyranoside; P. pterocarphum; Antifungal activity